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 共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 189 毫秒
1.
在流动注射测定挥发酚的过程中,会出现基线不稳、噪声信号增加、流量不稳定、准确度和精密度降低等现象,分析测试结果表明溶液有气泡、流通池pH、冷却水温度、到阀时间、周期时间等因素均会导致上述现象的发生。通过研究,对检测时间条件及前处理等方面进行调整。在调整流通池pH到9.8~10.2、设置到阀时间为350 s、周期时间为200 s,并且将试剂脱气方式调整为氦气脱气后,测试准确度和精密度均有较大提高。  相似文献   

2.
薛秀慧 《四川环境》2001,20(3):49-50,53
本文通过大量的实验证明对氨基二甲基苯胺光度法测定水中硫化物的吹气时间可由原来的25min缩短到10min,与原方法进行对照,其精密度和准确度符合要求。从而得出结论:将吹气时间原方法的25min缩短到10min,既节省了时间,又不影响方法的精密度和准确度。  相似文献   

3.
韩丽媛 《青海环境》2009,19(3):127-131
通过亚甲蓝分光光度法测定水体中阴离子表面活性剂所用三氯甲烷体积的选择以及萃取方法、萃取时间的比较,从标准曲线、线性相关系数计算以及方法所测样品的准确度、精密度等方面进行了分析,为建立简便、快捷的测定方法提供了依据。  相似文献   

4.
建立了吹扫捕集/气相色谱-质谱联用仪(GC-MS)测定水中丙烯腈的分析方法,探讨了吹扫温度、吹扫时间、脱附温度和脱附时间对吹扫捕集效率的影响情况,同时对线性范围、方法检出限、准确度和精密度进行实验。在确定的最佳条件下,丙烯腈的线性相关系数为0.9998,平均加标回收率为96.9%,相对标准偏差为4.0%;方法检出限为0.18μg/L。结果表明,该方法简单易操作、检出限低、灵敏度高、准确度及精密度高。  相似文献   

5.
冷原子吸收法测定油田废水中汞时,精密度、回收率较差,试验中采用JCG-Ⅰ型测汞仪进行了条件试验、精密度、准确度和最低检出限试验,结果说明在所选定的条件下方法是可行的。  相似文献   

6.
本文通过模拟动态淋滤浸出实验,采用ICP-AES等分析方法,研究了钒钛磁铁矿冶炼废渣中的重金属钒在淋溶过程中具有潜在的地球化学活动性。获得主要结论如下:动态浸出实验的7个周期过程中的浸出液pH值一直保持在碱性范围内。随着时间的推移,浸出液pH值有减小趋势,浸出介质的pH值的变化对浸出液的pH值的影响不大,浸出液pH值的变化幅度随着粒径的增大而增大。在酸性条件下,pH值对钒的浸出影响不大,在中性或者碱性条件下,会在前期抑制钢铁冶炼废渣中钒的浸出。4种溶液的浸提效果从强到弱依次为碳酸钠、氯化钠、EDTA、高纯水。而以0.1M的Na2CO3(pH 11.38)为浸出介质所测得的浸出液中重金属钒的浓度和累积浸出率最大,和其他5种浸出液相比,高出了两个数量级。3种废渣粒径(<0.5mm,0.5~1.0mm,1.0~10.0mm)的废渣浸出液中钒的浓度和累积浸提率从高到低依次为0.5~1.0mm、1.0~10.0mm、<0.5mm。  相似文献   

7.
采用一种新的标定方法,即取蒸馏水后直接放入沸水浴中加热30min,再加硫酸和草酸钠标准使用溶液,然后用高锰酸钾溶液滴定。通过新旧方法准确度、精密度和实际样品的对比实验,结果表明改进后的标定方法与国标中的标定方法的测定结果无显著性差异。精密度的相对标准偏差为0.2%,准确度的相对误差小于5%,具有较高的精密度和准确度,确定该标定方法可以使用。  相似文献   

8.
耿勇超  黄晶  朱君 《四川环境》2010,29(6):37-39
介绍了MA-2000型测汞仪测定环境水体中的汞,以氯化亚锡为还原剂,0.001%半胱氨酸为汞固定剂,在一定浓度范围内被测汞蒸汽在波长253.7nm紫外光下的吸收值与汞蒸汽浓度成正比。方法检出限0.006ng,精密度和准确度均满足水质监测实验室质量控制的要求。  相似文献   

9.
利用微型滴定法测定白醋中的总酸度,并对常量实验和微型实验的测定结果进行了比较分析。结果两种方法无显著性差异,F检验、t检验均在允许范围内,微型实验的准确度和精密度均达到常量实验的测定水平,完全满足化学分析要求,并且有效地节省了实验试剂,大大降低了实验成本。  相似文献   

10.
用吸光光度法研究了镍-丁二酮肟-过硫酸铵体系的显色条件和性质,在pH~12时,形成一种稳定的酒红色络合物,镍与丁二酮肟的组成比为1:3。ε_(470)=1.24×10~4。方法具有灵敏度较高,选择性好等特点.精密度试验C.V.在2.1~1.7%,准确度试验百分回收率为86.4~99.5%。已应用于电镀废水等中镍的测定,结果满意。  相似文献   

11.
采用酸析法从造纸黑液中分离木质素,同时去除部分COD和色度,从而完成对黑液的初步处理。实验研究了酸析的最佳pH值,并将硫酸、硝酸、盐酸、磷酸、甲酸和草酸作为酸析剂,分析其分别对黑液色度、COD的去除效果及对木质素提取的影响。介绍了通过快速消解分光光度法来测定COD值,和用分光光度法测定色度值,分别建立COD值和色度对吸光度的工作曲线,使测量更加方便高效快捷,其精确度和准确度都能符合分析方法要求。实验结果表明,酸析效果较好的pH取值范围为2~4,考虑用酸的经济性和处理效果,选择pH=3作为最佳酸析条件;经过对酸析过程规律和原因的分析可得,硫酸、硝酸和磷酸对黑液处理效果较为理想,其中硫酸因其经济性被选为最佳,其色度、COD去除率分别为97.9%和66.1%,木质素的析出量为8.65 g/L。  相似文献   

12.
通过实践,介绍了在流动注射分析仪上如何设置分析方法的运行参数,以及如何确定到阀时间的经验。  相似文献   

13.
Heat rejection pressure plays an important role in designing a transcritical CO2 refrigeration system, and it has an optimal value to maximize the system’s coefficient of performance (COP). With a thermodynamic simulation model, the optimal heat rejection pressure is studied in the paper for an expander cycle, as well as conventional throttle valve cycle. The effects of compressor efficiency, expander efficiency, gas cooler outlet temperature, and evaporation temperature on the optimal heat rejection pressure are analyzed. It is the first time for a transcritical CO2 expander cycle that the optimal heat rejection pressure is correlated with the gas cooler outlet temperature and the evaporation temperature at given compressor efficiency and expander efficiency. The average deviation from the correlation to simulation results is less than 1.0%. The correlation provides a guideline to system development and performance optimization of a transcritical CO2 expander cycle.  相似文献   

14.
范爽  艾兆春 《环境技术》2014,(2):33-35,57
通过三坐标测量仪对机械加工零件的外锥和内锥进行测量分析。对一些通用量具无法测量的角度提供准确的数值。利用不确定度评定标准公式计算出三坐标测量角度的不确定度分析。经过三坐标测量仪的先进技术改变现代通用量具的测量方法,提高通用量具无法达到的高精度测量时代,为高精度测量提供了一种新的测量手段。  相似文献   

15.
Biosorption of zinc (II) ions onto pre-treated powdered waste sludge (PWS) was investigated using a completely mixed tank operating in fed-batch mode instead of an adsorption column. Experiments with variable feed flow rate (0.05-0.5 L h(-1)), feed Zn(II) ion concentrations (37.5-275 mg L(-1)) and amount of adsorbent (1-6 g PWS) were performed using fed-batch operation at pH 5 and room temperature (20-25 degrees C). Break-through curves describing variations of aqueous (effluent) zinc ion concentrations with time were determined for different operating conditions. Percent zinc removal from the aqueous phase decreased, but the biosorbed (solid phase) zinc ion concentration increased with increasing feed flow rate and zinc concentration. A modified Bohart-Adams equation was used to determine the biosorption capacity of PWS (q'(s)) and the rate constant (K) for zinc ion biosorption. Biosorption capacity (q'(s)=57.7 g Zn kg(-1) PWS) of PWS in fed-batch operation was found to be comparable with powdered activated carbon (PAC) in column operations. However, the adsorption rate constant (K=9.17 m(3) kg(-1) h(-1)) in fed-batch operation was an order of magnitude larger than those obtained in adsorption columns because of elimination of mass transfer limitations encountered in the column operations. Therefore, a completely mixed tank operated in fed-batch mode was proven to be more advantageous as compared to adsorption columns due to better contact between the phases yielding faster adsorption rates.  相似文献   

16.
文章通过对内蒙古中西部地区沙生灌木的成分分析,基于生命周期法(LCA),定量论证了沙生灌木直燃发电开发模式对环境的影响和推广的可行性,指出相比石油等传统能源,这种模式具有较大的潜在效益,对于我国发展绿色替代能源,促进西部地区生态环境和经济协调发展具有一定的战略意义。  相似文献   

17.
Student scientists have analyzed groundwater used for drinking water in rural areas to understand groundwater quality. This was part of a greater effort to understand risks to drinking water. The data produced by middle level and high school students have not been accepted by experts because of concerns about method and student accuracy. We assessed the inherent errors associated with method accuracy, student precision, and sample variability to establish bounds for attainable trueness in water analyses. Analytical test kits and probes were evaluated for the determination of pH, conductivity, chloride, hardness, iron, total soluble metals, and nitrate. In terms of precision, all methods met or exceeded design specifications. Method trueness was variable and in general ranged from good to poor depending on method. A gage reproducibility and repeatability analysis of instrumental methods (pH and conductivity) partitioned the variances into student error (12‐46%), instrumental error (8‐21%), and random error (45‐68%). Overall, student‐generated data met some of the quality objectives consistent with the method limitations. Some methods exhibited a systematic bias and data adjustment may be necessary. Given good management of the student analyst process, it is possible to make precise and accurate measurements consistent with the methods specifications.  相似文献   

18.
聚合物驱采出水处理工艺研究   总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7  
聚合物驱油技术在大庆油田得到广泛应用,由于采出水粘度大、油珠粒径小,其处理难度大于油田常规水驱采出水。通过对聚合物驱采出水的特性分析,并在现场分别进行了以横向流除油器(串联DTH聚结器)和水力旋流器为主体的工艺试验。其工艺参数分别为:横向流除油器和DTH聚结除油器的处理量均为85 m3/h,有效停留时间为2.4 h。过滤器为石英砂、磁铁矿双层滤料,处理量为20 m3/h,过滤周期24 h,反冲洗时间为15 min,一次和二次过滤的滤速分别为12 m3/h和8 m3/h。试验结果表明:两种工艺均可代替现有的沉降过滤工艺处理聚合物驱采出水。  相似文献   

19.
ABSTRACT: Electronic instruments are increasingly being used to gather water quality data. Quality assurance protocols are needed which provide adequate documentation of the procedures followed in calibration, collection, and validation of electronically acquired data. The level of precision of many data loggers exceeds the technology which is commonly used to make field measurements. Overcoming this problem involves using laboratory quality equipment in the field or enhanced quality control at the time of instrument servicing. Time control procedures for data loggers are needed to allow direct comparisons of data between instruments. Electronic instruments provide a mechanism to study transient events in great detail, but, without time controls, multiple loggers produce data which contain artifacts due to timing errors. Individual sensors deployed with data loggers are subject to different degrees of drift over time. Certain measurements can be measured with defined precision and accuracy for long periods of time, while other sensors are subject to loss of both precision and accuracy with increasing time of use. Adequate quality assurance requires the levels of precision and accuracy be documented, particularly those which vary with increasing time deployment.  相似文献   

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