"风水学"思想精华对现代景观规划理论的启示

本文着重在“风水学”思想哲学层次上探讨了其对现代景观规划理论的启示;指出了两者的共同内核一“天人合一”和基本思想一整体的协调,并在此过程中对两者的理论基础进行了再认识。     

看“风水”风生水起

"风水"是文化?是科学?是迷信?暂且将争议搁置一边,不容争辩的事实是,如今"风水学"正大行其道。从故弄玄虚的巫婆神汉,到名噪一时的大学教授,从头脑精明的房地产商到头戴乌纱的禄俸官员,从鼓吹周易玄学的学者到普通寻常的百姓人家,越来越多的人公开对风水表达溢美之词。正是因为"风水"的大行其道,"风水学"进大学课堂才引来了诸多热烈的关注,其中不乏口诛笔伐的声讨。近期武汉科技大学分校"建筑与风水"选修课引发的激辩热潮尚未退去,安徽大学社会学系的"风水"选修课却在低调地保持一贯的课程进度。去年年初,这里曾是"风水"进大学课堂激辩热潮的引爆点。自1996年东南大学推出"建筑风水"课程至今,"风水学"步入国内高校已有十几年了。其间,争议之声不绝于耳。风水课备受争议,恰恰折射出"风水学"当下的尴尬地位。     

风水,健康的一道阳线

说起风水,总让我们将之与迷信联系起来,然而事实并不如此。在国外,东方的风水学正逐渐被人们所认知,并得到了发展,科学家正试图从科学上重新解释“新兴风水学”。现代风水学是一门综合科学,它与医学、建筑学、环境科学等息息相关。简要地说,它就是一门教你如何科学生活的学科。     

风水与环境

“风水”的基本思想是“天人合一”，它重视人与自然的内在联系，崇尚自然，尊重环境。本文旨在通过现代科学的阐述，从环境学的角度来看待风水与人的关系，挖掘风水中的科学精髓，让其能更好的为时所用。     

呈坎:神秘的风水古村落

初到呈坎,令人惊叹的是她的古朴厚重,令人深思的是她的风水八卦。呈坎,对于我们来说,是一个永远神秘而美丽的梦,是一个成为徽州乃至中国村落建设史上留下的千古之迷,更是一个在经历了千年的沧海桑田之后,依然值得后人研究中国风水学的古村落。     

垃圾填埋场选址与风水选址浅析

通过对风水理论中关于选址要素的科学阐述，从自然环境和社会环境两个方面分析了风水选址和垃圾填埋场选址的共通与不同之处，并根据风水理论中“天人合一”的和谐理念，提出了在填埋场选址过程中，应该融入崇尚自然，尊重自然；结合实际，因地制宜；整体系统；以人为本，和谐构建等原则。     

风水与灾祸

“风水”之说。似乎是源于旧中国的一种迷信,意为住宅基地或坟地周围的风向水流等形势,能招致住者或葬者一家的祸福。其实,“风水”的说法不仅中国有,东欧、非洲和南美的某些国家也流行,不过都不同程度地蒙着某种玄而又玄的神秘色彩罢了。据说,波兰华沙市有一条街道,它以交通事故频频而著称,几乎成了华沙的“百慕大”。司机一进入这条街,就会感到不适,精力分散,失去控制。说这条街“风水”不好,似乎是一种迷信,但原因又何在呢?经专家考察,发现这条     

"绿色学校"辨析

本文分析了当下的“绿色浪潮”中“绿色”的语义，认为目前流行的“绿色思想”主要来源于西方．并且不限于环境保护的主题：在此基础上．本文进一步讨论了“绿色学校”的内涵，提出“绿色学校”应当超越传统环境教育的苑畴．提升到可持续发展教育的新层面。为此．“绿色学校”需要从学校工作的不同方面及其模式进行反思，调整到可持续发展教育的方向上来。     

走近"东方多瑙河"

在全部21份有效问卷中，对“您对该项目是否了解”，回答“了解”的占13人、“一般了解”和“不了解”均占4人；对“该项目对自然环境的负面影响”，回答“影响大”的占6人、“影响一般”的占5人、“影响小”的占10人；对“该项目对社会环境的正面影响”，回答“影响大”的占12人、“影响一般”的占5人、“影响小”的占4人；对“您对该项目是否支持”，回答“支持”的占6人、“中立”的占5人、“不支持”的占10人。在“您对环境保护的建议”栏内，被调查者提出了诸如减小对局部生态环境影响等一些很好的建议。3．调查内容（1）自然及社会环…     

"物化-生化"及"生化-物化"工艺在印染废水处理中的选择

在印染废水处理的传统工艺中,“先物化后生化处理”和“先生化后物化处理”两种工艺都相当成熟且应用广泛。本文通过对印染废水处理中两个典型工程实例的分析,总结出了这两种工艺的优缺点及适用性。     

袋式除尘技术的应用及发展

论述了袋式除尘技术在节能减排中的作用；介绍了我国袋式除尘技术目前的应用水平及存在的问题；提出了袋式除尘技术和产业的发展方向。     

社会主义新农村建设与农村生态环境问题

社会主义新农村建设是我们党在新时期着手解决“三农”问题的重大举措，它是我国农村改革开放以来第二次重大的变革，目标明确，任务艰巨。长期以来，我国农业生产总体水平不高，为求得更多的农牧业生产量，而牺牲了生态环境，其代价异常沉重。城镇发展过渡靠农业、城乡经济二元结构矛盾日益尖锐，反应在生态环境上更为突出。治理农业生态环境问题，已成为社会主义新农村建设的重要课题。     

Exporting dams: China's hydropower industry goes global

In line with China's "going out" strategy, China's dam industry has in recent years significantly expanded its involvement in overseas markets. The Chinese Export-Import Bank and other Chinese financial institutions, state-owned enterprises, and private firms are now involved in at least 93 major dam projects overseas. The Chinese government sees the new global role played by China's dam industry as a "win-win" situation for China and host countries involved. But evidence from project sites such as the Merowe Dam in Sudan demonstrates that these dams have unrecognized social and environmental costs for host communities. Chinese dam builders have yet to adopt internationally accepted social and environmental standards for large infrastructure development that can assure these costs are adequately taken into account. But the Chinese government is becoming increasingly aware of the challenge and the necessity of promoting environmentally and socially sound investments overseas.     

Economics of "essential use exemptions" for metered-dose inhalers under the Montreal Protocol

The Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer has led to rapid reductions in the use of ozone-depleting substances worldwide. However, the Protocol provides for "essential use exemptions" (EUEs) if there are no "technically and economically feasible" alternatives. An application that might qualify as an "essential use" is CFC-powered medical metered-dose inhalers (MDIs) for the treatment of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and the US and other nations have applied for exemptions in this case. One concern is that exemptions are necessary to ensure access to medications for low-income uninsureds. We examine the consequences of granting or withholding such exemptions, and conclude that government policies and private-sector programs are available that make it economically feasible to phase out chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) in this application, thereby furthering the global public health objectives of the Montreal Protocol without compromising the treatment of patients who currently receive medication by means of MDIs.     

全国党校(行政学院)系统学习贯彻习近平生态文明思想理论研讨会综述

2018"全国党校(行政学院)系统学习贯彻习近平生态文明思想理论研讨会"成功召开,达成了至少以下三方面的共识:首先,习近平生态文明思想发源于福建,发展和成熟于浙江,是习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想最富原创性的成果之一。这一重要思想体现了"一脉相承",体现了对马克思主义理论和我国传统文化的继承与发展。其次,生态文明建设的"四梁八柱"已搭建完成,下一步的重点在于如何落实。从地方推进改革的战略维度,关键要坚持与强化党的全面领导,着力解决突出环境问题,推进绿色发展主导,优化国土空间开发规划,注重制度建设与创新引领。最后,生态文明建设领域的学科建设与教学培训尚处于起步阶段。与会学者提出了几组反映中国经验及其逻辑和特征的核心概念或实践探索,包括生态系统生产总值(GEP)核算、生态产品的内涵及其价值实现,以及自然资源资产负债表编制等。     

Adaptive management for a turbulent future

The challenges that face humanity today differ from the past because as the scale of human influence has increased, our biggest challenges have become global in nature, and formerly local problems that could be addressed by shifting populations or switching resources, now aggregate (i.e., "scale up") limiting potential management options. Adaptive management is an approach to natural resource management that emphasizes learning through management based on the philosophy that knowledge is incomplete and much of what we think we know is actually wrong. Adaptive management has explicit structure, including careful elucidation of goals, identification of alternative management objectives and hypotheses of causation, and procedures for the collection of data followed by evaluation and reiteration. It is evident that adaptive management has matured, but it has also reached a crossroads. Practitioners and scientists have developed adaptive management and structured decision making techniques, and mathematicians have developed methods to reduce the uncertainties encountered in resource management, yet there continues to be misapplication of the method and misunderstanding of its purpose. Ironically, the confusion over the term "adaptive management" may stem from the flexibility inherent in the approach, which has resulted in multiple interpretations of "adaptive management" that fall along a continuum of complexity and a priori design. Adaptive management is not a panacea for the navigation of 'wicked problems' as it does not produce easy answers, and is only appropriate in a subset of natural resource management problems where both uncertainty and controllability are high. Nonetheless, the conceptual underpinnings of adaptive management are simple; there will always be inherent uncertainty and unpredictability in the dynamics and behavior of complex social-ecological systems, but management decisions must still be made, and whenever possible, we should incorporate learning into management.     

中美石油资源法律制度比较研究

石油和天然气是国民经济运行与发展的“血液”，但出于种种原因，我国目前尚未出台专门规范整个油气行业领域的《石油天然气法》，只有一些位阶较低、效力有限的行政性规章与政策。通过研究美国石油天然气法律的具体制度安排，结合我国油气资源的现行制度与政策，为我国油气资源法律制度的完善提出建议。