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针对镇江金山湖备用水源,考察混凝、预氧化、预氯化、粉末活性炭吸附以及与预氧/氯化联用工艺对天然原水三卤甲烷生成潜能(THMFP)和UV254的去除效果。结果表明,3种无机盐混凝剂中三氯化铁去除效果最好,且去除效果随投加量增大而提高;高锰酸钾预氧化在低投加量时可取得良好效果,增大投加量去除率降低;次氯酸钠预氯化会产生大量THMs,不宜单独使用;粉末活性炭吸附去除效果分别随时间和投加量增加而增大;预氧/氯化与粉末活性炭联用工艺去除率最高(60%),且活性炭吸附可大大减少预氯化产生的THMs。 相似文献
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《四川环境》2018,(5)
以苯酚为目标污染物配制模拟石化废水,采用化学共沉淀法将铁氧化物负载在粉末活性炭上以提高粉末活性炭与处理水的分离效果,研究磁性活性炭(FPAC)催化臭氧氧化系统对目标污染物的处理效果。考察了臭氧流量、初始p H和磁性活性炭投加量对处理效果的影响以及磁性活性炭在多次使用后的稳定性。并对磁性活性炭进行SEM、EDX、BET以及BJH分析。结果表明:铁氧化物被成功的负载在粉末活性炭上,磁性活性炭在10min之内完全与处理水分离。在25℃,苯酚初始浓度为200mg/L、初始p H为9时、磁性活性炭投加量为3g/L和臭氧流量为0. 8L/min的条件下反应30min,催化系统的苯酚去除率为99. 80%。磁性活性炭重复使用6次后,对苯酚的去除率仍可达到98. 87%。 相似文献
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针对炼化企业循环排污水中有机污染物浓度不能满足脱盐处理工艺进水水质要求的问题,开展了臭氧氧化-活性炭吸附工艺去除循环排污水中有机污染物的研究。通过对两种处理工艺进行不同组合的实验结果得知:当反应时间控制在最佳值,臭氧氧化和活性炭吸附单独处理循环排污水时,COD去除率分别约为27%和20%,处理效率偏低;当两种工艺组合后,在臭氧浓度为12 mg/L、氧化时间20 min、吸附时间为10 min时,COD去除率则达到52%,组合工艺协同作用效果明显。 相似文献
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为解决水资源紧缺问题,提高工业水资源的利用率,减少污水排放,采用臭氧催化氧化—活性炭吸附—石灰软化的工艺组合,深度处理炼油厂中二级处理达标排放的污水,探讨最佳工艺参数的选择,进行二级出水回用于循环冷却水的试验研究。试验表明:在臭氧氧化接触时间为40min,活性炭柱吸附通水流量为2L/h,石灰乳投加量0.32g/L、碳酸钠溶液0.06~0.10g/L、石灰软化搅拌15~20min,能使整套工艺达到最佳处理效果。小试阶段COD、氨氮、总硬度及总碱度的去除率分别达到96.00%、44.49%、64.61%、67.85%,硫酸根和氯离子均有所下降,通过整套工艺深度处理后,所得中水可作为循环冷却系统补充水。 相似文献
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采用臭氧-生物活性炭工艺,分别选取新炭、一年炭及三年炭,考察臭氧投加量及炭龄对污染物去除效果的影响。结果表明,臭氧投加量为1.0 mg/L时,三种炭龄活性炭在工艺运行过程中对有机物具有较好的去除效果,新炭对有机物的去除效果明显优于一年炭和三年炭,CODMn和UV254去除率分别达54%和69%;一年炭去除效果略高于三年炭;三种炭对于NH4+-N的去除效果都很好,新炭处理效果最优;出水中污染物浓度满足饮用水水质标准要求。 相似文献
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以烃类总浓度为92 880mg/kg老化含油污泥为研究对象,考察了5种不同氧化剂对老化含油污泥氧化30d后所含烷烃类和多环芳烃类物质的氧化效果。结果表明,老化含油污泥氧化处理后,各氧化剂对烷烃物质C_(10)~C_(14)去除率均高于50%,芬顿试剂去除率最高达到63%;对于C_(15)~C_(28)和C_(29)~C_(36),高锰酸钾去除效率最高,分别为36%和43%。老化含油污泥经高锰酸钾处理后,菲、芘和含量分别为4.5,2.1和2.5mg/kg。高锰酸钾对含油污泥中烷烃和多环芳烃类均有较高去除率。 相似文献
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以高浓度氮磷模拟废水为处理对象,通过静态实验研究了MAP法(磷酸铵镁法)与沸石吸附组合工艺的脱氮除磷效果。以MAP法除磷脱氮后的出水作为沸石吸附过程的进水,最终出水的氮、磷去除率可达86.69%和99.9%,且在MAP反应过程中采取较高的pH值和Mg^2+浓度有利于后期沸石对氮、磷的吸附去除。 相似文献
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高锰酸钾氧化技术是提高混凝工艺去除有机污染物的有效途径之一。与其他方法相比,采用高锰酸钾氧化法作为混凝工艺的前处理工艺具有反应速度快、处理效率高、适用范围广等优点。实验采用高锰酸钾强化混凝处理生化尾水,考察了高锰酸钾投加量、反应时间、反应pH以及不同混凝剂组合的因素的影响。结果表明,COD,TOC,UV254等污染物的去除率随着高锰酸钾投加量的增加而增加;在高锰酸钾投加量小于12 mg/L时,反应时间不应大于40 min;高锰酸钾对有机物的去除存在最优的pH,pH在6~7范围内,有机物去除率较高;高锰酸钾与不同混凝剂组合工艺相比于单独投加高锰酸钾或直接混凝剂混凝,COD去除率明显提高。高锰酸钾与聚合氯化铝组合混凝工艺对有机污染物的去除效果较其他组合工艺好。 相似文献
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Aaron Barkoh Dennis G. Smith Gregory M. Southard 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》2010,46(1):161-169
Barkoh, Aaron, Dennis G. Smith, and Gregory M. Southard, 2010. Prymnesium parvum Control Treatments for Fish Hatcheries. Journal of the American Water Resources Association (JAWRA) 46(1):161-169. DOI: 10.1111/j.1752-1688.2009.00400.x Abstract: In 2001, the ichthyotoxic microalga Prymnesium parvum caused massive fish kills and adversely affected fish production at the Texas Parks and Wildlife Department (TPWD) Dundee State Fish Hatchery. Since then, we have investigated several P. parvum bloom and ichthyotoxicity control treatments to develop management strategies that allow fish production and prevent the spread of the alga into unaffected hatcheries and impoundments. Current control successes include treatments for ponds, water supply, and a hazard analysis and critical control point program. For pond treatment, ammonium sulfate (as 0.14-0.25 mg/l un-ionized ammonia nitrogen for temperatures above 15°C), copper sulfate (2 mg/l), Cutrine®-Plus (0.2-0.4 mg/l as copper), or potassium permanganate (3 mg/l above the potassium permanganate demand) controls P. parvum blooms. Copper sulfate at 1 mg/l controls P. parvum but is unable to eliminate ichthyotoxicity whereas potassium permanganate at 2 mg/l above the potassium permanganate demand controls ichthyotoxicity. For water treatment, ultraviolet (UV) light at 193-220 mJ/cm2 doses or ozone at 0.4-1.2 mg/l for 6 min destroy P. parvum cells and reduce or eliminate ichthyotoxicity. A combination UV and ozone treatment appears to provide the best results; however, successful treatments depend on dosage relative to cell density and toxin concentration. To prevent the spread of the alga, hatchery fish delivery units and equipment are cleaned with household bleach (10% solution for 15 minutes) or hydrogen peroxide (62.5-12,500 mg/l for 0.25-24 hours). These treatments are tailored to water quality conditions and the fish species cultured at affected TPWD hatcheries. We recommend that other users test these treatments before applying them to ponds or other impoundments containing fish or other aquatic life. 相似文献
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在高锰酸盐指数的测定中,干扰最为严重且难以消除的是氯离子(Cl-)的影响。高浓度氯离子的干扰会导致测定结果偏差大,无法界定高锰酸盐指数是否达标。对高含氯水样高锰酸盐指数测定新方法(改进的高锰酸盐指数法)的实验研究结果表明,在采用标准高锰酸钾法对高含氯水样进行的高锰酸盐指数测定中,利用稀释方法,在碱性条件下用硫酸锰作催化剂,可以避免氯离子的干扰,提高了高锰酸钾对有机物的氧化率,能真实地反映水样中有机物的污染程度。 相似文献
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碘化钾碱性高锰酸钾法测定化学需氧量有关问题的释疑 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
最常见的化学需氧量(COD)的测定方法是铬酸钾法和高锰酸钾法。但用上述两种方法测定废水中COD时易受到氯离子的干扰。为此,提出了用“碘化钾碱性高锰酸钾法”消除氯离子干扰的机理。对碘化钾高锰酸钾法验证的结果表明,该方法适用于测定油气田和炼化企业高氯、低氯废水的COD。求出用碘化钾高锰酸钾法与铬酸钾法测定的COD比值,可将碘化钾碱性高锰酸钾测定法的CODOH.KI换算成铬酸钾法的CODCr值来衡量水体的有机物污染情况及判断废水是否达到排放标准。 相似文献
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Raman K. Raman Ralph L. Evans 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》1985,21(2):315-321
Johnson Sauk Trail Lake remains highly eutrophic, even though the watershed has long been returned to an undisturbed condition with permanent vegetative cover and with little or no land disturbance in the watershed. Internal regeneration of nutrients has been identified as the major source of nutrients to the lake. Lake destratification, selective harvesting and removal of weeds, and control of algal blooms using chelated copper sulfate application followed by potassium permanganate application have all been chosen as management techniques for improving water quality conditions in the lake. These in-lake techniques are considered not as palliative measures, but as necessary tools in enhancing the lake's water quality characteristics. 相似文献
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Ahmed Elsayed Raya K. AL-Dadah Saad Mahmoud Waseem Kaialy 《International Journal of Green Energy》2018,15(5):277-285
Commercially available adsorption cooling systems use water/silica gel, water/zeolite and ammonia/ chloride salts working pairs. The water-based pairs are limited to work above 0°C due to the water high freezing temperature, while ammonia has the disadvantage of being toxic. Ethanol is a promising refrigerant due to its low freezing point (161 K), nontoxicity, zero ozone depletion, and low global warming potential. Activated carbon (AC) is a porous material with high degree of porosity (500–3000 m2/g) that has been used in wide range of applications. Using Dynamic Vapour Sorption (DVS) test facility, this work characterizes the ethanol adsorption of eleven commercially available activated carbon materials for cooling at low temperature of ?15°C. DVS adsorption results show that Maxsorb has the best performance in terms of ethanol uptake and adsorption kinetics compared to the other tested materials. The Maxsorb/ethanol adsorption process has been numerically modeled using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and simulation results are validated using the DVS experimental measurements. The validated CFD simulation of the adsorption process is used to predict the effects of adsorbent layer thickness and packing density on cycle uptake for evaporating temperature of ?15°C. Simulation results show that as the thickness of the Maxsorb adsorbent layer increases, its uptake decreases. As for the packing density, the amount of ethanol adsorbed per plate increases with the packing density reaching maximum at 750 kg/m3. This work shows the potential of using Maxsorb/ethanol in producing low temperature cooling down to ?15°C with specific cooling energy reaching 400 kJ/kg. 相似文献