共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 890 毫秒
1.
E. Battisti A. Albanese L. Bianciardi E. Piazza M. Rigato A. Vittoria G. L. Messa N. Giordano 《The Environmentalist》2007,27(4):441-445
Numerous studies have demonstrated the utility of extremely low frequencies (ELF) electromagnetic fields in the treatment
of pain. Moreover, the effects of these fields seems to depend on their respective codes. In our study we want to value the
effects and the safety of the TAMMEF (Therapeutic Application of a Musically Modulated Electromagnetic Field) system, which
field is piloted by a musical signal and its parameters are modified in time, randomly varying within the respective ranges,
so that all possible codes can occur during a single application. Ninety subjects, affected by chronic low back pain, were
enrolled in the study and randomly divided into three groups of 30 patients each: A exposed to TAMMEF, B exposed to ELF, C
exposed to a simulated field. All subjects underwent a cycle of 15 daily sessions of 30 minutes each and a clinical examination
upon enrolment, after 7 days of therapy, at the end of the cycle and at a follow-up 30 days later. All the patients of groups
A and B completed the therapy without the appearance of side effects: they presented a significant improvement of the subjective
pain and the functional limitation, which remained stable at the follow-up examination. In group C, there was no improvement
of the pain symptoms or articular functionality. This study suggests that the TAMMEF system is efficacious and safe in the
treatment of patients with chronic low back pain. 相似文献
2.
Antonietta Albanese E. Battisti G. Pompella A. Ghezzi A. Vittoria G. L. Messa A. L. Pasqui G. Campoccia L. Bianciardi N. Giordano G. Galassi 《The Environmentalist》2009,29(2):196-199
In our paper we studied the effects of exposure to ELF (extremely low frequency) or musically generated TAMMEF (therapeutic
application of musically modulated electromagnetic fields) electromagnetic fields on the tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α)
release induced by a lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from cultured human lymphomonocytes of peripheral blood. Lymphomonocytes, isolated
from blood donors buffy-coat, were prepared using standard techniques in cell culture flasks, kept in CO2 incubator, with controlled temperature and humidity for 5 days. Flasks were subjected to an ELF electromagnetic field (100 Hz
sinusoidal) or to TAMMEF electromagnetic fields (with intensity, frequency, and wave shape randomly modified in time, so that
all possible codes can occur during a single application). The TNF-α release was determined by ELISA test every 24 h for 92 h
and the results were evaluated by a non-parametric test. LPS induces a stronger TNF-α release in cultures that were subjected
to ELF when compared with cultures subjected to TAMMEF, at each time period of the experimental protocol. These results seem
to indicate that TAMMEF is able to induce a complex modulation of LPS-induced TNF-α release, a cytokine with pro inflammatory
property whose release during chronic or neoplastic inflammatory diseases has strong negative effects on several organ systems. 相似文献
3.
A. I. Fiaschi D. Cerretani E. Battisti L. Bianciardi N. Giordano A. Albanese 《The Environmentalist》2009,29(2):200-204
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common joint disorder, associated with loss of articular cartilage, osteophyte formation,
subchodral bone change, synovitis and characterized by chronic and often disabling pain and stiffness of one or more joints.
The pathogenesis of the disease is complex and still debated, even if recent studies have shown that reactive oxygen species
may participate in the initiation and progression of OA. Moreover, it is known that pulsed electromagnetic fields are useful
in the OA treatment, owing to their analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties. This work evaluated lipid peroxidation, glutathione,
and ascorbic acid levels in patients with OA of spine, before and after the application of a new electromagnetic system, the
TAMMEF (Therapeutic Application of a Musically Modulated Electromagnetic Field) system. In TAMMEF system, the extremely low
frequencies electromagnetic field is piloted by a musical signal and its parameters (frequency, intensity, waveform) are modified
in time, randomly varying within the respective ranges: so all possible codes can occur during a single application. Twenty
patients affected by OA of spine and 20 healthy subjects were enrolled in this study. Plasma levels of ascorbic acid (AA),
glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) (as index of lipid peroxidation) were determined in patients and controls, before
the beginning of treatment (first day of therapy) and at the end of cycle. All patients underwent a cycle of 10 daily sessions
of 30 min each. Our study showed a significant increase of MDA level and a significant decrease of both AA and GSH levels
in patients with OA compared to control group. These findings support the role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of
OA. After TAMMEF treatment in the OA group, analysis revealed a significant decrease in plasma MDA and AA levels (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01, respectively), no significant difference in GSH levels. Reduction in MDA level could be due to the decreased generation
of reactive oxygen species and/or to the increased detoxification activity mediated by GSH. No significant difference in GSH
levels, evidenced in OA patients after TAMMEF treatment, could be due to effect sparing of AA on GSH. Furthermore, a beneficial
symptomatic effect was observed in all patients. 相似文献
4.
A. Albanese E. Battisti N. Giordano A. Vittoria M. Rigato R. Leoncini D. Vannoni 《The Environmentalist》2011,31(2):176-180
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic degenerative condition involving the joints caused by metabolic changes in chondrocytes metabolism.
Treatment with magnetic fields (EMFs) produces benefits to patients affected by this pathology. The present research has the
aim to investigate, by a proteomic approach, the effect of magnetic fields on cultured chondrocytes, because EMFs interferes
greatly with OA chondrocytes metabolism. Human osteoarthritic chondrocytes were obtained from the femur head of osteoarthritis
adult patients and were cultured under standard conditions and exposed for precise times both to extremely low-frequency (ELF;
100-Hz) electromagnetic fields and to the Therapeutic Application of Musically Modulated Electromagnetic Fields (TAMMEF),
which are characterized by variable frequencies, intensities, and wave shapes. We tested the effects of the different exposure
by 2-DE analysis and demonstrated that chondrocytes metabolism was highly influenced by the treatment with EMFs; in fact many
proteins change their expression after the stimulation, but differently, depending on whether we use ELF or TAMMEF system. 相似文献
5.
Y. R. Mikayelyan N. S. Baghdasaryan A. K. Nikoghosyan S. V. Barseghyan S. N. Ayrapetyan 《The Environmentalist》2012,32(2):179-187
The effects of extremely low-frequency electromagnetic field (ELF EMF) and ELF-modulated millimeter waves (MMW) on physicochemical
properties of physiological solution (PS) at different environmental medium were studied. The existence of frequency “windows”
at 4 Hz and 8 Hz frequencies of ELF EMF and ELF-modulated MMW which have different effects on heat fusion period (HFP), hydrogen
peroxide (H2O2) formation and oxygen (O2) content of water solution and different dependency on temperature, background radiation (BGR) and illumination was shown.
The obtained data allow us to suggest that cell bathing medium serving as a target through which the biological effects of
ELF EMF and ELF-modulated MMW on cells are realized is extra sensitive to environmental factors. Therefore, the variability
of experimental data on EMF biological effects, obtained in different laboratories can be explained by different environmental
conditions of experiments, which very often are not considered adequately. 相似文献
6.
Although the biological effect of non-ionizing (NIR) and ionizing radiation (IR) on plant seed potential is well documented,
the mechanism of this impact is not clear yet. Since cell hydration, a fundamental parameter for determining cell function,
is magneto-sensitive, in present work, a comparative study of extremely low frequencies (ELF) electromagnetic field (EMF),
ELF EMF-modulated millimeter waves, and radiation exposure effects on winter wheat seeds water absorption and dry mass changes
was performed. The seeds were incubated in physiological solutions (PS) for 2 and 72 h. In case of 2-h incubation, the water
absorption determined by osmotic gradients between seeds and bathing medium, PS treated by all these factors leads to changes
of water absorption. While in case of 72-h incubation (when germination processes are in active state) these impact had reversed
character. The obtained data strongly suggest seeds bathing medium as a target through which the biological effects of NIR
and IR are realized. 相似文献
7.
Henrietta Nittby Arne Brun Susanne Str?mblad Mehri Kaviani Moghadam Wenjun Sun Lars Malmgren Jacob Eberhardt Bertil R. Persson Leif G. Salford 《The Environmentalist》2011,31(2):140-148
Since the late 1980s, our group has examined the effects of radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (RF-EMF), including pulse-modulated waves of the type emitted by mobile phones, upon the blood?Cbrain barrier. In more than 2,000 rats, we have repeatedly demonstrated a passage of the rats?? own albumin from the blood through the brain capillaries into the surrounding brain parenchyma at SAR values down to 0.1mW/kg. In most of these experiments, the animals were exposed in TEM-cells, ventilated by an external electrical fan at 50 Hz. In the present study, we examined whether the extremely low frequency (ELF) magnetic fields from the fan (50 Hz, 0.3?C1.5 ??T) might add to the RF effect. Sixty-four rats were divided into 4 groups: RF only, ELF only and RF + ELF exposure plus a sham group. The GSM-900 MHz RF exposure was at the very low, nonthermal, average whole-body SAR level 0.4 mW/kg. Demonstration of the normally occurring albumin extravasation in the basal hypothalamus is our inbuilt control proving that the staining is reliable. Two full series of staining of the whole material gave negative results for hypothalamus. Not until we changed to avidin, biotin, and antibodies from a third supplier, we received an acceptable staining. Twenty-five percent of the RF animals had a pathological albumin leakage, while the ELF and RF + ELF groups with three and two pathological findings, respectively, were not significantly different from the control group. We conclude that the use of external fans has had no major influence upon the result. 相似文献
8.
Mehri Kaviani Moghadam Saied Mohammad Firoozabadi Mahyar Janahmadi 《The Environmentalist》2008,28(4):341-347
In spite of growing concern about the influence of magnetic fields on biological systems, the interaction between extremely
low frequency magnetic field (ELF magnetic fields) and biological structures at the cellular level remains obscure. The aim
of this study was to investigate if 50 Hz magnetic fields could have an effect on the neuronal excitability and firing responses.
Under Current-Clamp condition, exposure to 50 Hz ELF magnetic fields at 2 mT or 0.8 mT intensities resulted in an increase
in the peak amplitude of action potential and after hyperpolaization potential in a time dependent manner. Both magnetic field
intensities decreased also the firing frequency and the duration of action potential. Taken together, these data suggest that
50 Hz ELF magnetic fields at 2 mT or 0.8 mT intensities may change the electrophysiological behavior of neuronal cells and
underlying ion channel currents. 相似文献
9.
Henrietta Nittby Bengt Widegren Morten Krogh Gustav Grafström Henrik Berlin Gustav Rehn Jacob L. Eberhardt Lars Malmgren Bertil R. R. Persson Leif G. Salford 《The Environmentalist》2008,28(4):458-465
We have earlier shown that radio frequency electromagnetic fields can cause significant leakage of albumin through the blood–brain
barrier of exposed rats as compared to non-exposed rats, and also significant neuronal damage in rat brains several weeks
after a 2 h exposure to a mobile phone, at 915 MHz with a global system for mobile communications (GSM) frequency modulation,
at whole-body specific absorption rate values (SAR) of 200, 20, 2, and 0.2 mW/kg. We have now studied whether 6 h of exposure
to the radiation from a GSM mobile test phone at 1,800 MHz (at a whole-body SAR-value of 13 mW/kg, corresponding to a brain
SAR-value of 30 mW/kg) has an effect upon the gene expression pattern in rat brain cortex and hippocampus—areas where we have
observed albumin leakage from capillaries into neurons and neuronal damage. Microarray analysis of 31,099 rat genes, including
splicing variants, was performed in cortex and hippocampus of 8 Fischer 344 rats, 4 animals exposed to global system for mobile
communications electromagnetic fields for 6 h in an anechoic chamber, one rat at a time, and 4 controls kept as long in the
same anechoic chamber without exposure, also in this case one rat at a time. Gene ontology analysis (using the gene ontology
categories biological processes, molecular functions, and cell components) of the differentially expressed genes of the exposed
animals versus the control group revealed the following highly significant altered gene categories in both cortex and hippocampus:
extracellular region, signal transducer activity, intrinsic to membrane, and integral to membrane. The fact that most of these
categories are connected with membrane functions may have a relation to our earlier observation of albumin transport through
brain capillaries. 相似文献
10.
Marko S. Markov 《The Environmentalist》2007,27(4):465-475
Magnetic and electromagnetic fields are now recognized by the 21st century medicine as real physical entities that promise
the healing of various health problems, even when conventional medicine has failed. Today magnetotherapy provides a non-invasive,
safe, and easy method to directly treat the site of injury, the source of pain and inflammation, and other types of diseases
and pathologies. Millions of people worldwide have received help in treatment of musculoskeletal system, as well as pain relief.
Pulsed electromagnetic fields are one important modality in magnetotherapy and recent technological innovations, such as Curatron
pulsed electromagnetic field devices, offer excellent, state of the art computer controlled therapy system. In this article
the development, state of the art and future of pulsed electromagnetic field therapy are discussed. 相似文献
11.
Marko S. Markov 《The Environmentalist》2007,27(4):457-463
The interest toward clinical application of magnetic and electromagnetic stimulation increases worldwide. Numerous publications
discussed the possibility exogenous magnetic and electromagnetic fields to initiate effects on various biological processes,
which are of critical importance for healing of different injuries and pathologies. Today, magnetic and electromagnetic fields
are increasingly utilized for treatment of various musculoskeletal injuries and pathologies. For musculoskeletal injuries
and post-surgical, post traumatic and chronic wounds, reduction of edema is a major therapeutic factor in the acceleration
of pain and stress relief, and thus contribute to healing processes. Electromagnetic and magnetic fields appear to be unique
in their safety during clinical use. The application of this new modality will be facilitated by searching for biophysical
mechanisms of action as well as by establishing exact dosimetry of application. In that respect basic science research needs
to be developed in parallel with clinical applications. Magnetotherapy provides a non-invasive, safe, and easy method to directly
treat the site of injury, the source of pain and inflammation, and other types of injury. Unfortunately, there are many obstacles
that magnetotherapy has to overcome—both from the mainstream medicine as well as from the manufacturers and distributors of
magnetic devices. The physical principle of magnetism as well as the physiological bases for the use of magnetic field for
tissue repair are subjects of this review. 相似文献
12.
Summary Since IARC classified ELF magnetic field as Possibly Carcinogenic to Human the fear from 50/60 Hz magnetic field exposure
had been increased to the state of public “panic”. Subsequently, environment quality preservation organizations increased
their pressure on their government to adopt the “precautionary principle” and to reduce the allowable ELF Magnetic Field exposure
to much lower values than are recommended by ICNIRP-1998. As an example the present Environmental Ministry in Israel recommendation
is to lower the ELF Field exposure to 10 mG averaged over 24 h.
As a result of this stringent exposure guideline imposed by the government, electrical engineers who are involved in the deployment
and installation of large and medium electrical utilities, such as overhead power lines, transformers, UPS systems, electrical
public transportation, switching stations, etc., are much more aware to the need to employ special measures and methods for
reducing the magnetic fields that might be emitted from such utilities.
There are few computer codes that are capable of analyzing with great accuracy magnetic and electric fields surrounding single
phase and three phase electrical utilities in a 3-D system. The best presentations of the analysis results are by equi-value
contours depicting electric and magnetic fields. This graphical presentation is a powerful design tool that enables better
deployment and installation design aided to reduce the magnetic field emissions from high-power electrical utilities.
This paper describes the various types of graphical presentations available for ELF field contours, the dependent and independent
variants and parameters, magnetic field animation for optimization of power line installation and routing, and finally an
example that demonstrates the usefulness of the graphical presentation tools. 相似文献
13.
G. Duranti A. Rossi N. Rosato G. Fazio G. Sacerdoti P. Rossi R. Falsaperla V. Cannelli R. Supino 《The Environmentalist》2005,25(2-4):113-119
Summary The biological effects of electromagnetic radiation at ultra high frequency on human keratinocytes were investigated. HaCaT
cell system, a spontaneously immortalized human keratinocytes cell line, was chosen as model since skin is usually exposed
to electromagnetic radiation at considered frequency more than inner tissues. HaCaT cells were exposed to a pure sinusoidal
field at a frequency of 900 MHz (average SAR levels ranging from 0.04 to 0.08 W/kg) in plane wave condition inside a GTEM
chamber for time intervals of 18 hours at a controlled temperature of 37∘C. Growth curves were obtained for exposed and control cells, and a reduction in the number of exposed cells in comparison
to unexposed ones was found; however the number of dead cells was not significantly different in exposed and unexposed samples.
In order to investigate whether the reduction in cell proliferation of exposed cells was due to the activation of a differentiative
process, the expression of two hallmarks of differentiation was examined. Both keratin 1 and involucrin expression was increased
in exposed in comparison to unexposed cells. These results suggest that this protocol of exposure to 900 MHz electromagnetic
field can trigger a differentiation program in HaCaT cells. 相似文献
14.
Summary Despite of decades of successful worldwide use of magnetic/electromagnetic field therapy, the answer to the question of possible
mechanisms of action is still lacking. Scientific reports of successful therapeutic use of magnetic/electromagnetic fields
are worldwide; however, our understanding of the underlying mechanism is limited. This paper presents a new hypothesis that
therapeutic benefit of magnetic fields might result from effects that originated on the level of important systems in human
body. It is known now that the life is an electromagnetic event in aqueous medium. Therefore, an appropriate choice of magnetic
and/or electromagnetic field may be expected to initiate systemic changes that result in efficacious effects distant from
the point of application. Observations of this phenomenon have been reported in at least two forms: (1) neutralization of
the pain experience distant to the point of magnetic field exposure; and, (2) various alterations of T-lymphocytes in response
to pain and to magnetic fields. Extrapolating these observations to the level of blood-vessel system, one might hypothesize
that a “healthy” cell does not respond as readily to the applied fields as do abnormal cells (which are in a disease or injury
state). 相似文献
15.
Gabi N. Waite Stéphane J. P. Egot-Lemaire Walter X. Balcavage 《The Environmentalist》2011,31(2):107-113
Over the past decades, strong evidence has accumulated that low-frequency electromagnetic fields (EMFs) can be useful in treating
human pathologies, such as bone fractures, soft tissue illnesses, and pain. Common strategies for the design of commercial
therapeutic devices are to generate EMFs that simulate body endogenous EMFs, or EMFs that resonate with a particular biological
process, such as the natural motions of ions. We recently came across a biologically active commercial EMF signal that seems
to be different. The signal is generated by summing the fundamental frequencies and harmonics of several periodic base signals
which remain proprietary to the company. When first examined in the time domain, the signal resembled electronic noise; however,
when critically analyzed, the signal is not identical with noise. Rather, it is a highly complex waveform exhibiting a very
wide range of values for the time derivative of the magnetic field density (dB/dt) and a beat frequency in the Extremely Low-Frequency
range. In this paper, we speculate on the mechanism of action of this and similar signals. We consider it less likely that
cells, or cell components, act like filters to extract and couple with individual signals that make up the complex EMF signal.
Consequently, we favor the possibility that with the signal discussed here cells respond to the very complex signal and that
the biological response can be modified by the presence of a beat in the signal, in this case a low-frequency beat. More generally,
this would suggest the hypothesis that biological processes can be regulated by noise-like signals and that the effects of
a noisy signal can be modified by the presence of signal repetition patterns, such as beats. Given the very small energy that
signals like these can transduce into a biological system, biological effects can be expected only when the molecular processes
involved are poised so that the available energy leads to molecular reactions that achieve the activation state for the reaction. 相似文献
16.
Marko S. Markov 《The Environmentalist》2011,31(2):89-96
Natural and man-made magnetic and electromagnetic fields are important factors in the contemporary life. The paper discusses
the role of environmental magnetic and electromagnetic fields in origin and evolution of life. A brief review of the characteristics
of Earth magnetic field, Earth magnetosphere, and their role as a shield for cosmic radiation follows. The role of endogenous
and exogenous magnetic fields is discussed in respect of the clarification of the potential hazard and benefit of electromagnetic
fields. The second part of the paper discusses the mechanisms of detection and response to exogenous electromagnetic fields,
as well as threshold versus window hypothesis for mechanisms of interactions. Finally, the necessity of accurate dosimetry
at the target site and the importance of relevant research and clinical protocols in studying biological responses are pointed
out. 相似文献
17.
This paper describes a multistage algorithm for efficient calculation of magnetic flux contours, for optimizing the design
of structural magnetic shielding. It is part II of the article presented in Pekar and Netzer (2006). The Environmentalist. The multi-stage algorithm enables albeit medium-power computer system to calculate the effect of shielding materials with
a given geometry, in a reasonable timeframe without compromising precision. The outcome results are a large number of electrical
utility models and the best cost-effective shielding materials and geometries for ELF magnetic flux reduction per Authority
regulations and requirements. This article reviews methods and principles for calculation of an extremely low frequency (50/60 Hz)
electromagnetic field originating from power utilities and power lines, for the purpose of constructing efficient magnetic
shielding. The paper points out difficulties in existing methods and proposes a new algorithm for analysis and construction
of magnetic shielding. 相似文献
18.
Marko S. Markov 《The Environmentalist》2009,29(2):169-176
During the last three decades the interest toward clinical application of magnetic and electromagnetic stimulation increased
worldwide. Numerous publications have discussed the possibility of exogenous magnetic fields to initiate beneficial effects
on various biological processes, which are of critical importance for healing of different injuries and pathologies. Today,
magnetic and electromagnetic fields are increasingly utilized for the treatment of numerous musculoskeletal injuries and pathologies.
For example, selected magnetic fields were reported to be beneficial in the treatment of musculoskeletal injuries and post-surgical,
post traumatic and chronic wounds, reduction of edema, in the acceleration of pain and stress relief, and thus contribute
to healing processes. The application of this modality could be facilitated by establishing the exact dosimetry of application
and by searching for biophysical mechanisms of action, as well. It should be remembered that “not all magnets are equal”,
therefore the specific medical problem requires a proper diagnostics, a selection of the magnetic field to be applied and
a design of the appropriate protocol for treatment. The paper advised that every study and report should carefully explain
both the medical problem and the parameters of the applied magnetic field and cautions against generalized statements like
“Magnetic field does/does not cause biological response”. 相似文献
19.
G. Hugh Sidaway 《The Environmentalist》2008,28(3):307-314
Exposure of small laboratory animals to power-frequency high-voltage electric fields was reported to have endocrinological
effects, including changes in pineal melatonin levels. It has been assumed that these results are directly attributable to
electric-field effects, but this article suggests that air ionization, produced by corona activity at the animals’ body surfaces,
may have been biologically active and could be relevant to the interpretation of some epidemiological and other studies. Although
presently a matter of dispute, there is evidence that atmospheric ionization may be biologically active and could provide
an alternative explanation for at least some apparent electromagnetic field interactions with biological subjects. Consideration
of the electricity utilization environment as a whole, rather than one selected component, could allow the introduction of
lower-cost, precautionary and putative hazard remediation measures. 相似文献
20.
Experimentally induced acute inflammation in rats is a good model system which includes the complexity and dynamics of the
processes; moreover there are many defined markers for following and estimating changes in an observed system. In this paper,
we discuss an in vivo model of acute inflammation induced by carrageenan. Carrageenan-induced paw edema is a model of non-infectious
acute inflammatory reaction to assess the contribution of mediators involved in vascular changes associated with acute inflammation
and potential treatments. A complex approach into the investigation of possible effects of static magnetic fields (SMF) action
on experimentally induced acute inflammation in rats (by measurements of the levels of specific stress markers) is very important
in understanding the possible inflammatory mitigation effects, pain relief, and oxidative stress state of an organism. This
approach could help for better understanding of the possible mechanisms of interaction of dynamic processes such as inflammation
healing and pain relief with external SMF (25 mT at 10, 20 and 30 min exposure time). Results indicate that SMF with B = 25 mT
for 30 min diminished the inflammatory process and decreased the levels of inflammatory markers (fibrinogen) and stress markers
(ACTH, Cor) into the blood plasma in rats as when compared with sham exposed animals. The exact mechanism by which SMF contributes
to the acceleration of inflammatory healing and decrease of inflammation markers in blood plasma in rats still remains unclear.
We assume that two possible mechanisms exist. One is the direct interaction of SMF with free active oxygen forms (free radicals)
affected by their membrane processes and related with the physiological functions. Another possible mechanism might be related
to dynamic regulation of inflammation healing process. 相似文献