共查询到10条相似文献,搜索用时 109 毫秒
1.
介绍了废印制电路板处理及资源化技术、废旧冰箱无害化处理及资源回收技术、电视电脑拆解处理设备、废线缆资源回收生产线等四项废旧电子电器产品资源化利用技术的原理、工艺流程、技术特点及应用案例、经济和社会效益。 相似文献
2.
Diane M. Perry Roberto Sanchez William H. Glaze Marisa Mazari 《Environmental management》1990,14(4):441-450
Foreign-owned industry in the form of assembly plants, termed maquiladora, has become very important in Mexico to the extent
that it represents the second largest source of foreign exchange and is a valuable source for employment and regional development.
The economic prosperity gained from the rapid growth of the maquiladora industry has been accompanied by increased environmental
and human health risks associated with generation of hazardous waste. Diversification of industry has resulted in the predomination
of those sectors that likely use hazardous substances. The Mexicali-Calexico border region was selected to demonstrate the
potential for environmental and health risks associated with the generation of hazardous waste. Estimates for the generation
of hazardous waste were obtained from 34 maquiladora plants in Mexicali, represented by the electronic and electrical equipment
and parts, mechanical and transportation equipment, and toys and sporting equipment sectors. Repeated detection of volatile
organic compounds in the New River at the US-Mexico border suggests that hazardous waste from the printed circuit board industry
in Mexicali is not being disposed of in a proper manner. Potential adverse health effects, such as carcinogenic and mutagenic
responses associated with the detected volatiles, are discussed. US and Mexico national legislation and the Binational Environmental
Agreement were examined for their adequacy to ensure proper management of hazardous waste generated by the maquiladora industry.
Environmental policy options are presented that focus on: (1) increased environmental accountability of US parent companies
for their maquiladora assembly plants in Mexico; and (2) more integration between US Customs and border states with the US
Environmental Protection Agency to improve the binational management of hazardous waste generated by the maquiladora industry. 相似文献
3.
以某再生资源公司的废旧电脑拆解为案例进行研究,介绍了工艺技术、拆解回收各种资源的数据。研究结果表明,我国废旧电脑人工拆解-破碎-冶炼相结合的工艺,是电子废弃物循环利用、资源高效回收、减少环境风险的较好工艺技术,符合固废处理的3R(替代、减少、优化)原则。 相似文献
4.
5.
Kwai-Sang Chin 《Journal of Environmental Planning and Management》1999,42(1):123-134
The worldwide trend of environmentalconcern has been driving manufacturers to strive to implement competitive strategies in environmental management.A study has been carried out to evaluate the initiatives and benefits/costs of implementing ISO 14000 Environmental Management System (EMS) standard (1996) in the Hong Kong PCB (printed circuit board) industry. The study found that manufacturers intended to implement the ISO 14000 based EMS to improve their environmental performance, and sustain their competitive position in the global market place. 相似文献
6.
The 2006 end-of-life vehicles (ELVs) directive target for the recycled and reused material content of an ELV has been undertaken using the current recovery infrastructure within the UK. The current expectation is that the conformance for the 2006 recycling target will be mainly achieved using existing post-fragmentation separation technologies rather than manually disassembling vehicles into their constituent materials. With the economic pressure of the current legislative targets weighing heavily on end-of-life stakeholders, and the further increase of recycling levels for 2015, it is important to understand “when” and “if” manual dismantling activities become economically viable within a dramatically changing vehicle recovery industry. This paper describes a method of costing the dismantling of specific makes and models of vehicle due for retirement in 2015, and discusses the economic implications of such practice and possible strategic directions for pre-fragmentation vehicle recovery. 相似文献
7.
Shunli Zhang Eric Forssberg Bo Arvidson William Moss 《Resources, Conservation and Recycling》1998,23(4):225-241
The amount of electronic scrap which contains a substantial portion of non-ferrous metals, primarily copper and aluminum, has been growing. The present study is directed toward aluminum recovery by a newly developed eddy current separator. The investigation on shredded personal computer and printed circuit board scrap demonstrates that the High-Force® eddy-current separator will be applicable for this purpose. It has been shown that, by a single pass of the materials on the High-Force® eddy-current separator, an aluminum concentrate out of personal computer scrap can be obtained with a purity of 85%, while maintaining a recovery in excess of 90%, with the feed rate being up to 0.3 kg/min. 相似文献
8.
Dennis Shoji 《环境质量管理》1995,5(1):71-76
Baxter Healthcare's Cardio Vascular Group (CVG) has formed a partnership with Advanced Environmental Technical Services (AETS, formerly called AETC), an 18-year-old environmental services company based in Flanders, New Jersey. With annual revenues of nearly $100 million, AETS is the largest privately owned environmental service company of its kind. Creating a partnership with providers of hazardous waste services has become necessary for many companies that find themselves downsizing and focusing their limited resources on their core businesses. More than merely waste haulers, hazardous waste management companies are being called on to train employees, develop environmental budgets, and even serve as on-site waste managers. AETS and Baxter Healthcare's CVG have created such a partnership and have successfully reduced Baxter's hazardous waste production by 56 percent since 1992. The lessons learned from this partnership are reported in this article. 相似文献
9.
In those states that have not included CWM as hazardous materials in their RCRA programs, the RCRA requirements for management
of hazardous waste would not strictly apply to any of the CWM. The Army has historically implemented procedures requiring
that chemical warfare agents be managed as RCRA hazardous waste regardless of the concentration, physical form, or configuration
of the agent. Such application of strict hazardous waste requirements to management of potentially nonhazardous CWM can result
in remedial costs well out of proportion to potential human health and environmental benefits. Recent development of chronic
toxicity values for the CWM has opened the door for development of cleanup and waste management standards for waste streams
or media containing small residual amounts of CWM. Implementation of this health-based approach to management of CWM remediation
wastes may, in part, help to reduce potentially unnecessary hazardous waste management costs for the nonhazardous CWM. 相似文献
10.
In an unequal society, undesirable wastes often end up in the poorest and least powerful communities, becoming part of the economic and environmental milieu of the inner city. Two contradictory responses to waste reflect contrasting theoretical paradigms. Some wastes can become assets in local economic development, creating incomes through scavenging, industrial jobs in recycling plants or new businesses using locally available materials. Other wastes are an assault on the community that receives them; toxic wastes, polluting facilities and industrial by-products often create local health hazards rather than development. Waste as an asset is consistent with the free market model of economics. The inner city, 'endowed' with waste materials and low-wage labour, has a comparative advantage in labour-intensive processing of materials that the rest of society has discarded. Waste as an assault on the community is consistent with a different model of environmental risk. Some by-products of industry are so hazardous that they should not be produced, or should be tightly regulated. Each model has a realm of validity; the balance between the two depends on which wastes are hazardous, and which are just ugly resources waiting to be discovered. 相似文献