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1.
3种人工湿地填料对磷的动态吸附特征   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
以河沙、页岩、石灰石等3种重庆常见基质为人工湿地填料,探讨了磷负荷和有机负荷对基质动态除磷效果的影响。结果表明,在同等磷负荷和有机负荷情况下,3种填料的去除效果依次为石灰岩(河沙(页岩;有机负荷对各填料除磷有重要的影响,随着有机负荷的增加,填料除磷率均有不同程度的降低。有机负荷对石灰岩除磷的影响较大,对河沙除磷的影响相对较小。  相似文献   

2.
不同水力负荷条件下的人工湿地污染处理效果分析   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
本文研究了水力负荷对抚仙湖北岸典型人工湿地净化河道污水处理效率的影响。研究表明,TN、TP及SS去除率随着水力负荷的增加而下降,COD去除率受水力负荷的影响程度相对较小。综合考虑水力负荷对氮磷、有机物及悬浮物等水质净化效果的影响,如果不考虑其它因素,仅从系统处理效果的角度选择水力负荷,人工湿地系统的最佳水力负荷为0.5 m3/m2·d以下。  相似文献   

3.
为了提高垂直流人工湿地对污水处理厂尾水脱氮除磷的效果,选择沸石、活性炭和牡蛎壳三种人工湿地填料在不同厚度和水力负荷下进行了研究。结果表明,三种填料单独使用时,牡蛎壳、活性炭、沸石分别对总磷、COD、氨氮有显著的去除效果。在活性炭∶牡蛎壳∶沸石=1∶2∶7配比使用时,水力负荷会影响人工湿地对污染物的去除效果,0.5 m~3/(m~2·d)水力负荷下各试验池对污水的处理效果最好,出水水质最为稳定,总氮总磷受水力负荷影响较大,氨氮与COD则受其影响较小。  相似文献   

4.
氮、磷在湿地基质中降解的机理研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
夏宏生  向欣 《四川环境》2012,31(2):78-84
湿地基质被看成是人工湿地处理污水的核心部分,通过科学实验,文章分析了人工湿地运行中氮、磷在沿程方向和纵向的基质中的分布,重点研究湿地基质对于氮、磷的净化作用,有利于进一步理清湿地基质降解氮、磷的机理。  相似文献   

5.
微生物对芦苇人工湿地除磷影响研究   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
凌云  林静  徐亚同 《四川环境》2009,28(5):41-43,49
以上海梦清园人工芦苇湿地为对象,在微生物制剂使用的同时研究了微生物对湿地除磷效果的影响。经过对近一年的数据分析表明,微生物的增加使总磷平均去除率达到20.9%,高于空白的18.3%。微生物的磷酸化作用使得出水磷更多以磷酸根形式表达,甚至使磷酸盐含量不降反升。底泥监测表明,微生物制剂的加入能有效的促进浮泥层中磷的转移,减缓浮泥层中磷的积累,10个月后试验组浮泥层的磷含量相对空白对照组可降低10%以上,菌剂对于减缓磷的积累,促进磷向基质转移有重要意义。  相似文献   

6.
人工湿地除磷技术   总被引:14,自引:0,他引:14  
夏宏生  汤兵 《四川环境》2005,24(1):83-86,123
人工湿地除磷技术,是近几年才发展起来的一种廉价有效的除磷新技术,可作为传统的污水除磷技术的有效替代方案,越来越受到各国的普遍重视和关注。在分析中,介绍了人工显地除磷的工作原理,详细叙述了人工湿地除磷技术的发展,并分析了其应用前景。  相似文献   

7.
研究了造粒粉煤灰的最大磷吸附量、磷吸附速率等吸附特征,以及颗粒粒径、磷浓度、水力负荷对景观水除磷效果的影响。还进行了为期21天的连续过滤试验,发现滤床在高水力负荷条件下能持续地去除景观水中的磷。  相似文献   

8.
基质在人工湿地处理生活污水中的研究现状   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
刘宏伟  张岩 《四川环境》2010,29(5):63-65,78
基质是人工湿地的重要组成部分,本文总结了基质对氮、磷的去除作用,并对解决基质的堵塞问题提出几点建议,最后总结基质的选择方法。  相似文献   

9.
生活废水生物除磷工艺研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
综述了生活废水生物除磷工艺的基本原理以及目前国内流行的几种除磷方法,并且探讨了生物除磷的影响因素,对新工艺做了假想。  相似文献   

10.
表面流人工湿地磷循环生态动力学模型及实现方法   总被引:6,自引:2,他引:4  
张军  周琪 《四川环境》2004,23(1):88-91
人工湿地做为一种高效低耗的新型污水处理工艺日益为人们所关注,特别是表面流人工湿地所特有的区域生态效益和脱氮除磷效果,但其污染物去除的内在机制并不为人们所完全掌握。本文详细地介绍了表面流人工湿地磷循环生态动力学模型的设计思想、具体结构、数学模式和实现方法,并对生物生长、死亡和土壤作用模块的各种不同实现方法傲了深入细致地分析探讨。结果表明人工湿地生态动力学模型由于假设歧义、实现方法不统一、模型参数测定手段的缺乏等因素的影响,导致其模拟结果的误差偏大,在表面流人工湿地多介质环境条件下多形态磷循环机理和多学科交叉研究方面还需要进行更深入、细致的工作,来对模型不断完善以推动对人工湿地污水处理工艺的完全掌握和科学应用。  相似文献   

11.
ABSTRACT: Phosphorus fluxes and water quality functions of a bottomland hardwood and freshwater marsh wetland soil were compared. The effect of soil physicochemical conditions, phosphorus loading rate, and diffusive exchange between soils and the overlying food water column on phosphorus release and retention were studied. The predominantly mineral swamp forest soil displayed greater phosphorus sorption potential than the organic freshwater marsh soil. Moreover, due to its low bulk density (0.11 g cm?3), the freshwater marsh soil surface area required for phosphorus retention is very large compared to the bottomland hardwood wetland soil. For both wetlands, soil redox status affected P release and assimilatory capacity. The more reducing the soils, the smaller their phosphorus retention capacity (greater their release). Phosphorus removal from the overlying water column into the wetland soils followed a first-order kinetic model. Under similar hydrological conditions, phosphorus was found to diffuse 1.2 times faster to the bottom. land hardwood soil than in the freshwater marsh soil. Results indicate that while the bottomland hardwood wetland soil will serve as a sink for phosphorus entering such wetland, phosphorus will be released and exported from the freshwater marsh soil into adjacent ecosystems.  相似文献   

12.
ABSTRACT: The objective of the study was to evaluate alternative land developments around New Hampshire lakes. Alternative development patterns, evaluated by their impacts on the lake area environment and area economy, included residential patterns, commercial patterns, and combinations of these two types. Phosphorus loading of the lake water was used as a proxy variable for changes in the lake water quality. Commercial developments yielded the highest revenues to the town and the local area. It also attracted the most lake users to the area as well as contributing the largest phosphorus loading in the lake waters. Residential developments, although contributing high revenues to the businessmen in the area, yielded less net income to the town. Phosphorus loading levels from residential developments were much lower than lake phosphorus loading by commercial developments.  相似文献   

13.
城市污水除磷技术发展   总被引:8,自引:4,他引:8  
侯红娟  周琪 《四川环境》2004,23(6):41-44,49
磷是水体富营养化的一个主要限制因素,控制出水中磷的浓度尤其重要。污水除磷方法有生物除磷、化学除磷及生态除磷,也可将各种方法组合使用,如生物一化学除磷、生物一生态除磷等,实际应用中应根据具体情况选择适宜的除磷方法。  相似文献   

14.
Phosphorus loading from precipitation and more than a dozen tributaries of Big Beat Lake, Woman, was determined for the period from January to December 1978. Direct precipitation contributed 1120 kg·P·yr-1 (0.096 g P·m-2·yr-1) while tributary runoff contributed 21,560 kg for a total P loading of 1.84 g P·m-2 Rathbone creek, although accounting for only 4 percent of the hydro-logic input to Big Bear Lake, contributed >27 percent of the annual phosphorus load. Phosphorus loading increased with increased impervious geology and increased development. Nitrogen loading exhibited similar loading patterns. Big Beat Lake is currently eutrophic and is likely to remain eutrophic. Calculations based on Vollenweider's critical phosphorus loading concept indicated that tributary P-loading would have to be reduced by >95 percent to achieve mesotrophic conditions. The completion of Big Bear Dam created a “naturally” eutrophic re mix which dl require proper management to enhance its resource potential.  相似文献   

15.
ABSTRACT: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the performance of Spatially Integrated Models for Phosphorus Loading and Erosion (SIMPLE) in predicting runoff volume, sediment loss, and phosphorus loading from two watersheds. The modeling system was applied to the 334 ha QOD subwatershed, part of the Owl Run watershed, located in Fauquier County, Virginia, and to the 2240 ha watershed, Battle Branch, located in Delaware County, Oklahoma. Simulation runs were conducted at cell and field scales, and simulation results were compared with observed data. Runoff volume and dissolved phosphorus loading were measured at the Battle Branch watershed. Runoff volume, sediment yield, and total phosphorus loading were measured at the QOD site. SIMPLE tended to underestimate runoff volumes during the dormant period, from November to March. The comparison between observed and predicted dissolved phosphorus showed better correlation than for observed and predicted total phosphorus loading. Cell level simulations provided similar estimates of runoff volume and phosphorus loading when compared to field level simulations for both watersheds. However, observed sediment yields better compared with the values predicted from the cell level simulation when compared to field level simulation. Finally, results of model evaluation indicated that SIMPLE's predictive ability is acceptable for screening applications but not for site-specific quantitative predictions.  相似文献   

16.
介绍了天津市某城镇污水处理厂NPR工艺的特点及运行状况。通过对污水厂的运行监测数据分析,研究了该工艺在低温条件下处理城镇生活污水时的脱氮除磷效果。结果表明:NPR工艺具有一定的优异性,它能在降低能耗的前提下使系统COD和SS的去除率进一步降低,出水能达到中水回用标准,有利于污水的再生利用;低温影响NPR系统的硝化及反硝化率,低温下有机物的去除更易受到有机负荷的影响;温度对生物去除SS,COD和TP的效果影响不大,对NH3-N及TN的去除效果影响比较明显。低温下污水处理厂COD、SS、NH3-N、TN、TP的平均去除率分别为72.1%、94.9%、67.5%、55.1%、66.5%。  相似文献   

17.
ABSTRACT: Artificial and natural marshes were studied to determine changes in quality of polluted water passing through them. Phosphorus removal ranged from zero to 64%. Removals in the 35% range were common, however. Much of the phosphorus went into sediments and unharvestable plant parts. Harvesting vegetation removed 6% of the phosphorus put into the system. Accumulation of phosphorus during the growing season was about 20 g*m?2, much of which was flushed out after the onset of freezing weather. The amount of phosphorus flushed out can be prevented from entering a lake or stream by handling the marsh discharge in one of three ways; irrigate on land, lagoon to recycle later, treat conventionally if facilities are available.  相似文献   

18.
ABSTRACT A record snowfall of 55.8 centimeters occurred on December 1 and 2, 1974 in Portage County, Ohio. An early winter thaw melted the greater part of the snow by December 22, 1974, and a two-day rain fell from December 23 to December 25. These weather events provided an opportunity to compare snowmelt and rainfall contribution to runoff and phosphorus loading to the Twin Lakes Watershed. Phosphorus concentrations of the snow and rain were determined. Six lake inflows and two lake outflows were measured daily for volume and phosphorus concentration. The snow added 217,000 cubic meters of water and 2.2 kilograms of total phosphorus to the watershed. The rain added 74,000 cubic meters of water and 1.6 kilograms of total phosphorus. Total water discharge from the watershed during December was 244,537 cubic meters and total phosphorus output was 20.3 kilograms. The snow provided 49.9% of the discharge and 8% of the phosphorus whereas the rainfall contributed 28% of the discharge and 6% of the phosphorus. These results indicate that while snow is a significant source of water, it is not a large source of phosphorus. The greatest contribution of phosphorus comes from fine sediment carried by storm runoff.  相似文献   

19.
ABSTRACT: An export coefficient modeling approach was used to assess the influence of land use on phosphorus loading to a Southern Ontario stream. A model was constructed for the 1995–1996 water year and calibrated within ± 3 percent of the observed mean concentration of total phosphorus. It was found that runoff from urban areas contributed most to the loading of phosphorus to the stream. When the model was assessed by running it for the 1977–1978 water year, using water quality and land use data collected independently, agreement within ± 7 percent was obtained. The model was then used to forecast the impact of future urban development proposed for the watershed, in terms of phosphorus loading, and to evaluate the reduction in loading resulting from several urban best management practices (BMP). It was determined that phosphorus removal will have to be applied to all the urban runoff from the watershed to appreciably reduce stream phosphorus concentration. Of the BMP designs assessed, an infiltration pond system resulted in the greatest phosphorus load reduction, 50 percent from the 1995–1996 baseline.  相似文献   

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