共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 234 毫秒
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矿山酸性废水治理技术及其发展趋势 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
矿山酸性废水在很多国家和地区都造成了严重的环境污染。本文分析矿山酸性废水的成因、特点及危害,并总结了中和法、硫化法和微生物法等经济、实用的酸性矿山废水处理技术现状,并进一步阐述了酸性矿山废水治理技术的发展趋势。 相似文献
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本文阐述了运用地球化学防治矿山环境污染的基本原理和一些应用实例,介绍了矿山环境污染和地球化学的基本联系;阐述了地球化学勘查方法和对尾矿、废石以及矿山酸性废水的治理的应用;探讨了美国在矿床的地球化学背景和基准值、矿床地质—环境模型应用方面的先进经验,并针对国情提出了一些其它防治矿山环境污染的地球化学方法。 相似文献
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选矿厂三废利用与治理生产实践 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本介绍了水厂选矿厂产生的尾矿、废水、废气的现状及利用、治理方法和取得的经济效益。近几年来,为贯彻可持续发展战略,达到清洁生产的环保要求,加大了对三废利用与治理的技术攻关和资金投入,成功地实现了尾矿作为二次资源充分利用、废水不外排全部再利用、废气达标准放的目标,并取得良好的经济效益和社会效益。 相似文献
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详细介绍了一个老选厂自投产之初即建立尾矿废水闭路循环重复利用系统,结合管理,技术等措施强化污染源治理,节约用水,废水重复利用,实现尾矿废水零排放收到的显的经济和社会效益。 相似文献
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介绍了攀钢矿业公司选矿厂“尾矿全部过江入坝”和“尾矿高浓度输送”系统的两次攻关改造过程。通过改造,选矿厂最大限度地提高了尾矿入坝率,避免了环境污染,保存了大量尚难利用的贵重金属,有效地利用了废水资源,降低了能耗。在当今的环保和可持续发展要求下,作为大中型选矿企业,要改善选矿生产环境条件下,创造良好的社会效益和经济效益,实现可持续发展,就应加强“尾矿入坝”工作,为此必须搞好尾矿输送系统的改造。本对矿山系统尾矿输送的技术和管理有一一借鉴作用。 相似文献
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沉淀浮选法处理矿山含重金属废水技术初探 总被引:6,自引:1,他引:6
本文介绍了一种新的废水处理技术-沉淀浮选法处理矿山含重金属废水的性能,并对其净化机理作了探讨,还将其与传统的化学沉淀净化法作了比较,为矿山废水的治理及综合利用指出了一条切实可行的新途径。 相似文献
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James E. Crews 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》1973,9(3):567-576
ABSTRACT Twenty-seven watersheds in the Susquehanna River Basin are severely degraded by acid mine drainage pollution. Approximately 620 miles of significant tributaries as well as 230 miles of principal rivers are either sterile or intermittently degraded by acid slugs. As a result of the acid discharges, many uses of the streams, such as water supply and recreation, are precluded. In the past, acid mine drainage abatement programs did not look beyond the immediate problem area. No considerations were given to the blending effect of natural alkalinity in other streams. Since the abatement of acid mine drainage pollution is extremely costly, a method of minimizing these costs was needed. The systematic, cost-effectiveness approach, discussed in this paper presents such a method. This system allows the water resources planners to control the allocation of funds for maximizing the abatement of acid mine drainage. 相似文献
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Long-term evaluation of coal fly ash and mine tailings co-placement: A site-specific study 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Muluken B. Yeheyis Julie Q. Shang Ernest K. Yanful 《Journal of environmental management》2009,91(1):237-244
This study presents the results of a laboratory investigation conducted to evaluate the efficiency of coal fly ash to control the formation of acid mine drainage (AMD) from mine waste. Site-specific materials, coal fly ash from Atikokan Thermal Generating Station and mine tailings from Musselwhite mine, were mixed at different proportions for the investigation of the drainage chemistry and the optimal mix using static testing (acid–base accounting) and kinetic (column) testing. The acid–base accounting (ABA) results indicated that the fly ash possessed strong alkaline (neutralization) potential (NP) and could be used in the management of reactive mine tailings, thus ensuring prevention of AMD in the long-term. Column tests conducted in the laboratory to further investigate long-term performance of fly ash in the neutralization and prevention of acid mine drainage from tailings similarly showed that mixing fly ash with mine tailings reduces dissolution of many heavy metals from tailings by providing alkalinity to the system. It was found that a fly ash to tailings mass ratio equal to or greater than 15% can effectively prevent AMD generation from Musselwhite mine tailings in the co-placement approach. 相似文献
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González V García I del Moral F de Haro S Sánchez JA Simón M 《Journal of environmental management》2011,92(6):1509-1519
Thirty-five soil samples were taken from unconfined mine waste, stream sediments, and surfaces unoccupied by mining and presumably unaffected by it, in a sulphur-mining zone surrounded by carbonate material and characterized by a semi-arid climate with short torrential storms. These samples were analysed and the results compared to estimate the spread of pollution in the landscape and to assess potential environmental risk. The mean concentrations of S, Zn, Cd, Pb, and As in mine waste were between 3.5-fold (As) and 50-fold (S) greater than unaffected soils. Oxidation of S led to a sharp drop in pH, strong weathering of minerals, and solubilisation of the constituent elements, forming a toxic acidic mine drainage with highly concentrated pollutants that were discharged into the drainage channels. Successive acid mine drainage into the soil on the valley floor spreads acidification and pollution downstream. The high carbonate content in surrounding soils played an important role in the increase of the pH and precipitation of S, Pb, and Al of the affected soils. Meanwhile, high mobility of Zn, Cd and As under basic conditions and a low Fe concentration explain the broad spread of these elements, as high concentrations were detected in soil more than 2000 m from the source. Only the soil solutions from near the waste dump (first 500 m) were highly phytotoxic, and moderately phytotoxic from 500 to 1500 m away. The concentration of pollutants in the leachates was clearly higher than in soil solutions, even in the soils located over 2000 m from the source, implying that the size of the polluted area will increase with time. 相似文献
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对废弃煤矿矿井涌水的水化学特征及成因进行分析,可为保护矿区地下水环境提供理论支撑。基于地质背景,通过对比枯水季节川北高台原区废弃煤矿矿井涌水与背景泉点水化学指标,并采用聚类分析方法对矿井涌水中离子指标进行统计,进而对其特征及成因进行了研究。结果表明:地层中黄铁矿中硫元素氧化是矿井涌水水化学特征变化的开端,受研究区矿井涌水补给范围小,地下水短途径流等条件的控制,最终形成了铁质硫酸型水。低pH值的矿井涌水与围岩发生水岩反应,进一步改变其水化学特征,使其富集砷、镉、铜、锰、铅、硒、锌等微量元素。 相似文献
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Marcello RR Galato S Peterson M Riella HG Bernardin AM 《Journal of environmental management》2008,88(4):1280-1284
Continuous industrial development increases energy consumption and, consequently, the consumption of fossil fuels. Coal mineral has been used in Brazil as a solid fuel for thermoelectric generators for several years. However, coal exploitation affects the environment intensely, mainly because Brazilian coal contains excess ash and pyrite (iron disulfide). According to the local coal industry syndicate, the average annual coal run per mine is 6 million ton/year; 3.5 million ton/year are rejected and disposed of in landfills. Besides pyrite, Brazilian coal contains Mn, Fe, Cu, Pb, Zn, Ge, Se, and Co. Additionally, the water used for coal beneficiation causes pyrite oxidation, forming an acid mine drainage (AMD). This drainage solubilizes the metals, transporting them into the environment, making treatment a requirement. This work deals with the use of sedimented residue from treated coal mine drainage sludge to obtain inorganic pigments that could be used in the ceramic industry. The residue was dried, ground and calcined ( approximately 1250 degrees C). The calcined pigment was then micronized (D(50) approximately 2mum). Chemical (XRF), thermal (DTA/TG), particle size (laser), and mineralogical (XRD) analyses were carried out on the residue. After calcination and micronization, mineralogical analyses (XRD) were used to determine the pigment structure at 1250 degrees C. Finally, the pigments were mixed with transparent glaze and fired in a laboratory roller kiln (1130 degrees C, 5min). The results were promising, showing that brown colors can be obtained with pigments made by residues. 相似文献
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In mine water pollution abatement, it is commonly assumed that known mine waste sites are the major pollution sources, thus neglecting the possibility of significant contribution from other old and diffuse sources within a catchment. We investigate the influence of different types of pollution source uncertainty on cost-effective allocation of abatement measures for mine water pollution. A catchment-scale cost-minimization model is developed and applied to the catchment of the river Dalälven, Sweden, in order to exemplify important effects of such source uncertainty. Results indicate that, if the pollution distribution between point and diffuse sources is partly unknown, downstream abatement measures, such as constructed wetlands, at given compliance boundaries are often cost-effective. If downstream abatement measures are not practically feasible, the pollution source distribution between point and diffuse mine water sources is critical for cost-effective solutions to abatement measure allocation in catchments. In contrast, cost-effective solutions are relatively insensitive to uncertainty in total pollutant discharge from mine water sources. 相似文献
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Biological mine drainage treatment 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Drainage from sulphur mines contains a high concentration of ferrous iron and it is strongly acidic. The mechanism of acid mine drainage formation was briefly explained. As a case study, successful measures taken at the abandoned Matsuo mine, Iwate Prefecture, Japan, for preventing the pollution in receiving rivers was presented in this paper. The measures consisted of the construction works against pollution sources and the construction of a drainage treatment plant in which Thiobacillus ferrooxidans oxidizes ferrous iron under a low pH condition, and produced ferric iron is removed by sedimentation. Then, a laboratory-scale fluidized bed reactor using anion exchange resin as attaching material for the bacteria was examined in order to improve the efficiency of biological oxidation of ferrous iron. More than 90% of oxidation had been maintained for 2 months at 1 h of HRT, which suggests that the size of the oxidation tank could be reduced. 相似文献