Simultaneous determination of brominated phenols in soils

Brominated phenols （BPs）, a widely used group of emerging flame retardants, are important environmental contaminants and exhibit endocrine disrupting potential. Method for simultaneous determination of tetrabromobisphenol A （TBBPA）, tribromophenol （TBP）, dibromophenols （DBPs） and monobromophenols （MBPs） in soils using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis （GC/MS） was successfully developed. Cleanup methods for soil extracts including several solid-phase extraction cartridges and different elution solvents were compared and optimized. Florisil cartridge with dichloromethane as the elution reagent was selected for sample cleanup owing to its high and reproducible recoveries of the target analytes in soils. Derivatization conditions were tested and the optimal conditions were obtained with 20 μL silylation reagent at room temperature. The chromatographic separation was optimized with different columns and DB-XLB column was selected for its excellent separation of the analytes. The limits of detection for the target compounds were from 0.04 to 0.19 ng/g. Mean recoveries of the compounds from spiked soils exceeded 84% with a good reproducibility, excepting that the recovery of 2-bromophenol was relatively poor （lower than 55%） due to its instability. The developed method was applied to the determination of the BPs in the soils collected from e-waste sites. The contents of BPs in the soils were at ng/g levels with TBBPA and TBP the most frequently detected. To our knowledge, this is the first report for the simultaneous determination of TBBPA, TBP, DBPs and MBPs in soils.     

混合菌株对三溴苯酚的降解特性

为提高有害物质2,4,6-三溴苯酚（TBP）的有效生物降解效果,在比较了不同菌株对TBP的降解状况的基础上,着重考察了诱变菌株TBPY UMP-f与粘质沙雷氏菌株SMA混合降解TBP的效果.结果表明,混合菌株比单一菌株降解效果好.考察影响混合降解相关因素的结果表明,适宜条件为两菌接种比例1∶1,SMA适于在TBPY U...     

四溴双酚A和三溴苯酚对大型溞的急性和慢性毒性

为了明确四溴双酚A和三溴苯酚两种溴系阻燃剂对水生生物的生态危害,测定对比了四溴双酚A和三溴苯酚对大型溞的急性毒性(48h-LC50,48 h半数致死浓度)和慢性毒性(包括21 d繁殖量、内禀增长率、净生殖率毒性影响的EC5(5%效应浓度)或NOEC(最高无效应浓度)等),在此基础上采用评估因子法外推四溴双酚A和三溴苯酚的预测无效应浓度(PNEC).毒性测试结果表明,四溴双酚A和三溴苯酚对大型溞21 d敏感繁殖毒性终点EC5(内禀增长率、净生殖率)均比48 h急性毒性LC50低2个数量级,且低于其对繁殖量毒性影响的NOEC.危害评估结果显示,三溴苯酚和四溴双酚A基于慢性毒性的PNEC低于基于急性毒性的PNEC.以繁殖量、内禀增长率和净生殖率毒性危害的EC5值作为大型溞繁殖毒性指标可能比NOEC更能敏感地表征化学品对溞类的危害,四溴双酚A和三溴苯酚对大型溞的慢性繁殖毒性作用相比急性毒性作用更应引起关注,采用以慢性毒性数据为基础的危害评估结果可以较好地保护物种的安全.     

氧化亚钴复合材料催化降解三溴苯酚

本论文利用具有可见光催化性能的氧化亚钴/石墨烯(CoO/石墨烯)复合材料降解2,4,6-三溴苯酚(2,4,6-tribromophenol, TBP),探究其光催化降解效能与反应机理.研究发现,在光催化降解阶段,CoO/石墨烯复合材料光照120 min后,日光比可见光具有更强的降解效率,将TBP总去除率从21.8%提升至51.4%,日光中的紫外部分容易被材料利用来降解TBP.将光催化与高级氧化技术联用,构建CoO/石墨烯复合材料活化两种过硫酸盐PS与PMS的光芬顿体系.研究可知,单独光照活化过硫酸盐效果不佳,CoO/石墨烯-过硫酸盐类芬顿体系较Co~(2+)-过硫酸盐均相体系TBP降解效率更高,反应更彻底.加入光照后,光照-CoO/石墨烯-过硫酸盐光芬顿体系具有较高的污染物降解率和TOC矿化度,反应速率常数进一步提高,在日光照射下,TOC去除率达到98.9%.