Removal of Cd2+ from water by Friedel’s salt (FS: 3CaO.Al2O3·CaCl2·10H2O): Sorption characteristics and mechanisms

The development of low-cost and efficient new mineral adsorbents has been a hot topic in recent years. In this study, Friedel’s salt (FS:3CaO·A12O3 ·CaCl2 ·10H2O), a hexagonal layered inorganic absorbent, was synthesized to remove Cd2+ from water. The adsorption process was simulated by Langmuir and Freundlich models. The adsorption mechanism was further analyzed with TEM, XRD, FT-IR analysis and monitoring of metal cations released and solution pH variation. The results indicated the adsorbent FS had an outstanding ability for Cd(Ⅱ) adsorption. The maximum adsorption capacity of the FS for Cd(Ⅱ) removal can reach up to 671.14 mg/g. The nearly equal numbers of Cd2+ adsorbed and Ca2+ released demonstrated that ion-exchange (both surface and inner) of the FS for Cd(Ⅱ) played an important role during the adsorption process. Furthermore, the surface of the FS after adsorption was microscopically disintegrated while the inner lamellar structure was almost unchanged. The behavior of Cd(Ⅱ) adsorption by FS was significantly affected by surface reactions. The mechanisms of Cd2+ adsorption by the FS mainly included surface complexation and surface precipitation. In the present study, the adsorption process was fitted better by the Langmuir isotherm model (R2 = 0.9999) than the Freundlich isotherm model (R2 = 0.8122). Finally, due to the high capacity for ion-exchange on the FS surface, FS is a promising layered inorganic adsorbent for the removal of Cd(Ⅱ) from water.     

利用MSWI飞灰构建新型填埋固化基质的研究

介绍了以MSWI飞灰为主要组分,利用富铝组分调控所构建的Friedel-ettringite为主导相的新型固化体系,考察了固化体系的抗压强度并用美国EPA毒性浸出实验（TCLP）,评价固化材料中重金属的浸出特性,使用XRD、DTG分析了固化体系的微观矿物相,FTIR图谱对固化体系矿物相的有关基团振动谱带进行比较,通过重金属的化学形态分布了解重金属在其中的赋存状态,结果表明,新体系可以通过矿物相的晶体化合作用对Pb、Cd、Zn重金属进行有效束缚,实现稳定固化这种新型固化体系可望用于MSWI飞灰与其它重金属类危险废物的填埋共处置。     

Friedel层状化合物对正磷酸根的去除效应及其作用机制

为了解Friedel化合物除磷的应用潜能,研究了Friedel化合物对正磷酸根的吸附动力学和吸附等温线,并结合反应后溶液中各离子浓度的变化和反应固相产物的XRD、红外光谱分析,探讨其除磷作用机理.结果表明:Friedel化合物对正磷酸根的吸附等温线符合Langmuir等温吸附方程,理论吸附容量为4.86mmol·g-1;Friedel化合物除磷作用机理主要为溶出钙离子的沉淀作用,同时存在氢氧化铝的固磷作用.