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基于氚和CFCs的三江平原浅层地下水更新能力估算 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
论文通过对三江平原浅层地下水年龄的测定,研究了地下水的来源与更新能力。在井深小于60 m的钻孔中,采集了11 组浅层地下水样,分别测定水中放射性同位素氚(T)和氟利昂(CFCs),根据活塞模型,分别计算出浅层地下水的年龄。分析结果表明,三江平原浅层地下水中氚同位素含量为1.7~61.2 TU;CFC-12 和CFC-113 浓度分别是0.04~1.25 pmol·kg-1 和0.1~0.71 pmol·kg-1。根据氚同位素含量估算的浅层地下水年龄范围是39~51 a;CFC-12 浓度估算的浅层地下水年龄范围为38.2~61.7 a。两种测年数据都表明,浅层地下水缺失了0~39 a 的年轻水,这暗示三江平原的地下水主要接受外源水的补给,深循环地下水越流补给地表水并形成湿地,最终补给到河流之中,地下水有稳定的补给源,可以适当地进行开发和利用。 相似文献
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夏治强 《城市环境与城市生态》1993,6(4):37-42
本文简介了臭氧层的破坏及耗损对生物和人类所造成的危害.描述了氯氟烃(CFC),氮氧化物(NO_x)与臭氧的反应,井详细论述了CFC,NO_x及火山爆发对臭氧层的破坏作用.对有关保护臭氧层的国际公约进行了扼要介绍.提出了防止臭氧耗损应来取的措施;执行保护臭氧层的国际公约;寻找CFC替代品;加强对臭氧层的科学研究 相似文献
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Robert A. Boyd 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》1998,34(3):507-518
ABSTRACT: Cedar Rapids obtains its municipal water supply from a shallow alluvial aquifer along the Cedar River in east-central Iowa. Water samples were collected and analyzed for selected isotopes and chlorofluorocarbons to characterize the ground-water flow system near the municipal well fields. Analyses of deuterium and oxygen-18 indicate that water in the alluvial aquifer and in the underlying carbonate bedrock aquifer was recharged from precipitation during modern climatic conditions. Analyses of tritium indicate modern, post-1952, water in the alluvial aquifer and older, pre-1952, water in the bedrock aquifer. Mixing of the modern and older waters occurs in areas where (1) the confining layer between the two aquifers is discontinuous, (2) the bedrock aquifer is fractured, or (3) pumping of supply wells induces the flow of water between aquifers. Analyses of chlorofluorocarbons were used to determine the date of recharge of water samples. Water in the bedrock aquifer likely was recharged prior to the 1950s. Water in the alluvial aquifer likely was recharged from the 1960s to 1990s. Biodegradation or sorption probably affected some of the ground water analyzed for chlorofluorocarbons. These processes reduce the concentrations of CFCs, which results in older than actual calculated dates of recharge. 相似文献
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北京市CFCs和CCl_4的浓度水平与变化趋势 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用预浓缩-GC/MS方法对2009年4—8月北京市大气中CFC-11,CFC-12,CFC-113,CFC-114和CCl45种主要消耗臭氧层物质进行了监测.结果表明:观测期内北京市大气中φ(CFC-11),φ(CFC-12)和φ(CCl4)的平均值高于全球本底站观测值,而φ(CFC-113)和φ(CFC-114)与全球本底水平相当,其原因是这5种物质在我国的排放水平差异所致,其中CFC-11,CFC-12和CCl4仍存在一定量的排放.不同季节的日变化分析表明,4月5种物质的体积分数日变化趋势平缓,而8月观测日内基本呈现出夜间物质的体积分数高于白天的特征.8月φ(CFC-11),φ(CFC-12)和φ(CCl4)的平均值比4月高,这可能是由于8月的温度较高,致使这3种物质现有排放源的排放量增加. 相似文献
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预浓缩-气质联用法测定高山大气中氯氟烃 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
建立了预浓缩-气相色谱/质谱联用技术,同时检测高山大气中二氟二氯甲烷、四氟二氯乙烷、一氟三氯甲烷、三氟三氯乙烷的分析方法。4种物质的检出限分别为0.013、0.022、0.021、0.030μg/m~3,相对标准偏差在5.6%以下,标准曲线相关系数大于0.996,加标回收率为93.2%~98.3%。对庐山大气进行监测,结果表明,庐山大气中4种氯氟烃的浓度均高于武夷山和湖北神龙架大气背景点,庐山大气中CFC-11、CFC-113的浓度接近于泰山和贡嘎山的浓度。 相似文献
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