Study of Bulk and Sub-Event Wet Deposition in Gebze,Turkey

This study presents the chemical composition of bulk deposition during the period of February 1996–May 1997 and the chemical composition of sub-event wet deposition on 13 August 1997 in Gebze. Samples were analyzed for SO₄ ^2-, NO₃ ^-, Cl^-,Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺, K⁺, Na⁺, and NH₄ ⁺ in addition to pH. The source of some ionic components in the bulk deposition such as K⁺ and Ca²⁺ were found to be the terrestrial regions, as expected. The (non-sea Cl^-)/Cl^- ratio of 0.05 suggests that the very large portion of Cl^- in the bulkdeposition was of marine origin. The ratio of (non-sea SO₄ ^2-)/SO₄ ^2- varied between 0.86 and 0.99,indicating that the main source of sulfate was not the sea. It is found that the sulfate and calcium concentrations were highest in summer and lowest in fall. The analysis of bulk deposition also indicated that nearly 24% of the events were acidic (pH < 5.6). During sub-event wet deposition collectedon the same site pH decreased continually, and during the passageof cold front concentrations of Cl^-, SO₄ ^2- and NO₃ ^- increased.     

加拿大北极地区雪化学成分的初步研究

利用ＩＣＰ－ＡＥＳ，ＩＣＰ－ＭＳ，ＩＣ测定法，测定了北极地区不同纬度的１７个雪样品的化学成分。结果显示，在被测试的３２种化学成分中，１４种化学成分被检测出。用富集因子法判断了雪中化学成分的４种可能发生源，即人为活动源，地壳源，海洋源和混合源。计算Ｓ／Ｎａ比值发现ＳＯ＾２－，ＮＯ＾－３主要来自人为活动源。