全文获取类型
收费全文 | 117篇 |
免费 | 13篇 |
国内免费 | 47篇 |
专业分类
废物处理 | 2篇 |
环保管理 | 13篇 |
综合类 | 78篇 |
基础理论 | 33篇 |
污染及防治 | 39篇 |
评价与监测 | 11篇 |
社会与环境 | 1篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 1篇 |
2022年 | 8篇 |
2021年 | 5篇 |
2020年 | 3篇 |
2019年 | 4篇 |
2018年 | 1篇 |
2017年 | 1篇 |
2016年 | 6篇 |
2015年 | 5篇 |
2014年 | 8篇 |
2013年 | 21篇 |
2012年 | 6篇 |
2011年 | 18篇 |
2010年 | 4篇 |
2009年 | 11篇 |
2008年 | 15篇 |
2007年 | 8篇 |
2006年 | 7篇 |
2005年 | 3篇 |
2004年 | 8篇 |
2003年 | 3篇 |
2002年 | 4篇 |
2001年 | 3篇 |
2000年 | 5篇 |
1999年 | 3篇 |
1998年 | 4篇 |
1997年 | 6篇 |
1994年 | 3篇 |
1993年 | 1篇 |
1990年 | 1篇 |
1978年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有177条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
为探究德州市采暖季环境空气中含氮/硫物质的污染特征、气-粒分配规律及影响因素,对2017年11月10日—2018年3月15日德州市市区环境空气监测站在线离子色谱分析仪监测的水溶性离子及气态前体物质量浓度的小时数据进行了分析.结果表明:①德州市环境空气监测站ρ(NO3-)、ρ(SO42-)和ρ(NH4+)平均值分别为(18.36±18.55)(12.74±10.92)(9.60±8.75)μg/m3,在2018年1月三者均达到最高值;对比PM2.5及气态含氮/硫物质的质量浓度发现,ρ(PM2.5)和ρ(SO2)在2017年12月、2018年1月和2018年2月的月均值均较高,而ρ(SO2)与ρ(SO42-)、ρ(NH3)与ρ(NH4+)均在日间(08:00—17:00)出现波峰.②对颗粒态和气态含氮/硫物质质量浓度日均值进行双变量相关分析发现,ρ(SO42-)、ρ(NO3-)、ρ(NH4+)两两之间的相关系数均高于0.75,表明二次离子的形成机制相似;而ρ(NH3)、ρ(NO2)、ρ(NO)、ρ(SO2)两两之间均不存在显著相关,说明这些气态前体物来自不同的局部排放源.③过剩NH3指数(FN)平均值为0.49±0.16,说明采样时段大气处于富氨环境,过剩的NH3会与气态HNO3生成NH4NO3,因此NO3-气溶胶的形成主要受HNO3的影响或限制.④相对湿度是影响ρ(PM2.5)最重要的气象因素,高湿环境会促进二次离子的转化.研究显示,冬季采暖排放会增加环境空气中含氮/硫物质的质量浓度,气象因素(尤其是相对湿度)对含氮/硫物质的气-粒分配也有一定影响. 相似文献
2.
J. Franzaring 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》1997,46(3):209-220
Up to now only very few studies in biomonitoring of organic air pollutants have been published taking into account the strong influence mean temperatures have on the accumulation process into plants during the course of the exposition. Temperature governed sorption as well as the plants vitality pose a major source of uncertainty making inter-study comparisons difficult. Different surface-to-volume ratios of plant foliage lead to strongly varying concentration effects in different plant species. Moreover a plants content of waxes and lipids must be considered in order to relate xenobiotic concentrations to the compounds being most efficient in the bioaccumulation process. Some of these factors are evaluated in regard to the use of plants as biomonitors for organic air pollutants. Another aim is to deduce the mean ambient gas phase concentrations from PAH concentrations determined in the biomonitor plants using vegetation-air partitioning coefficients which have been corrected for temperature dependent sorption as well as the plants lipid content. Restrictions of such approaches and methods of biomonitoring in general are discussed. 相似文献
3.
Developing sediment quality criteria for heavy metal pollution in the Le An River with equilibrium partitioning approach 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
1IntroductionActingasrepositoryorsourceofvariouscontaminantsunderdiferentconditions,problemsedimentsmaythreatentheaquaticorga... 相似文献
4.
5.
为了了解无锡市大气中类二噁英多氯联苯(Dioxin-like PCBs,DL-PCBs)水平,利用大流量空气采样器在无锡市分别采集了6个气相和6个颗粒相大气样品,气相色谱-质谱(GC-NCI-MS)测定样品中12种类二噁英多氯联苯。结果显示,大气样品中∑_(12)DL-PCBs的总浓度(气相+颗粒相)为1157~2 747 fg/m3,平均浓度为1759 fg/m3,平均浓度为1759 fg/m3。其中,气相的浓度为11 124~2 721 fg/m3。其中,气相的浓度为11 124~2 721 fg/m3,平均值为1 701fg/m3,平均值为1 701fg/m3;颗粒相的浓度为26~143 fg/m3;颗粒相的浓度为26~143 fg/m3,平均值为58fg/m3,平均值为58fg/m3。气相中∑_(12)DL-PCB含量占总量的97%,而颗粒相仅占3%。DL-PCBs的总毒性当量(气相+颗粒相)为2.16~4.47fg TEQ/m3。气相中∑_(12)DL-PCB含量占总量的97%,而颗粒相仅占3%。DL-PCBs的总毒性当量(气相+颗粒相)为2.16~4.47fg TEQ/m3,平均值为3.53fg TEQ/m3,平均值为3.53fg TEQ/m3。DL-PCBs单体中PCB-118的浓度最高,平均占总浓度的54%,其次是PCB-105和PCB-77,PCB+81在所有样品中均未检出。在所有DL-PCBs中,毒性当量浓度的主要贡献者为PCB-126,其平均贡献率为95%,其次为PCB-169,平均贡献率为3%。 相似文献
6.
卤系阻燃剂在东江工业水体中的质量浓度及其分配特征 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
本研究分析了东江工业水体中卤系阻燃剂的浓度,组成分布以及分配特征.结果表明多溴联苯醚(PBDEs)是水体中的主要的卤系阻燃剂,占总卤系阻燃剂的41.0%,其质量浓度范围为1 102.3~3 666.9 pg·L~(-1),其中BDE209是颗粒相的主要成分.四溴双酚A(TBBPA)占总卤系阻燃剂的32.4%,其质量浓度范围为1 120.9~2 856.5 pg·L~(-1),其他卤系阻燃剂如十溴二苯乙烷(DBDPE)、德克隆(DP)和六溴环十二烷(HBCDs)分别占总卤系阻燃剂的16.3%、7.3%和3.0%,其质量浓度范围分别为397.7~1 736.8、235.7~778.1和9.5~266.8 pg·L~(-1).在对水体溶解相和颗粒相分配的研究中发现,PBDEs、DBDPE、DP和HBCDs主要存在于水体颗粒相中,而TBBPA由于其较大的水溶性,主要存在于溶解相中;卤系阻燃剂的lgK_(oc)与lgK_(ow)之间存在显著的相关性,但是lgK_(oc)实测值与其理论预测值有一定差异,这可能是受控于悬浮颗粒(SPM)含量和溶解有机碳(DOC)含量这两个因素,此外,颗粒相和溶解相之间分配是否达到平衡也是影响测量lg Koc值的因素. 相似文献
7.
John F Elder 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》1994,30(2):251-259
ABSTRACT: A study of concentrations and distribution of major and trace elements in surficial bottom sediments of Little Rock Lake in northern Wisconsin included examination of spatial variation and grain-size effects. No significant differences with respect to metal distribution in sediments were observed between the two basins of the lake, despite the experimental acidification of one of the basins from pH 6.1 to 4.6. The concentrations of most elements in the lake sediments were generally similar to soil concentrations in the area and were well below sediment quality criteria. Two exceptions were lead and zinc, whose concentrations in July 1990 exceeded the criteria of 50 μg/g and 100 μg/g, respectively, in both littoral and pelagic sediments. Concentrations of some elements, particularly Cu, Pb, and Zn, increased along transects from nearshore to midlake, following a similar gradient of sedimentary organic carbon. In contrast, Mn, Fe, and alkali/alkaline-earth elements were at maximum concentrations in nearshore sediments. These elements are less likely to partition to organic particles, and their distribution is more dependent on mineralogical composition, grain size, and other factors. Element concentrations varied among different sediment grain-size fractions, although a simple inverse relation to grain size was not observed. Fe, Mn, Pb, and Zn were more concentrated in a grain-size range 20–60 tm than in either the very fine or the coarse fractions, possibly because of the aggregation of smaller particles cemented together by organic and Fe/Mn hydrous-oxide coatings. 相似文献
8.
We examined the impact of single-tree selective logging and fuel reduction burns on the abundance of hollow-nesting bird species
at a regional scale in southeastern Queensland, Australia. Data were collected on species abundance and habitat structure
of dry sclerophyll production forest at 36 sites with known logging and fire histories. Sixteen bird species were recorded
with most being resident, territorial, obligate hollow nesters that used hollows that were either small (<10 cm diameter)
or very large (>18 cm diameter). Species densities were typically low, but combinations of two forest management and three
habitat structural variables influenced the abundances of eight bird species in different and sometimes conflicting ways.
The results suggest that habitat tree management for biodiversity in production forests cannot depend upon habitat structural
characteristics alone. Management histories appear to have independent influence (on some bird species) that are distinguishable
from their impacts on habitat structure per se. Rather than managing to maximize species abundances to maintain biodiversity, we may be better off managing to avoid extinctions
of populations by identifying thresholds of acceptable fluctuations in populations of not only hollow-nesting birds but other
forest dependent wildlife relative to scientifically valid forest management and habitat structural surrogates. 相似文献
9.
Sean O'Donnell 《Behavioral ecology and sociobiology》1998,43(4-5):327-331
Dominance interactions affected patterns of non-reproductive division of labor (polyethism) in the eusocial wasp Mischocyttarus mastigophorus. Socially dominant individuals foraged for food (nectar and insect prey) at lower rates than subordinate individuals. In
contrast, dominant wasps performed most of the foraging for the wood pulp used in nest construction. Social dominance also
affected partitioning of materials collected by foragers when they returned to the nest. Wood pulp loads were never shared
with nest mates, while food loads, especially insect prey, were often partitioned with other wasps. Dominant individuals on
the nest were more likely to take food from arriving foragers than subordinate individuals. The role of dominance interactions
in regulating polyethism has evolved in the eusocial paper wasps (Polistinae). Both specialization by foragers and task partitioning
have increased from basal genera (independent-founding wasps, including Mischo-cyttarus spp.) to more derived genera (swarm-founding Epiponini). Dominance interactions do not regulate forager specialization or
task partitioning in epiponines. I hypothesize that these changes in polyethism were enabled by the evolution of increased
colony size in the Epiponini.
Received: 8 December 1997 / Accepted after revision: 28 March 1998 相似文献
10.
Amir P. Nejadhashemi Joseph M. Sheridan Adel Shirmohammadi Hubert J. Montas 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》2007,43(3):744-756
Abstract: Evaluating the relative amounts of water moving through the different components of the hydrological cycle is required for precise management and planning of water resources. An important aspect of this evaluation is the partitioning of streamflow into surface (quick flow) and base‐flow components. A prior study evaluated 40 different approaches for hydrograph‐partitioning on a field scale watershed in the Coastal Plain of the Southeastern United States and concluded that the Boughton’s method produced the most consistent and accurate results. However, its accuracy depends upon the proper estimation of: (1) the end of surface runoff, and (2) the fraction factor (α) that is function of many physical and hydrologic characteristics of a watershed. Proper identification of the end of surface runoff was accomplished by using a second derivative approach. Applying this approach to 12 years of separately measured surface and subsurface flow data from a field scale watershed (study area) proved to be accurate for 87% of the time. Estimation of the α value was accomplished in this study using two steps: (1) alpha was fitted to individual hydrographs: and, (2) a regression equation that determines these alpha values based on climatological factors (e.g., rainfall, evapotranspiration) was developed. Using these strategies improved the streamflow partitioning method’s performance significantly. 相似文献