紫外-B辐射增强对小麦和燕麦繁殖特性影响的研究

模拟15％臭氧层减薄水平,研究了紫外-B（UV-B）辐射增强对小麦的花粉活力及萌发特性以及籽粒产量与其萌发特性的影响。小麦和燕麦的繁殖特性对紫外辐射的敏感性差异很大。增强的紫外辐射显著抑制了燕麦的籽粒产量及萌发率,而对小麦的繁殖效率未有显著影响,小麦花粉活力及萌发率的降低可由单株有效穗数的增加予以补赏。     

紫外线辐射对小麦和燕麦竞争性平衡的影响--小麦和燕麦生物量结构与冠层结构

在模拟１５％臭氧层减薄条件下讨论了紫外线辐射增强对大田中小麦和燕麦在单独种植与混合种植时的生物量结构和冠层结构的影响。紫外辐射使两物种的生物量减少，使节间缩短，叶片着生高度下降，但使根冠比和单株有效穗数增加。两物种在单种和混种时对紫外辐射的反应有所不同，种间竞争有时加强紫外辐射的影响，但有时则又能抵消其作用。紫外辐射使竞争性平衡向有利于小麦的方向发展，这一改变可以部分地由两物种的生物量及冠层结构对     

Effect of different cultivation measures on forage oat hay yield in the eastern mountain dryland of Qinghai Province北大核心CSCD

This study was designed to explore the cultivation measures for the high yield of forage oats (Avena sativa L.) in the eastern mountain dryland of Qinghai Province of China. Taking 'Jiayan No.2' oat as the research material, the effects of different sowing dates, row spacing, sowing amount, and fertilizing amount on hay yield were studied by orthogonal experiment design with four factors and three levels. Sowing date, row spacing, sowing amount, and fertilizer amount all affected the hay yield of forage oats. Among them, the sowing date had the greatest influence, reaching an extremely significant level in the 3-year experiment and 3-year average (P < 0.01), followed by fertilizing amount and row spacing (P < 0.05). The effects of sowing amount on oat hay yield were relatively small (P > 0.05). Principal component analysis showed that the sowing date contributed the most to oat hay yield, followed by sowing amount, fertilizing amount, and row spacing. According to the comprehensive score and ranking of each principal component, we found that the early sowing treatment combination was superior to the late sowing treatment combination, and the optimal treatment combination was treatment 3, with a comprehensive score of 2.533. Treatment 3 (early sowing, 20 cm row spacing, sowing amount 240 kg/hm2, and fertilizing amount of 150 kg/hm2 N2O and 300 kg/hm2 P2O5) and treatment 1 (early sowing, 10 cm row spacing, 120 kg/hm2 sowing amount, and fertilizing amount of 37.5 kg/hm2 N2O and 75 kg/hm2 P2O5) always ranked first and second, the average yield of hay in 3 years was 7 942.21 kg/hm2 and 7 321.61 kg/hm2, respectively, and there was no significant difference in hay yield after multiple tests. When forage oats were planted in the eastern mountain dryland of Qinghai Province, the optimal planting conditions were early sowing in good time (mid and early April), row spacing of 20 cm, sowing amount of 240 kg/hm2, and fertilization amount of 150 kg/hm2 N2O and 300 kg/hm2 P2O5 © 2022 Science Press. All rights reserved.