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排序方式: 共有125条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
61.
This study characterized some of the physical and chemical features of large outside field grease abatement devices (GADs). 24-hour measurements of several food service establishments' (FSEs') influent GAD flowrates indicated highly intermittent conditions with hydraulic retention times (HRTs) that exceeded the common recommendation (30 minutes) by two to five times. Investigation into the chemical characteristics of GADs indicated highly variable influent and effluent fat, oil, and grease (FOG) concentrations. Low pH and dissolved oxygen values were measured throughout the GAD, indicating the likely occurrence of anaerobic microbial processes. Detailed spatial and temporal observations of the accumulation of FOG and food solids were also discussed. Though the FOG layer remained relatively constant for all GAD configurations investigated, results indicated that commonly-used GAD configurations with a straight submerged inlet tee or no-inlet tee configuration may result in the transport of food solids into the second compartment. The present research showed increased accumulation of food solids in the first compartment with a retro-fit flow distributive inlet. This retro-fit displays promise for potentially improving the separation characteristics of existing GADs. 相似文献
62.
Mukherjee A von Brömssen M Scanlon BR Bhattacharya P Fryar AE Hasan MA Ahmed KM Chatterjee D Jacks G Sracek O 《Journal of contaminant hydrology》2008,99(1-4):31-48
Although arsenic (As) contamination of groundwater in the Bengal Basin has received wide attention over the past decade, comparative studies of hydrogeochemistry in geologically different sub-basins within the basin have been lacking. Groundwater samples were collected from sub-basins in the western margin (River Bhagirathi sub-basin, Nadia, India; 90 samples) and eastern margin (River Meghna sub-basin; Brahmanbaria, Bangladesh; 35 samples) of the Bengal Basin. Groundwater in the western site (Nadia) has mostly Ca-HCO(3) water while that in the eastern site (Brahmanbaria) is much more variable consisting of at least six different facies. The two sites show differences in major and minor solute trends indicating varying pathways of hydrogeochemical evolution However, both sites have similar reducing, postoxic environments (p(e): +5 to -2) with high concentrations of dissolved organic carbon, indicating dominantly metal-reducing processes and similarity in As mobilization mechanism. The trends of various redox-sensitive solutes (e.g. As, CH(4), Fe, Mn, NO(3)(-), NH(4)(+), SO(4)(2-)) indicate overlapping redox zones, leading to partial redox equilibrium conditions where As, once liberated from source minerals, would tend to remain in solution because of the complex interplay among the electron acceptors. 相似文献
63.
64.
Mohammed Janaydeh Ahmad Ismail Hishamuddin Omar Syaizwan Zahmir Zulkifli Mohd Hair Bejo Nor Azwady Abd. Aziz 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2018,190(1):47
Heavy metal pollution has become a global concern due to accumulation in tissue and transferable effects to humans via the food chain. This study focused on monitoring the accumulation of cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) in surface soil and body content: bone, heart, brain, liver, lung, muscle, kidney, feathers, feces, and gizzard contents of house crow Corvus splendens in the Klang region, Malaysia. The results revealed the occurrence of Pb and Cd in all biological samples from house crows, food contents, and surface soil samples. Heart and kidney accrued high amounts of Cd, while high amounts of Pb were found to accumulate in bones and feathers. Major discrepancies were also discovered in the concentrations of metals between juvenile and adults, as well as female and male bird samples. Concentrations of Pb and Cd in house crow internal tissues correlated significantly with that of bird feathers, but none could be established with that of surface soil. In addition, a significant correlation was observed between Pb concentration in the internal tissues to that of the feces, but the same was not the case when compared with the surface soil concentration. Metal accrual in the house crows feathers and feces may be through a long-term transmission via the food chain, which are eliminated from feathers via molting. This may suggest the utility of molted breast feathers of house crow in the bio-monitoring of Cd and Pb contamination, whereas feces of house crow appear only to be suitable for the bio-monitoring of Pb contamination. 相似文献
65.
A Computational Fluid Dynamic Model for Prediction of Organic Dyes Adsorption from Aqueous Solutions
F. Doulati Ardejani Kh. Badii F. Farhadi M. Aziz Saberi B. Jodeiri Shokri 《Environmental Modeling and Assessment》2012,17(5):505-513
Modelling of the removal of synthetic dyes from aqueous solutions by adsorbents is important to develop an appropriate treatment plan using adsorption process. This paper presents a computational fluid dynamic model incorporating the Langmuir isotherm scheme and second-order kinetic expression to describe the adsorption process. The governing equation of the model was numerically solved using PHOENICS software to simulate synthetic dyes adsorption from the aqueous system. The experimental results presented in this study and taken from the literature for the removal of synthetic dyes were compared with those results predicted by the numerical model. The predicted outputs of the model match the experimental measurements satisfactory. A sensitivity analysis of the major parameters that influence the percent of dye removal from solution phase has been carried out. Three of the main parameters taken into account were the kinetic rate constant, amount of dye adsorbed at equilibrium and the Langmuir isotherm constant. It was found that the model is most sensitive to the amount of dye adsorbed at equilibrium. This effect is most obvious at the early stages of the adsorption process when the rate of dye removal is very fast. Quantification of the reaction mechanism allows developing an appropriate remediation strategy based on the adsorption process. 相似文献
66.
Aziz Assaad Steve Pontvianne Marie-Noëlle Pons 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2017,189(5):229
To rapidly monitor the surface water quality in terms of organic pollution of an industrial river undergoing restoration, optical methods (UV–visible spectrometry and fluorescence) were applied in parallel to classical physical–chemical analyses. UV–visible spectra were analyzed using the maximum of the second derivative at 225 nm (related to nitrates), specific absorbance at 254 nm (SUVA254), and the spectral slope between 275 and 295 nm (S 275–295) (related to the aromaticity and molecular weight of dissolved organic carbon). The synchronous fluorescence spectra (wavelength difference = 50 nm) exhibited a high variability in the composition of dissolved organic material between the upstream and downstream sections and also versus time. The principal components analysis of the entire set of synchronous fluorescence spectra helped to define three river sections with different pollution characteristics. Spectral decomposition was applied to the two most upstream sections: five fluorophores, classical in rivers impacted by domestic sewage and related to protein-like (λ ex = 280 nm) and humic-like fluorescence (M-type with λ ex ≈ 305–310 nm and C-type with λ ex ≥ 335 nm), were identified. The irregular shape of the synchronous fluorescence spectra in the most downstream section is likely due to organic pollutants of industrial origin; however, their variability and the complexity of the spectra did not allow the further elucidation of their nature. 相似文献
67.
Bello Mustapha Mohammed Raman Abdul Aziz Abdul 《Environmental Chemistry Letters》2019,17(2):1125-1142
Environmental Chemistry Letters - The presence of recalcitrant organic pollutants in water is a major source of concern worldwide. These pollutants are not easily removed using conventional... 相似文献
68.
Aziz Omar Hussain Saddam Rizwan Muhammad Riaz Muhammad Bashir Saqib Lin Lirong Mehmood Sajid Imran Muhammad Yaseen Rizwan Lu Guoan 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2018,25(17):16616-16619
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The original publication of this paper contains a mistake. 相似文献
69.
Several factors influence air pollution, but effect of land uses is pivotal and has direct consequences on growth and development of a city. In order to assess consequent effects of land uses on air pollution, it is important to transform a set of variables into significant components by using principal component analysis. These components help to develop an effective model between air pollution and land uses by application of regression analysis. Lahore, titled as “Paris of the East,” has some featured commonalities with Paris and was jointly selected for research to adopt common policies and measures to combat air pollution. A two-step cluster analysis has been applied to testify resemblance of Paris to towns of Lahore as a cluster. This paper is trying to develop a calibrated model which helps to estimate about air pollution at a significant level with only one independent variable. Furthermore, it helps to control air pollution through sensitization of land uses in Lahore. 相似文献
70.
Akter S Brouwer R van Beukering PJ French L Silver E Choudhury S Aziz SS 《Disasters》2011,35(2):287-307
This paper aims to contribute to the debate on the feasibility of the provision of micro flood insurance as an effective tool for spreading disaster risks in developing countries and examines the role of the institutional-organisational framework in assisting the design and implementation of such a micro flood insurance market. In Bangladesh, a private insurance market for property damage and livelihood risk due to natural disasters does not exist. Private insurance companies are reluctant to embark on an evidently unprofitable venture. Testing two different institutional-organisational models, this research reveals that the administration costs of micro-insurance play an important part in determining the long-term viability of micro flood insurance schemes. A government-facilitated process to overcome the differences observed in this study between the nonprofit micro-credit providers and profit-oriented private insurance companies is needed, building on the particular competence each party brings to the development of a viable micro flood insurance market through a public-private partnership. 相似文献