Titanium dioxide mediated photocatalytic degradation of 17beta-estradiol in aqueous solution

Photocatalytic degradation of 17beta-estradiol (E2) in aqueous medium mediated with titanium dioxide (TiO(2)) was studied. Moreover, effect of TiO(2) dosage on the degradation efficiency was investigated. Particular attention was paid to the identification of intermediates and analysis of photocatalytic degradation mechanism of E2 under neutral and alkaline conditions. The degradation efficiency of E2 increased with increasing concentration of TiO(2) but decreased due to light scattering as TiO(2) concentration was greater than 0.5mgml(-1). Several intermediates were formed during photocatalytic degradation of E2. However, only a few of the compounds could be identified and confirmed by LC-MS and LC-MS/MS. Six intermediates were observed by photocatalytic oxidation under alkaline conditions, namely 2-hydroxyestradiol, 10epsilon-17beta-dihydroxy-1,4-estradien-3-one (DEO), 10epsilon-hydroperoxide-17beta-hydroxy-1,4-estradien-3-one and three kinds of dicarboxylic acids formed by the opening of aromatic ring. In addition to the six intermediates mentioned above, 17beta-hydroxy-1,4-estradien-3-one (EO) was observed under neutral conditions and in the presence of methanol. Based on these intermediates, which were hardly degraded even after E2 was fully degraded, the mechanism of E2 degradation by TiO(2) photocatalysis was elucidated.     

高效智能煤水回收利用成套设备小试

为了解决矿井水煤水煤渣预处理的难题,研制了高效智能煤水回收利用成套设备,并对其进行了实验室小试。试验表明,在采用0.4 mm的筛网,转速为28 r/min,进水流量为1 m3/h时,该设备对矿井水的悬浮物去除效果最好。此时的浊度去除率最高,达到了82%。本设备可以节约大量的水资源和煤炭资源,产生巨大的经济效益和社会效益,有很好的推广前景。     

多批次生物沥浸对猪粪重金属脱除及养分和脱水性的影响

猪粪重金属脱除及脱水性提升对其资源化利用具有重要意义.本研究以氧化亚铁硫杆菌(Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans,A.f)作为生物沥浸微生物,探究了多批次生物沥浸对猪粪重金属脱除及养分和脱水性的影响.研究表明,当A.f菌液与原始猪粪(含固率为3.5％)体积比为1∶1时,生物沥浸进程缓慢,而将猪...     

植物生态浮床的制备及其对富营养化水体的净化效果

针对福州市闽侯县旗山大学城景观湖某富营养化实验水区,制备了一种应用型植物生态浮床。原位修复结果表明,负载美人蕉(Canna coccinea Mill)的生态浮床对浮床周围的小生境有一定的修复效果;对美人蕉根际圈的微生物数量跟踪显示,在60 d内,微生物数量增加了2个数量级,微生物种类无明显变化,但不同植株根际圈的微生物种类存在一定差异。     

沙县农村环境污染现状与对策

分析了沙县农业生态环境污染和乡镇工业污染的现状，提出了加强乡镇工农业污染防治及管理的对策与措施。     

电混凝去除水中锑污染物

采用电混凝技术对水中锑污染物进行处理,利用阳极电解铁板产生亚铁和三价铁离子,通过絮凝与共沉淀作用去除Sb(III)和Sb(V)污染物,并详细探讨了电流密度、溶液初始pH、电解质离子及通入N2对锑去除效率的影响。结果发现,锑初始浓度为1 mg/L时,反应30 min后Sb(III)浓度低于5.0μg/L,Sb(V)浓度为28.1μg/L,表明Sb(III)去除效率明显优于Sb(V)。另外,研究发现,电流密度及初始pH对Sb(III)的去除效率影响较小,增大电流密度会提高Sb(V)去除效率,溶液初始pH为4.5时Sb(V)去除效率最高;Mg2+与HCO-3有助于Sb(V)的去除,Ca2+、SiO2-3和PO3-4对Sb(V)的去除有一定的抑制作用;通入N2会提高Sb(V)的去除率。     

基于景区湖泊污染的多功能水域清理船设计

针对我国城市景区湖泊富营养化和垃圾污染严重,传统景区水域清理存在各种不足等问题,设计研发多功能水域清理船灭杀蓝藻和清理垃圾,恢复景区湖泊生态环境。结合景区湖泊污染实际状况,提出把臭氧灭杀蓝藻应用于景区湖泊清理的新概念,研发一艘可无线遥控、集打捞垃圾、过滤小型悬浮微粒和灭杀蓝藻功能于一体的多功能水域清理船。通过无线遥控多功能水域清理船,能全面清理湖面垃圾,过滤小型悬浮微粒,臭氧灭杀率能达到90%以上。利用多功能水域清理船能维护景区小湖泊生态环境,在各类景观水体和小型湖泊的污染治理中具有很好的应用前景。     

The response of mulberry trees after seedling hardening to summer drought in the hydro-fluctuation belt of Three Gorges Reservoir Areas

Interest has developed in the potential of mulberry (Morus alba), a woody perennial, for revegetating the hydro-fluctuation belt of the Three Gorges Reservoir due to its resistance to water-logging stress. To be useful, the trees must also be able to withstand dry conditions in summer when temperatures can be very high and droughts become severe quickly. Here, we report a study in which mulberry seedlings were grown in a greenhouse under a variety of simulated soil water conditions reflecting potential summer scenarios in the hydro-fluctuation belt of the Three Gorges Reservoir Area. We compared the responses of two pretreatment groups of mulberry seedlings to different levels of drought stress. The pretreatment groups differed with respect to drought hardening: the daily-managed (DM) group had relative soil moisture held constant in the range 70–80 %, while the drought-hardened (DH) group had relative soil moisture held constant at 40–50 %. Following the month-long pretreatment of seedlings, the two groups of young trees (DM and DH) were then respectively subjected to three levels of drought stress for a month: normal watering, moderate drought stress, and severe drought stress. A series of measurements comparing the physiological status of the plants in the two groups were then made, and the following results were obtained: (1) As drought stress increased, the heights, base diameters, root surface areas, photosynthetic rates (Pn), stomatal conductances (Gs), and transpiration rates (Tr) of the mulberry trees in both groups (DM and DH) decreased significantly, while the specific root area and abscisic acid (ABA) contents had increasing trends. Root activity and instantaneous water use efficiency of mulberry trees in both groups (DM and DH) were all raised under drought stress conditions than under normal watering, but the root/shoot ratio and leaf water potential were lowered. (2) At the same level of soil water content, the heights, base diameters, root/shoot ratios, root surface areas, specific root areas, photosynthetic rates (Pn), stomatal conductances (Gs), and transpiration rates (Tr) of the young mulberry trees in the DH were all significantly higher than those of the control group (DM). Leaf water potential, instantaneous water use efficiency, and abscisic acid content of DH were all significantly lower than DM. Under different degrees of drought stress, the growth of mulberry trees will be inhibited, but the trees can respond to the stress by increasing the root absorptive area and enhancing capacity for water retention. Mulberry trees demonstrate strong resistance to drought stress, and furthermore drought resistance can be improved by drought hardening during the seedling stage.     

露天矿地质灾害应急救援智能调度系统研究*

为避免露天矿地质灾害对矿山及周边城市安全带来严重影响,提升灾害发生后的应急响应速度,以抚顺西露天矿为背景,提出西露天矿地质灾害应急救援智能调度系统的设计思路,按照“统分结合、集中管理”的模式,构建救援力量装备库、地理数据库、地质灾害链数据库,设计御灾保障体系模块及应急救援调度模块,研发地质灾害应急救援智能调度系统。研究结果表明:构建高效率的地质灾害应急救援智能调度系统具有重要的意义,可为我国露天矿山安全及防灾减灾体系建设提供实用工具。     

基于覆岩裂隙带发育高度的走向高抽巷合理位置确定

为确定大采高综采面高抽巷的合理位置，以李村煤矿1303工作面为研究背景，采用理论分析、数值模拟及现场监测等研究方法，对1303工作面覆岩裂隙发育特征、高抽巷空间位置对其围岩稳定性与抽采效果的影响规律进行系统研究。研究结果表明:高抽巷宜布置在覆岩裂隙发育区，远离回风巷道采动应力影响的位置；1303工作面覆岩破坏范围随推进距离增加，呈现先急剧增大后趋于稳定的趋势，工作面推进距离为300 m时，裂隙带高度稳定在50 m左右，形成瓦斯抽采的优势通道；高抽巷距离煤层顶板、回风巷越近，越易失稳，不利于长期抽采，综合考虑高抽巷不同位置时的瓦斯抽采效率及围岩稳定性，确定其合理位置分别是距离回风巷平距为35 m，垂距为45 m；结合现场瓦斯浓度监测结果，得出上隅角、工作面、回风巷瓦斯浓度最大值分别为0.42%，0.24%，0.33%，远低于瓦斯超限标准1%，进一步证明高抽巷层位的合理布置，可以提高瓦斯抽采效果。