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111.
Dai Ming Qin Jian Dai Xie’er. Research Centre for Regional Urban Development Jinan University Guangzhou Guangdong China . Faculty of Mathematics Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou Guangdong 《中国人口.资源与环境(英文版)》2008,6(1):72-78
There is an obvious departure from the regional equilibrium of developments between the upper and lower reaches of the Pearl River in Guangdong, which resulted in "the effects of contra-geography-grads development". It is mainly because the upriver mountainous areas have been deeply stuck in industrialization delay and marginalization plights, so that nearly 40 million local people have conceived a dream to get rid of "the vicious circle of poverty" by speeding up industrial development. But the problem is that such industrialization efforts on a large scale in mountainous areas are encountering the bottleneck of environmental capacity that strictly limits industrial emissions along the upper reaches of any water system. As a solution, an institutional arrangement called "the Local Area Quotas for Industrial Emissions along the Pearl River" is put forward supposed to give corresponding compensation to the rights of industrial development yielded by some areas with lower environmental capacity through the distribution and trading of IDQs. 相似文献
112.
特种设备安全工程是安全管理工程的一个分支,也是企业管理工程的一个重要组成部分。特种设备安全工程主要包括承压设备与起重设备安全管理领域所涉及到的设计、制造、使用、维护、检修、监测、事故调查及人员培训教育等方面的内容。特种设备安全状况及特种作业人员的安全技术素质与企业的安全生产密切相关,提高设备本质安全和作业人员的安全意识与安全操作技能是企业安全管理工作中必不可少的内容。 相似文献
113.
湖北野生食果资源特点及其开发途径 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
野生食果为营养丰富的食用资源植物。在深入调查的基础上,分析了湖北野生食果资源的特点,提出了野生食果资源开发的对策以及产品深加工的途径,为野生食果资源的开发利用打下了坚实的基础。 相似文献
114.
115.
运用主成分与聚类分析相结合的方法,根据《甘肃省城镇体系规划和城镇基础设施报告(2003)》,《中国优秀旅游城市检查标准》。甘肃省旅游局2004年对国内游客的抽样调查数据(2004),以及对甘肃省主要城市基础设施、社会经济发展等方面28项指标进行的主成分——因子聚类分析综合评价结果,得出主要城市的体系与功能评价,初步探讨甘肃省旅游城市体系,根据结果初步得出,甘肃省旅游城市体系分为,国际旅游城市——敦煌,省内一级旅游中心城市——兰州,省内二级旅游中心城市以及省内三级旅游中心城市和地方旅游中心城镇,并为各个城市的城市旅游形象和城市旅游标识体系,旅游城市的发展方向等进行了概念性规划。 相似文献
116.
Zhang Y Ruan L Fasola M Boncompagni E Dong Y Dai N Gandini C Orvini E Ruiz X 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2006,118(1-3):355-368
The rapidly developing Asian countries may face threatening environmental contamination, that however remains largely unassessed.
We studied persistent trace elements in three wetlands, Poyang Lake, relatively unpolluted, and Tai Lake, and Pearl River
Delta, selected as hotspots of pollution in Central China. We adopted as indicator the Little Egret, a widespread colonial
waterbird, and during 1999 and 2000 we collected and analysed the same samples as for a parallel study we conducted in Pakistan,
e.g. eggs, body feathers of chicks, prey spontaneously regurgitated by the chicks, and sediments at the areas most used by
foraging egrets. The levels of trace-metals at our three study areas were similar, or within the range, of those found in
the few other studies for East Asia, with few exceptions. The concentrations of the various elements were below the threshold
that may affect the survival or reproduction of the birds, and even the highest concentrations relative to background, i.e.
Se in eggs, and Hg in feathers at Pearl Delta, do not pose toxic hazards. In sediments, the levels of trace elements were
lower than the critical levels assumed for contaminated soil, except for alarming high levels of As at Poyang. These results
do not confirm our expectation, that Poyang was relatively uncontaminated, while Tai and Pearl were polluted. Although trace
metal concentration differed significantly among the three study areas, these differences were minor and were not consistent
among elements and samples. The bioaccumulation ratios from sediments through prey, feather and egg, were consistent with
our previous findings for Pakistan. Only Hg exhibited high bioaccumulation, while Se and Zn had low accumulation, and the
other elements no accumulation. This reasserts that feathers of predators such as egrets, may be more sensitive indicators
of environmental contamination for the elements subject to bioaccumulation, whereas the sediments or the organisms low in
the food chain are better indicators for the other elements. 相似文献
117.
不同氮源和曝气方式对淡水藻类生长的影响 总被引:13,自引:3,他引:10
利用水族箱微宇宙研究了2种氮源水体中不同曝气条件对藻类生长的影响.试验使用铵态氮(NH4+-N)和硝态氮(NO3--N)作为氮源,每种氮源水体分别设置不曝气、连续曝气、昼间曝气和夜间曝气4个处理.结果显示:试验初期以NH4+-N为主要氮源的水体中藻类生长明显好于以NO3--N为主要氮源的水体.试验后期则以NO3--N为主要氮源的藻类生长情况更好.连续曝气对于2种氮源水体中藻类生长有着不同的影响;昼间曝气对2种氮源的藻类生长影响不大;而夜间曝气对藻类生长有明显的抑制作用.NH4+-N含量较高的水体中蓝藻容易成为优势种,而NO3--N含量高的水体中则以绿藻为主.不同曝气条件下藻类优势种没有明显差别. 相似文献
118.
重型柴油车车载排放实测与加载影响研究 总被引:5,自引:2,他引:3
采用车载排放测试仪,对2辆重型柴油卡车在空载和加载条件下进行实际道路车载排放测试.通过分析获得了油耗与排放速率的速度-加速度及其工况点的分布,发现高油耗与高排放工况点主要集中在高速加速区域,加载时油耗与排放高值随工况点分布更广;车辆在(30±2.5)km·h-1等速及加速行驶时受加载影响最大,此时加载油耗与排放约是空载的1.6~3.2倍左右;由实测结果发现,卡车Ⅰ和卡车Ⅱ加载时油耗及CO、HC、NOx排放因子分别是空载的1.6倍、3.5倍、1.1倍、1.5倍以及1.2倍、1.0倍、0.9倍和1.5倍,加载对油耗与NOx排放影响最为明显,对HC影响最小,CO影响取决于车辆保养水平;卡车Ⅱ较卡车Ⅰ车型更大,发动机功率更高,相同荷载时受加载影响较小,说明重型车在发动机负荷可承受的范围内合理装载,有助于避免油耗与排放恶化,提高燃油经济性和排放水平. 相似文献
119.
Ionic liquid-containing semipermeable membrane devices (IL-SPMDs) were developed to monitor the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in water. Uptake kinetics of naphthalene, 1-methylnaphthalene, phenanthrene, pyrene, chrysene by layflat low-density polyethylene tubing (15 cm x 2 cm) filled with 0.5 ml 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ionic liquid were studied in a laboratory continuous-flow system for the duration of 16 days. The device concentration factors were in the range of 830-7800 for the studied PAHs. The kinetic parameters of IL/water partition coefficients, analytes uptake rate constants and sampling rates were estimated using mathematical models. These parameters were used in the field experiment to estimate the concentrations of the PAHs in Lanzhou section of Yellow River in China, with the result in comparison with that obtained by triolein-SPMD. 相似文献
120.
Spatial distribution of nonylphenol polyethoxylates (NPEOs) and nonylphenol (NP) was investigated in a field study in Lanzhou Reach of the Yellow River. NPEOs and their metabolites were found in the river, with the maximum dissolved concentrations of 6.38 nmol/L for NPEOs, 0.19 nmol/L for nonylphenol ethoxy acetic acids (NPECs) and 0.79 nmol/L for NP, respectively. The maximum concentrations in the sediment and suspended particle samples were 1.50 and 5.09 nmol/g for NPEOs and NP, respectively. The effects of particles, light and microorganism on the dissipation of NPEOs in the river water were investigated based on lab-scale experiments. When natural particles were removed, 72% and 22% degradation of NPEOs were achieved at 120 h in non-sterile and sterile conditions with light, respectively. Different concentrations of NPECs were also observed in these experiments. When suspended particle matters (SPMs) were present, about 38-50% of NPEOs were sorbed to the particulate phase in only 1 h. As a result, the degradation of NPEOs and production of NPECs were inhibited. However, the combined sorption and degradation in the presence of SPMs resulted in lower dissolved NPEO concentrations than those in the absence of SPMs. Biodegradation was the most important pathway for NPEOs degradation in the river water, while NPECs seemed to be produced through both biological and abiological pathways. 相似文献