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101.
Elena Romano Luisa Bergamin Antonella Ausili Maria Celia Magno Massimo Gabellini 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2016,23(11):10514-10528
The study of benthic foraminifera in sediment cores provides the opportunity to recognize environmental changes, including those due to the anthropogenic impact. The integration of these data with chemical-physical parameters provides a comprehensive quality assessment. This research was applied to a sediment core collected in the Augusta bay, where a very large commercial and military harbor and one of the largest petrochemical poles in Europe are present. Inside the petrochemical area also operated, from 1958 to 2003, a chlor-alkali plant with mercury cell technology which caused anthropic contamination of surrounding land and marine areas. The sediment core was collected in front of this plant and characterized for grain size and pollutants directly associated to chlor-alkali activity, such as mercury (Hg), barium (Ba), polychlorobiphenyls (PCBs), and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Composition of foraminiferal assemblages and faunal parameters such as specific diversity, faunal density, abundance of abnormal specimens, and foraminiferal size were investigated as potential indicators of environmental status. Statistical analysis indicated a main common origin for Hg, Ba, and PCBs and the influence of pollutants on species distribution and faunal diversity and density. Exceptionally high Hg concentrations (63–680 mg/kg d.w.) were recorded in the whole core, where the geochronological study attributed the most contaminated levels to the period of maximum activity of the chlor-alkali plant, while a decrease of contamination was recorded after the stop of the activity. Distinct foraminiferal assemblages identified different ecozones along the core, which suggested decreasing anthropogenic impact from the bottom to the top. 相似文献
102.
103.
Environmental Fluid Mechanics - The influence time distribution in Santa María La Reforma coastal lagoon, which is one of the most productive ecosystems in Mexico, has been numerically... 相似文献
104.
Gonzalez-Ocampo H Romero-Schmidt H Serrano-Pinto V Arguelles C Salinas F Rodríguez A Castellanos A Ortega-Rubio A 《Journal of environmental biology / Academy of Environmental Biology, India》2004,25(1):27-38
Aquaculture offers a major opportunity for the economic development of Baja California Sur (BCS), Mexico. The severely limited freshwater supply and the geographic isolation of the state place limits on other productive activities. Despite the aridity, the natural vegetation of BCS is diverse and structurally complex with a high percentage (20%) of endemic species. In this work we compare the environmental impacts produced by two kinds of aquaculture systems: coastal ponds vs. inland ponds. Construction and operation of coastal ponds does not require destruction of the natural vegetation and, as is true for inland ponds. Coastal ponds are also compatible with conservation of mangroves, sea grasses and sensitive habitats for fish and mollusks. To reduce the negative impacts of aquaculture and to protect the vegetation of Baja California Sur, we recommend the use of coastal ponds for shrimp production. 相似文献
105.
106.
Minganti V Cornara L Piana M Corallo A Mariotti MG 《Journal of environmental monitoring : JEM》2004,6(1):23-25
Samples of Pteris vittata L. (brake fern or ladder brake) collected in Genova and in areas outside urban centres, have been analysed for arsenic content in order to assess if hyper accumulating plants are suitable for monitoring purposes. Hyper accumulation ability of the Ligurian fern populations was evaluated by analysing specimens grown with hydroponic media added with As(v). Arsenic concentrations in the range 2-310 microg g(-1) dry weight have been measured in samples collected in different sites along the Ligurian coast. Arsenic concentrations in fern fronds correlate with the estimated arsenic emission in the area, verifying the applicability of P. vittata as an arsenic biomonitor. 相似文献
107.
Paolo Cocci Francesco Alessandro Palermo Luana Quassinti Massimo Bramucci Antonino Miano Gilberto Mosconi 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2016,28(5):48-53
Environmental estrogen-like compounds (i.e. xenoestrogens) are a variety of pollutants, ranging from synthetic to natural occurring molecules, that are found in surface and waste waters over a wide range of concentrations. In aquatic environment, the overall estrogenic activity is often due to the presence of a mixture of chemicals and their degraded products which can induce synergistic effects. Current strategies for monitoring estrogen-like chemicals are based on the use of a battery of in vivo and in vitro ecotoxicological tests. In this regard, the aim of the present work was to carry out a bio-monitoring study for testing estrogenicity of the Chienti river (Marche Region, Italy) by using both an E-screen and a vitellogenin (Vtg) induction assay in juvenile goldfish. Three sites were used for analysis, localized at the mouth (sampling point 1), in the middle (sampling point 2) and at the origin (sampling point 3) of Chienti river. For most of the water samples (i.e. samples collected at sampling points 2 and 3), clear estrogenic activity was detected in the E-screen assay suggesting different proliferation activities in function of the collecting site. In contrast, the Vtg ELISA demonstrated that water samples collected from each sampling point were estrogenic. Overall, we showed for the first time that the estrogenic activities in water samples from the Chienti river were significant in both in vivo and in vitro; we also observed a different sensitivity between bioassays. 相似文献
108.
The competitive sorption among Cu, Pb and Cr in ternary system on Na-montmorillonite at pH 3.5, 4.5 and 5.5 and at different heavy metal concentrations, and the effect of varying concentrations of Al, Fe, Ca and Mg on the sorption of heavy metals were studied. Competitive sorption of Cu, Pb and Cr in ternary system on montmorillonite followed the sequence of Cr ? Cu > Pb. Moreover, the competition was weakened by the increase of pH while was intensified by the increase of heavy metal concentration. The sorption of heavy metal on montmorillonite was inhibited by the presence of Ca and Mg, while Al and Fe showed different patterns in affecting heavy metal sorption. Aluminum and Fe generally inhibited the sorption of heavy metal when the pH and/or concentration of major elements were relatively low. However, promoting effects on heavy metal sorption by Al and Fe were found at relatively high pH and/or great concentration of major elements. The inhibition of major elements on heavy metal sorption generally followed the order of Al > Fe > Ca ? Mg, while Fe was more efficient than Al in promoting the sorption of heavy metals. These findings are of fundamental significance for evaluating the mobility of heavy metals in polluted environments. 相似文献
109.
Marco Iotti Paola Fabbri Massimo Messori Francesco Pilati Patrizia Fava 《Journal of Polymers and the Environment》2009,17(1):10-19
Organic–inorganic hybrid coatings based on poly(ε-caprolactone), poly(ethylene oxide) or poly(lactic acid) as organic phase
and silica from tetraethoxysilane as inorganic phase were prepared by the sol–gel approach. Coatings were applied onto poly(lactic
acid) films for food packaging in order to improve its barrier properties towards oxygen and water vapour. All the prepared
coatings were dense, homogeneous layers characterized by a good adhesion to the substrate. The permeance of the coating layers
resulted one order of magnitude lower than that of the uncoated poly(lactic acid) (PLA) film. The hydrophilic character of
the coating did not permit to gain a significant decrease in the water vapour permeance. The perfect visual transparency of
the coatings allows their application without worsening of the esthetical properties of the substrate PLA film. 相似文献
110.
Tancredi Caruso Massimo Migliorini Charlie Bucci Roberto Bargagli 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2009,157(11):2939-2948
Although exogenous factors such as pollutants can act on endogenous drivers (e.g. dispersion) of populations and create spatially autocorrelated distributions, most statistical techniques assume independence of error terms. As there are no studies on metal soil pollutants and microarthropods that explicitly analyse this key issue, we completed a field study of the correlation between Oribatida and metal concentrations in litter, organic matter and soil in an attempt to account for spatial patterns of both metals and mites. The 50-m wide study area had homogenous macroscopic features, steep Pb and Cu gradients and high levels of Zn and Cd. Spatial models failed to detect metal–oribatid relationships because the observed latitudinal and longitudinal gradients in oribatid assemblages were independent of the collinear gradients in the concentration of metals. It is therefore hypothesised that other spatially variable factors (e.g. fungi, reduced macrofauna) affect oribatid assemblages, which may be influenced by metals only indirectly. 相似文献