久效磷对海洋微藻毒性机理的初步研究III.超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化物酶活性的变化

报道了久效磷对3种海洋微藻细胞内2种清除活性氧的关键性酶--超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化物酶活性的影响.结果显示:1.在久效磷的胁迫下,扁藻和三角褐指藻细胞的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性均表现出下降的总变化趋势,而叉鞭金藻细胞的SOD活性时而上升,时而下降,在整个胁迫过程中呈现出无规律性的变化.2.随着久效磷胁迫时间的延长,3种微藻细胞的过氧化物酶活性均逐渐下降,表现出相同的变化规律性.这说明不同的藻种,久效磷对其细胞内酶活性的影响不尽相同.推测超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化物酶(POD)活性的降低是微藻细胞内过量产生活性氧,进而引起藻细胞膜脂过氧化伤害的主要原因之一.     

Antioxidative response to Cd in a newly discovered cadmium hyperaccumulator, Arabis paniculata F

A hydroponic experiment was carried out to study the effect of cadmium (Cd) on growth, Cd accumulation, lipid peroxidation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) content and antioxidative enzymes in leaves and roots of Arabis paniculata F., a new Cd hyperaccumuator found in China. The results showed that 22-89 microM Cd in solution enhanced the growth of A. paniculata after three weeks, with 21-27% biomass increase compared to the control. Cd concentrations in shoots and roots increased with increasing Cd supply levels, and reached a maximum of 1662 and 8670 mg kg(-1) Cd dry weight at 178 microM Cd treatment, respectively. In roots, 22-89 microM Cd reduced the content of malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide (O(2)(-1)) and H(2)O(2) as well as the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), guaiacol peroxidase (GPX), ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and glutathione reductase (GR). In leaves, the contents of MDA, O(2)(-1) and H(2)O(2) remained unaffected by 22-89 microM Cd, while 178 microM Cd treatment significantly increased the MDA content, 69.5% higher than that of the control; generally, the activities of SOD, catalase (CAT), GPX and APX showed an increasing pattern with increasing Cd supply levels. Our present work concluded that A. paniculata has a great capability of Cd tolerance and accumulation. Moderate Cd treatment (22-89 microM Cd) alleviated the oxidative stress in roots, while higher level of Cd addition (178 microM) could cause an increasing generation of ROS, which was effectively scavenged by the antioxidative system.     

焦炭和废铁屑微电解预处理垃圾渗滤液的研究

研究表明,废铁屑和焦炭微电解是预处理垃圾渗滤液的一种有效方法,可去除垃圾渗滤液COD、色度和腐殖酸等污染物质,改善其可生化性、降低负荷,为后续生化处理创造良好的条件.通过静态正交实验确定废铁屑和焦炭最佳投加体积比为1∶3;最佳反应pH值为4;动态实验中,反应时间为1 h时,COD和色度去除率分别高达68%和91%;BOD/COD从0.3提高到0.5左右.     

模拟垃圾填埋场稳定化过程研究

采用垃圾填埋堆体模拟装置，对杭州市城市生活垃圾在１９９８年２月至１９９８年１０月期间稳定化过程中的垃圾渗滤液水质指标变化、堆体内部温度变化、垃圾减量化、沉降高度和产气量进行了研究，装入模拟装置的２２１ｋｇ生活垃圾经８个月的降解后，垃圾减量化显著，总量降至１２７ｋｇ，其中有机组分由９４．８ｋｇ（４２．９％）降至２０．９３ｋｇ（１６．５％），无机组分由７２．７１ｋｇ（３２．９％）降至５３．６５ｋｇ（４     

基于落石棚洞冲击试验的落石冲击力研究

基于落石棚洞冲击试验,考虑不同落石重量、高度和冲击角度对落石冲击力的影响,分析了落石冲击力在这三个因素影响下的变化规律,发现落石高度与棚洞顶板倾角共同变化时,随着落石高度的增加和棚洞顶板倾角的减小落石冲击力增大,增大幅度达80.02%;落石高度与重量共同变化时,当落石重量较小,落石冲击力随着落石高度增加后的变化幅度较小,反之较大,最大值较最小值的增大幅度达182.10%;棚洞顶板倾角和落石重量共同变化时,落石重量比棚洞顶板倾角对落石冲击力的影响大,增大幅度达48.99%。然后基于正交试验分析发现落石重量是影响落石冲击力最重要的因素,其次为落石高度,最后为棚洞顶板倾角。最后通过回归分析获得了棚洞落石冲击力计算公式,并通过方差分析证明了棚洞落石冲击力计算公式与各因素间的回归关系高度显著,因此该公式可用于落石棚洞设计时冲击力的计算。     

Plasmonic silver/silver oxide nanoparticles anchored bismuth vanadate as a novel visible-light ternary photocatalyst for degrading pharmaceutical micropollutants

The degradation of pharmaceutical micropollutants is an intensifying environmental problem and synthesis of efficient photocatalysts for this purpose is one of the foremost challenges worldwide.Therefore,this study was conducted to develop novel plasmonic Ag/Ag₂O/BiVO₄ nanocomposite photocatalysts by simple precipitation and thermal decomposition methods,which could exhibit higher photocatalytic activity for mineralized pharmaceutical micropollutants.Among the different tre...     

遂宁市主城区环境空气质量现状及原因分析研究

利用遂宁市2017年1月份4个国控环境空气自动监测数据,分析了遂宁市主城区环境空气质量现状,与整个成渝地区和周边城市的空气质量进行了横向比较,并阐述了遂宁市空气质量变化的原因.结果发现遂宁市主城区2017年1月份空气质量指数的范围为32～203,优良率为54.8％,首要污染物为PM2.5,空气质量同比下降了22.8％,环比下降了26.1％,但均显著优于成渝地区和周边城市的平均水平,并从4个方面阐述了空气质量下降的原因.最后,根据遂宁市大气污染现状,提出了4条针对性的防治措施.     

Combined application of chemical fertilizer with green manure increased the stabilization of organic carbon in the organo-mineral complexes of paddy soil

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The influence of the combined application of chemical fertilizer with green manure on the stabilization of organic carbon (C) was explored in the...     

负压二次曝气二氧化氯发生器的研制与应用

以氯酸钠和工业盐酸为基本原料,采用独特的负压二次曝气工艺,在催化剂作用下,经氧化还原反应产生以二氧化氯为主的混合消毒气体,经吸收后形成一定浓度的二氧化氯混合消毒液,与待处理水充分混合,达到杀菌消毒的目的。