全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1651篇 |
免费 | 29篇 |
国内免费 | 22篇 |
专业分类
安全科学 | 33篇 |
废物处理 | 123篇 |
环保管理 | 137篇 |
综合类 | 169篇 |
基础理论 | 378篇 |
环境理论 | 1篇 |
污染及防治 | 544篇 |
评价与监测 | 174篇 |
社会与环境 | 134篇 |
灾害及防治 | 9篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 31篇 |
2022年 | 91篇 |
2021年 | 90篇 |
2020年 | 45篇 |
2019年 | 42篇 |
2018年 | 100篇 |
2017年 | 76篇 |
2016年 | 100篇 |
2015年 | 49篇 |
2014年 | 101篇 |
2013年 | 144篇 |
2012年 | 103篇 |
2011年 | 119篇 |
2010年 | 79篇 |
2009年 | 88篇 |
2008年 | 75篇 |
2007年 | 77篇 |
2006年 | 59篇 |
2005年 | 56篇 |
2004年 | 32篇 |
2003年 | 37篇 |
2002年 | 24篇 |
2001年 | 26篇 |
2000年 | 15篇 |
1999年 | 4篇 |
1998年 | 3篇 |
1997年 | 4篇 |
1996年 | 6篇 |
1995年 | 1篇 |
1994年 | 2篇 |
1993年 | 3篇 |
1992年 | 1篇 |
1991年 | 3篇 |
1990年 | 2篇 |
1989年 | 2篇 |
1988年 | 1篇 |
1986年 | 1篇 |
1985年 | 2篇 |
1982年 | 1篇 |
1981年 | 1篇 |
1979年 | 1篇 |
1978年 | 2篇 |
1973年 | 1篇 |
1972年 | 1篇 |
1969年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有1702条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
101.
Tominaga Flávio Kiyoshi Silva Thalita Tieko Boiani Nathalia Fonseca de Jesus Juliana Mendonça Silva Teixeira Antonio Carlos Silva Costa Borrely Sueli Ivone 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(19):23975-23983
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Wastewater and effluent discharges are the main causes of receiving water body pollution and important challenges in water quality management. Among... 相似文献
102.
Coller Graziano Schiavon Marco Ragazzi Marco 《Environment, Development and Sustainability》2021,23(8):11279-11296
Environment, Development and Sustainability - Due to the high density of users hosted everyday, public buildings are important producers of waste and emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs). Public... 相似文献
103.
Gabriel N. de O. Teixeira Arthur M. S. da Cruz Gisella R. L. Samanamud Alexandre B. França Luzia L. R. Naves Diego Melo 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2020,55(1):19-29
AbstractThe main objective of this study is the degradation of a synthetic solution of atrazine by a modified vermiculite catalyzed ozonation, in a rotating packed bed (RPB) reactor. A 0.5?L RPB reactor was used to perform the experiments, using a Central Composite Design (CCD) response surface to construct the quadratic model based on the factors: pH, catalyst concentration and reactor rotation frequency. The response variable was the removal of the organic load measured in terms of Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD). After the complete quadratic model was constructed through the response surface, the COD degradation process had an optimal removal of 41% under the following conditions: pH 8.0, rotation of 1150?rpm and catalyst concentration 0.66?g L?1. 相似文献
104.
AbstractObjective: The number of e-bike users has increased significantly over the past few years and with it the associated safety concerns. Because e-bikes are faster than conventional bicycles and more prone to be in conflict with road users, e-bikers may need to perform avoidance maneuvers more frequently. Braking is the most common avoidance maneuver but is also a complex and critical task in emergency situations, because cyclists must reduce speed quickly without losing balance. The aim of this study is to understand the braking strategies of e-bikers in real-world traffic environments and to assess their road safety implications. This article investigates (1) how cyclists on e-bikes use front and rear brakes during routine cycling and (2) whether this behavior changes during unexpected conflicts with other road users.Methods: Naturalistic data were collected from 6 regular bicycle riders who each rode e-bikes during a period of 2 weeks, for a total of 32.5?h of data. Braking events were identified and characterized through a combined analysis of brake pressure at each wheel, velocity, and longitudinal acceleration. Furthermore, the braking patterns obtained during unexpected events were compared with braking patterns during routine cycling.Results: In the majority of braking events during routine cycling, cyclists used only one brake at a time, favoring one of the 2 brakes according to a personal pre-established pattern. However, the favored brake varied among cyclists: 66% favored the rear brake and 16% the front brake. Only 16% of the cyclists showed no clear preference, variously using rear brake, front brake, or combined braking (both brakes at the same time), suggesting that the selection of which brake to use depended on the characteristics of the specific scenario experienced by the cyclist rather than on a personal preference. In unexpected conflicts, generally requiring a larger deceleration, combined braking became more prevalent for most of the cyclists; still, when combined braking was not applied, cyclists continued to use the favored brake of routine cycling. Kinematic analysis revealed that, when larger decelerations were required, cyclists more frequently used combined braking instead of single braking.Conclusions: The results provide new insights into the behavior of cyclists on e-bikes and may provide support in the development of safety measures including guidelines and best practices for optimal brake use. The results may also inform the design of braking systems intended to reduce the complexity of the braking operation. 相似文献
105.
Amanda Xuereb Cassidy C. D'Aloia Marco Andrello Louis Bernatchez Marie-Josée Fortin 《Conservation biology》2021,35(3):909-920
The availability of genomic data for an increasing number of species makes it possible to incorporate evolutionary processes into conservation plans. Recent studies show how genetic data can inform spatial conservation prioritization (SCP), but they focus on metrics of diversity and distinctness derived primarily from neutral genetic data sets. Identifying adaptive genetic markers can provide important information regarding the capacity for populations to adapt to environmental change. Yet, the effect of including metrics based on adaptive genomic data into SCP in comparison to more widely used neutral genetic metrics has not been explored. We used existing genomic data on a commercially exploited species, the giant California sea cucumber (Parastichopus californicus), to perform SCP for the coastal region of British Columbia (BC), Canada. Using a RAD-seq data set for 717 P. californicus individuals across 24 sampling locations, we identified putatively adaptive (i.e., candidate) single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) based on genotype–environment associations with seafloor temperature. We calculated various metrics for both neutral and candidate SNPs and compared SCP outcomes with independent metrics and combinations of metrics. Priority areas varied depending on whether neutral or candidate SNPs were used and on the specific metric used. For example, targeting sites with a high frequency of warm-temperature-associated alleles to support persistence under future warming prioritized areas in the southern coastal region. In contrast, targeting sites with high expected heterozygosity at candidate loci to support persistence under future environmental uncertainty prioritized areas in the north. When combining metrics, all scenarios generated intermediate solutions, protecting sites that span latitudinal and thermal gradients. Our results demonstrate that distinguishing between neutral and adaptive markers can affect conservation solutions and emphasize the importance of defining objectives when choosing among various genomic metrics for SCP. 相似文献
106.
Hani R. El Bizri Thaís Q. Morcatty João Valsecchi Pedro Mayor Jéssica E. S. Ribeiro Carlos F. A. Vasconcelos Neto Jéssica S. Oliveira Keilla M. Furtado Urânia C. Ferreira Carlos F. S. Miranda Ciclene H. Silva Valdinei L. Lopes Gerson P. Lopes Caio C. F. Florindo Romerson C. Chagas Vincent Nijman Julia E. Fa 《Conservation biology》2020,34(2):438-448
The switch from hunting wild meat for home consumption to supplying more lucrative city markets in Amazonia can adversely affect some game species. Despite this, information on the amounts of wild meat eaten in Amazonian cities is still limited. We estimated wild meat consumption rates in 5 cities in the State of Amazonas in Brazil through 1046 door-to-door household interviews conducted from 2004 to 2012. With these data, we modeled the relationship between wild meat use and a selection of socioeconomic indices. We then scaled up our model to determine the amounts of wild meat likely to be consumed annually in the 62 urban centers in central Amazonia. A total of 80.3% of all interviewees reported consuming wild meat during an average of 29.3 (CI 11.6) days per year. Most wild meat was reported as bought in local markets (80.1%) or hunted by a family member (14.9%). Twenty-one taxa were cited as consumed, mostly mammals (71.6%), followed by reptiles (23.2%) and then birds (5.2%). The declared frequency of wild meat consumption was positively correlated with the proportion of rural population as well as with the per capita gross domestic product of the municipality (administrative divisions) where the cities were seated. We estimated that as much as 10,691 t of wild meat might be consumed annually in the 62 urban centers within central Amazonia, the equivalent of 6.49 kg per person per year. In monetary terms, this amounts to US$21.72 per person per year or US$35.1 million overall, the latter figure is comparable to fish and timber production in the region. Given this magnitude of wild meat trade in central Amazonia, it is fundamental to integrate this activity into the formal economy and actively develop policies that allow the trade of more resilient taxa and restrict trade in species sensitive to hunting. 相似文献
107.
108.
Sardine (Sardina pilchardus) spawning seasonality in European waters of the northeast Atlantic 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Yorgos Stratoudakis Stephen Coombs Ana Lago de Lanzós Nicholas Halliday Gersom Costas Bruno Caneco Concha Franco David Conway M. Begoña Santos Alexandra Silva Miguel Bernal 《Marine Biology》2007,152(1):201-212
Egg data from ichthyoplankton monitoring sites in the western English Channel (1988–2003) and northern Spain (1990–2000) and
macroscopic maturity data from biological samples of purse seine landings in western and southern Iberia (1980–2004) are used
to describe the spawning seasonality of sardine (Sardina pilchardus) in European waters of the northeast Atlantic using generalised additive models. The fitted models reveal a double peak in
spawning activity during early summer and autumn in the western Channel, a wider spring peak off northern Spain and a broad
winter season in the western and southern Iberian Peninsula. At all sites, a high probability of spawning activity was observed
over at least 3 months of the year, with the duration of the season increasing with both decreasing latitude and increasing
fish size. Off western and southern Iberia there are indications that the spawning season has been of longer duration in recent
years for all size classes (reaching in some cases 8 months of the year for large fish). These patterns are in general agreement
with existing literature and theoretical expectations of sardine spawning being driven locally by the seasonal cycle of water
temperature, assuming preferences for spawning at 14 –15°C and avoidance for temperatures below 12°C and above 16°C. Regional
quotient plots indicated that spawning tolerance to higher temperatures increases progressively with decreasing latitude.
Despite the weak evidence for geographical differences in temperature tolerance that may have some genetic origin, the degree
of spatio-temporal overlap in sardine-spawning activity within Atlantic European waters is unlikely to promote any reproductive
isolation in that area. 相似文献
109.
Verônica da Fonsêca-Genevois Paul J. Somerfield Maria Helena Baeta Neves Ricardo Coutinho Tom Moens 《Marine Biology》2006,148(5):1039-1050
An experiment was undertaken at Farol Island, Brazil, to examine colonization of bare aluminium surfaces by microbes and meiofauna.
It was hypothesized that a primary source of meiofaunal colonists was sediment resuspended during upwelling events, two of
which occurred during the experiment. Microbial biofilms formed on the experimental substrata within 1 day, and continued
to develop throughout the experimental period. Among meiofaunal groups copepods also appeared on the first day, and nematodes
on the second. Meiofaunal community structure developed in three main phases: an initial phase of 2 days, characterized by
low abundances of copepods; a second phase during the first upwelling period characterized by higher abundances of copepods
and also by turbellarians; and a third phase from day 13 onwards characterized by relatively stable abundances of a range
of taxa including copepods, cirripedes, nematodes and ostracods. Nematode assemblages also developed in three phases, but
with different timings coinciding with upwelling events: an initial phase, from the beginning of the experiment to day 9,
characterized by few species and low (or no) abundances; a second phase following the first upwelling characterized by moderate
abundances of Chromadorina, Chromadorella, Daptonema and Euchromadora sp. 3; a third phase following the second upwelling period (from day 26 onwards) in which Daptonema disappeared and the assemblage was characterized by moderate to high abundances of Euchromadora (species 1 and 2) and Chromadorella. Although shifts in nematode assemblage structure coincided with upwelling events no evidence was found for sediments being
the primary source of colonizers on the aluminium substrata, in contrast to our hypothesis. 相似文献
110.
S. S. De Silva 《Marine Biology》1973,20(4):282-290
The food and feeding habits of the herring Clupea harengus L. and the sprat C. sprattus (L.) as 0-group and older fish in inshore waters of the west coast of Scotland, were studied from April, 1970 to March, 1972. The two species occurred together. The diets of 0-group herring and sprats are almost identical, both qualitatively and quantitatively. Their daily feeding rhythms also coincide. It is probable that competition between these two species in their first year of life could occur if the food supply is limiting. Changes in diet between 0-group and older fish are more pronounced in herring than in sprats. The diet itself is mainly crustacean in both clupeids, with copepods contributing the major share. 相似文献