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81.
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Binding affinity of proanthocyanidin from waste Pinus radiata bark onto proline-rich bovine achilles tendon collagen type I 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Binding affinity of proanthocyanidin (PA) purified from Pinus radiata bark waste onto bovine Achilles tendon collagen (type I) was studied. Adsorption of PA onto the collagen was optimized by examining pH, contact time and temperature. The adsorption was pH-dependent. The maximum adsorption capacity (Q(0)) of PA on collagen was found to be 211 mg g(-1) using the Langmuir isotherm. Comparison between two adsorbents also showed that collagen had higher adsorptivity of approximately 20% more than PVPP (polyvinyl polypyrrolidone). The high affinity between PA and collagen was further confirmed in solvent solubility experiments. The observed solvent resistance was thought to be mainly due to a hydrophobic stacking mechanism reinforced by hydrogen bonding. FT-IR spectra clearly indicated the presence of PA adsorbed on collagen. The results have interesting implications that PA can be a good protective agent for collagen against collagenase and other enzymes. 相似文献
84.
在我国的环境监测技术规范中,对固定污染源排气中颗粒物浓度的测定要采三个以上平行样,但未对平行样的精密度作出相应的要求,讨论了固定污染源排气中颗粒物浓度的测定综合误差,从理论上推出较适合我国目前使用的监测平行样允许偏差范围值,并通过实际监测数据对其合理性给予了论证。 相似文献
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86.
The extensive literature on environmental justice has, by now, well defined the essential ingredients of cumulative risk,
namely, incompatible land uses and vulnerability. Most problematic is the case when risk is produced by a large aggregation
of small sources of air toxics. In this article, we test these notions in an area of Southern California, Southeast Los Angeles
(SELA), which has come to be known as Asthmatown. Developing a rapid risk mapping protocol, we scan the neighborhood for small
potential sources of air toxics and find, literally, hundreds of small point sources within a 2-mile radius, interspersed
with residences. We also map the estimated cancer risks and noncancer hazard indices across the landscape. We find that, indeed,
such large aggregations of even small, nondominant sources of air toxics can produce markedly elevated levels of risk. In
this study, the risk profiles show additional cancer risks of up to 800 in a million and noncancer hazard indices of up to
200 in SELA due to the agglomeration of small point sources. This is significant (for example, estimates of the average regional
point-source-related cancer risk range from 125 to 200 in a million). Most importantly, if we were to talk about the risk
contour as if they were geological structures, we would observe not only a handful of distinct peaks, but a general “mountain
range” running all throughout the study area, which underscores the ubiquity of risk in SELA. Just as cumulative risk has
deeply embedded itself into the fabric of the place, so, too, must intervention seek to embed strategies into the institutions
and practices of SELA. This has implications for advocacy, as seen in a recently initiated participatory action research project
aimed at building health research capacities into the community in keeping with an ethic of care. 相似文献
87.
全国铝电解工艺中采用侧插自焙阳极电解槽,其总产能约占70 % 。该槽型的有害烟气处理难度大,环境污染严重,已直接危及电解铝厂的生存。文章阐述了国内目前使用的传统净化技术存在的问题,探讨了解决烟气污染问题的有效办法,认为自焙改预焙是我国铝工业实现可持续发展战略的有效途径,选择荷电干法净化回收技术是现阶段铝电解烟气污染治理最有效的措施 相似文献
88.
On-farm water storages (locally known as farm dams or farm ponds) are an important part of many agricultural landscapes, as
they provide a reliable source of water for irrigation and stock. Although these waterbodies are artificially constructed
and morphologically simple, there is increasing interest in their potential role as habitat for native flora and fauna. In
this article, we present results from a case study which examined the habitat characteristics (such as water physical and
chemical parameters, benthic metabolism, and macrophyte cover) and the macrophyte and macroinvertebrate biodiversity of eight
farm ponds on four properties in the Stanley Catchment, Southeast Queensland, Australia. Each landowner was interviewed to
allow a comparison of the management of the ponds with measured habitat and biodiversity characteristics, and to understand
landowners’ motivations in making farm pond management decisions.
The physical and chemical water characteristics of the study ponds were comparable to the limited number of Australian farm
ponds described in published literature. Littoral zones supported forty-five macroinvertebrate families, with most belonging
to the orders Hemiptera, Coleoptera, Odonata, and Diptera. Invertebrate community composition was strongly influenced by littoral
zone macrophyte structure, with significant differences between ponds with high macrophyte cover compared to those with bare
littoral zones. The importance of littoral zone macrophytes was also suggested by a significant positive relationship between
invertebrate taxonomic richness and macrophyte cover.
The landowners in this study demonstrated sound ecological knowledge of their farm ponds, but many had not previously acknowledged
them as having high habitat value for native flora and fauna. If managed for aquatic organisms as well as reliable water sources,
these artificial habitats may help to maintain regional biodiversity, particularly given the large number of farm ponds across
the landscape. 相似文献
89.
The stage dependent susceptibility to lead in amphibian development was studied by exposing Bufo arenarum embryos during neurulae, neuromuscular activity and gill circulation stages for twenty hours to 1 ppm Pb(2+). Survival, malformations and behavioral disorders were evaluated. The embryonic susceptibility to lead was markedly stage dependent. The survival at the neuromuscular activity stage was approximately half that of the other two periods; concerning malformations, the gill circulation stage was the least sensitive. The observed malformations consisted of failed closure of neural tube, hydropsy, small and cylindrical tails, reduced body size and incurvations in the body axis. Some alterations occurred in all experimental groups and therefore were considered non-dependent on the period of treatment. In all experimental embryos, neurological disorders such as trembles and loss of equilibrium were observed. 相似文献
90.
Poncela LS Navarro PL Fernández CS Matarranz JL García JA 《Journal of environmental radioactivity》2005,79(3):347-354
During 1998 regional surveys were conducted to evaluate natural radiation exposure of people in the vicinity of the six Spanish nuclear power stations. Indoor radon, external gamma dose rates outdoors and indoors and radioactivity in soil were measured in these surveys. The highest mean annual effective dose to the population was found in the surroundings of the Almaraz nuclear power plant in the province of Cáceres and was mainly due to the presence of high radon concentrations in homes. In order to make a more accurate assessment of the dose coming from the radon in this area, a new and more extensive surgery on indoor radon with a total of 380 measurements was carried out in 2000 in the Campo Ara?uelo region around the Almaraz nuclear power station. From the results obtained in this survey, a population-weighted mean annual effective dose from radon exposure of 1.7 mSv y(-1), 44% lower than that previously reported in 1998, was estimated for the whole Campo Ara?uelo region. The maximum dose value due to radon exposure, about 4 mSv y(-1), was reached in the so-called La Vera area located in the north of this region. The relationship between the indoor radon concentrates experimentally measured, the geological characteristics of this geographic area and the information provided by the radiation map of the Spanish MARNA Project is also analyzed, confirming that La Vera area should be considered as a high radon level area. 相似文献