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51.
Sotiris Vardoulakis Julio Lumbreras Efisio Solazzo 《Atmospheric environment (Oxford, England : 1994)》2009,43(16):2509-2517
Passive diffusion tubes are recognised as a cost-effective sampling method for characterising the spatial variability, as well as the seasonal and annual trends, of NO2 concentrations in urban areas. In addition, NOX and O3 passive diffusion tubes have been developed and deployed in urban and rural areas. Despite their many advantages (e.g. low operational and analysis cost, small size and no need for power supply), they have certain limitations mainly related to their accuracy and precision. In particular, the absorbent solution used, the length of the exposure period, the exact location and use of protective devices, and other environmental conditions (e.g. wind, ambient temperature and relative humidity) may have a significant impact on the performance of passive diffusion tubes. The aim of this study is to evaluate the performance of co-located NO2, NOX and O3 diffusion tubes in an urban environment.A one-year passive sampling campaign was carried out in Birmingham (UK) for this purpose. NO2, NOX and O3 diffusion tubes (including triplicate sets of each) were co-located at one urban background and two roadside permanent air quality monitoring stations equipped with standard gas analysers. In addition, meteorological data, such as wind speed and direction, ambient temperature and relative humidity, were obtained during the same period of time. A thorough QA/QC procedure, including storage and laboratory blanks was followed throughout the campaign. The analysis of results showed a very good agreement of NO2 passive samplers with co-located chemiluminescence analysers, but substantial underestimations of total NOX levels by the diffusion tubes. The O3 diffusion sampler appeared to marginally overestimate the automatic UV analyser results, especially during warm weather periods. 相似文献
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Nicolás-López Porfirio Macías-Cruz Ulises Avendaño-Reyes Leonel Valadez-García Karen M. Mellado Miguel Meza-Herrera Cesar A. Díaz-Molina Raúl Castañeda Vielka J. Vicente-Pérez Ricardo Luna-Palomera Carlos 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2023,30(5):11562-11571
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Free ferulic acid (FA) is a natural compound with antioxidant properties which mitigates the negative effects of cold stress in sheep; however, its... 相似文献
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Wolke Tobón Tania Urquiza‐Haas Patricia Koleff Matthias Schröter Rubén Ortega‐Álvarez Julio Campo Roberto Lindig‐Cisneros José Sarukhán Aletta Bonn 《Conservation biology》2017,31(5):1086-1097
Ecological restoration has become an important strategy to conserve biodiversity and ecosystems services. To restore 15% of degraded ecosystems as stipulated by the Convention on Biological Diversity Aichi target 15, we developed a prioritization framework to identify potential priority sites for restoration in Mexico, a megadiverse country. We used the most current biological and environmental data on Mexico to assess areas of biological importance and restoration feasibility at national scale and engaged stakeholders and experts throughout the process. We integrated 8 criteria into 2 components (i.e., biological importance and restoration feasibility) in a spatial multicriteria analysis and generated 11 scenarios to test the effect of assigning different component weights. The priority restoration sites were distributed across all terrestrial ecosystems of Mexico; 64.1% were in degraded natural vegetation and 6% were in protected areas. Our results provide a spatial guide to where restoration could enhance the persistence of species of conservation concern and vulnerable ecosystems while maximizing the likelihood of restoration success. Such spatial prioritization is a first step in informing policy makers and restoration planners where to focus local and large‐scale restoration efforts, which should additionally incorporate social and monetary cost–benefit considerations. 相似文献
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Evidence from woodrat middens and tree rings at Dutch John Mountain (DJM) in northeastern Utah reveal spatiotemporal patterns of pinyon pine (Pinus edulis Engelm.) colonization and expansion in the past millennium. The DJM population, a northern outpost of pinyon, was established by long-distance dispersal (approximately 40 km). Growth of this isolate was markedly episodic and tracked multidecadal variability in precipitation. Initial colonization occurred by AD 1246, but expansion was forestalled by catastrophic drought (1250-1288), which we speculate produced extensive mortality of Utah Juniper (Juniperus osteosperma (Torr.) Little), the dominant tree at DJM for the previous approximately 8700 years. Pinyon then quickly replaced juniper across DJM during a few wet decades (1330-1339 and 1368-1377). Such alternating decadal-scale droughts and pluvial events play a key role in structuring plant communities at the landscape to regional level. These decadal-length precipitation anomalies tend to be regionally coherent and can synchronize physical and biological processes across large areas. Vegetation forecast models must incorporate these temporal and geographic aspects of climate variability to accurately predict the effects of future climate change. 相似文献
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This article presents an analysis of the application of a cleaner production program within a Brazilian printing company and describes its specific characteristics to propose a benchmark for similar efforts at other companies. As a result, a very number of improvement opportunities (136) were identified, indicating that the printing industry needs to make reasonable, collective efforts to ensure that companies' environmental systems reach international marks. 相似文献
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