影响总氮准确定量的光谱检测因素

对现行的双波长紫外分光光度法在测定水体总氮中由光学检测本身所产生的影响因素进行了探讨,提出了一种基于三波长的光谱检测总氮量的方法。结果表明,由于仪器信号波动或光散射引起的光谱检测基线上移所造成的误差可以用在NO3-没有吸收的340 nm处的吸光度加以判断,从而用三波长的方法扣除由于光谱基线上移对220 nm和275 nm处吸光度检测的干扰。对2个水样进行同样的光谱检测,以不同的计算公式所得的数据比较可以看出,三波长法明显优于双波长法。三波长法检测重现性相对偏差小于0.2%,其总氮含量的结果要比双波长法高7%～16%。这也解决了人们对总氮含量测定结果总是偏低的困惑。     

Correction to: Knowledge domain and emerging trends of carbon footprint in the field of climate change and energy use: a bibliometric analysis

Environmental Science and Pollution Research -     

Efficient activation of peroxymonosulfate by Co-doped mesoporous CeO2 nanorods as a heterogeneous catalyst for phenol oxidation

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Sulfate radical?based advanced oxidation processes have received considerable attentions in the remediation of organic pollutants due to their...     

Removal of perchlorate from contaminated waters using surfactant-modified zeolite

We investigated the potential of using surfactant (hexadecyltrimethylammonium)-modified zeolite (SMZ) as an inexpensive sorbent for removing perchlorate (ClO(4)(-)) from contaminated waters in the presence of competing anions. In batch systems, the presence of 10 mM OH(-) (i.e., pH 12), CO(3)(2-), Cl(-), or SO(4)(2-) had little effect on the sorption of ClO(4)(-) by SMZ, indicating that the sorption of ClO(4)(-) by SMZ was very selective. The presence of 10 mM NO(3)(-), however, reduced the sorption of ClO(4)(-) at low initial concentrations. The maximum sorption capacity for ClO(4)(-) by the SMZ remained relatively constant (40-47 mmol kg(-1)), in the absence or presence of the competing ions. In flow-through systems, ClO(4)(-) broke through the SMZ columns much later than other anions present in an artificial ground water. The affinity of the anions for SMZ followed the sequence of ClO(4)(-) > > NO(3)(-) > SO(4)(2-) > Cl(-). Perchlorate loading under dynamic flow-through conditions was 34 mmol kg(-1), somewhat less than the maximum loading of 40 to 47 mmol kg(-1) determined by the batch method. Less than 1% of previously sorbed ClO(4)(-) was leached out by ultra-pure water, by extraction fluid #1 of the standard toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP), or by a solution of 0.28 M Na(2)CO(3)/0.5 M NaOH. About 40% of the previously sorbed ClO(4)(-) was leached out from SMZ by a 0.5 M NO(3)(-) solution. The exchange of ClO(4)(-) with NO(3)(-) corroborated results of the batch tests where NO(3)(-) was shown to compete with ClO(4)(-) sorption.     

Assessment of water quality and identification of pollution sources of plateau lakes in Yunnan (China)

The plateau lakes of Yunnan are important both ecologically and economically in China. Nevertheless, the human impact on water quality in these lakes has become increasingly highlighted. The water quality of 10 plateau lakes was monitored regularly over the period of 2000 through 2004 for 24 parameters. Multivariate statistical techniques, including cluster analysis (CA), factor analysis (FA), and principal component analysis (PCA), were employed to better interpret information about the water quality and its pollution sources. No obvious data reduction from CA/FA was found because three principal components (PCs) needed 14 variables to explain 85.01% of the total variance. However, three latent factors accounted for pollution mainly from the following sources: agricultural activities, residential activities and anthropogenic-toxic pollution from industrial effluents, or other special activities. Box-whiskers plots were employed to visually interpret the spatiotemporal variations of water quality variables, which were highly correlated with three PCs. Three types of water quality (i.e., low-, medium-, and high-polluted lakes) were determined through CA based on the similarity of water quality variables. Our results may provide helpful information for the authorities to effectively manage the water quality and make sound policies.     

一种先进的长输管道管理方法

1概况 加拿大Enbridge公司(以下简称E公司)是北美地区最大的输油(含原油、成品油、人工合成油等)、气(液化气、天然气等)的管道运营公司.拥有管线7×104 km,公司职工4000余名.管道管径41～122 cm,采取不加热顺序输送75种液体,中间不设隔离球,日输量达27.4×104t.管道途经4个国家,即加拿大、美国、哥伦比亚和西班牙.该公司所辖的技术公司遍布世界各地,主要从事技术转让、咨询服务及天然气分配等.现在已与中国多家石油公司进行了合作,如与中石油签订了Gate way石油管道运输项目,2006年动工,2009年投产.     

美国研制成功未来24小时地震发生概率图

美国地质调查局不久前宣布了一个新的网页,该网页给出了加州未来24小时发生地震的概率图。这些图根据地理位置图解余震和可能的前震型地震概率的变化。     

一起反应釜爆炸事故原因分析

分析了某化工厂一起反应釜爆炸事故的可能原因,认为事故发生的原因主要是氮气置换失效及提前对反应釜进行加热,提出了预防措施.     

大型十字换乘车站结构地震响应及空间效应分析∗

由于换乘地铁车站结构在地下交通线网中发挥重要作用,且其相对于单体地铁车站具有结构复杂、三维不规则等特性,是典型的空间结构,不能采用平面模型进行分析,因此极有必要探讨大型十字换乘站的抗震性能。基于某大型十字换乘地铁车站,分别建立自由场、单体地铁车站、十字换乘地铁车站三维有限元模型,对比分析单体车站与换乘站结构的抗震性能差异,换乘站结构在不同地震动输入方向作用下的地震响应及其空间效应的影响范围。结果表明：(1)相对于单体车站,换乘站结构及其周围土体加速度响应、相对位移均小于单体车站,表明其整体抗震性能优于单体车站;(2)换乘站空间效应受地震动输入方向的影响较小,其中端墙的影响范围为 B,十字换乘节点的影响范围为 3B/2(B 为结构宽度)。     

Regional differential decomposition and convergence of rural green development efficiency: evidence from China

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - An objective understanding of the current situation and influencing factors of rural green development in China is an important prerequisite for...