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91.
Koski Tuuli-Marjaana Lindstedt Carita Klemola Tero Troscianko Jolyon Mäntylä Elina Tyystjärvi Esa Stevens Martin Helander Marjo Laaksonen Toni 《Behavioral ecology and sociobiology》2017,71(6):1-11
Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology - An individual’s metabolic competence is important when escalating to costly behaviours in agonistic encounters. The use of broken shells in the wild... 相似文献
92.
Tomás Escudero Michael Lee John Stevens Mireia Sandalinas Santiago Munné 《黑龙江环境通报》2001,21(9):760-766
Inversions are structural chromosome abnormalities that may be associated with infertility, multiple miscarriage and chromosomally unbalanced offspring. Preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) with subtelomeric probes was used to select for transfer only those embryos that were normal or balanced for three pericentric inversions. In contrast to previous protocols the present procedure allows the detection of unbalanced embryos that might arise from U-recombination in the inverted region. Additionally, aneuploidy screening was carried out in two cases by a second round of fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) with centromeric probes. Of the three couples that underwent the procedure one became pregnant twice. The first pregnancy delivered a healthy and chromosomally normal baby and the second pregnancy is ongoing with triplets. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
93.
Seiffert ER Nasir S Al-Harthy A Groenke JR Kraatz BP Stevens NJ Al-Sayigh AR 《Die Naturwissenschaften》2012,99(2):133-141
Despite significant recent improvements to our understanding of the early evolution of the Order Proboscidea (elephants and
their extinct relatives), geographic sampling of the group’s Paleogene fossil record remains strongly biased, with the first
~30 million years of proboscidean evolution documented solely in near-coastal deposits of northern Africa. The considerable
morphological disparity that is observable among the late Eocene and early Oligocene proboscideans of northern Africa suggests
that other, as yet unsampled, parts of Afro-Arabia might have served as important centers for the early diversification of
major proboscidean clades. Here we describe the oldest taxonomically diagnostic remains of a fossil proboscidean from the
Arabian Peninsula, a partial mandible of Omanitherium dhofarensis (new genus and species), from near the base of the early Oligocene Shizar Member of the Ashawq Formation, in the Dhofar Governorate
of the Sultanate of Oman. The molars and premolars of Omanitherium are morphologically intermediate between those of Arcanotherium and Barytherium from northern Africa, but its specialized lower incisors are unlike those of other known Paleogene proboscideans in being
greatly enlarged, high-crowned, conical, and tusk-like. Omanitherium is consistently placed close to late Eocene Barytherium in our phylogenetic analyses, and we place the new genus in the Family Barytheriidae. Some features of Omanitherium, such as tusk-like lower second incisors, the possible loss of the lower central incisors, an enlarged anterior mental foramen,
and inferred elongate mandibular symphysis and diminutive P2, suggest a possible phylogenetic link with Deinotheriidae, an extinct family of proboscideans whose origins have long been
mysterious. 相似文献
94.
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96.
Regional trends in soil acidification and exchangeable metal concentrations in relation to acid deposition rates 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
The deposition of high levels of reactive nitrogen (N) and sulphur (S), or the legacy of that deposition, remain among the world's most important environmental problems. Although regional impacts of acid deposition in aquatic ecosystems have been well documented, quantitative evidence of wide-scale impacts on terrestrial ecosystems is not common. In this study we analysed surface and subsoil chemistry of 68 acid grassland sites across the UK along a gradient of acid deposition, and statistically related the concentrations of exchangeable soil metals (1 M KCl extraction) to a range of potential drivers. The deposition of N, S or acid deposition was the primary correlate for 8 of 13 exchangeable metals measured in the topsoil and 5 of 14 exchangeable metals in the subsoil. In particular, exchangeable aluminium and lead both show increased levels above a soil pH threshold of about 4.5, strongly related to the deposition flux of acid compounds. 相似文献
97.
The coastal zone between Guilderton and Kalbarri, north of Perth, Western Australia, is a highly dynamic area of high landscape
and conservation values under increasing development pressures. Intensification of terrestrial and coastal impacts has highlighted
the need to develop a georeferenced data base for land management. The Coastal Assessment and Restoration project aimed to
document the natural resources and coastal developments to the region and to identify & assess threats to the coastal strip
through the creation of GIS datasets. GIS datasets provide a key source of reference information which can be accessed by
a number of stakeholders for future coastal planning and management and provide a basis for developing a risk management assessment
of the coastal zone and a strategy for coastal managers in our climate change future. 相似文献
98.
Colin A. Scholes Kathryn H. Smith Sandra E. Kentish Geoff W. Stevens 《International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control》2010,4(5):739-755
The application of membrane gas separation to CO2 capture from a coal gasification process is one potential solution to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. This review considers the potential for either H2- or CO2-selective membranes in an integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) process. In particular, the advantages and disadvantages of metallic, porous inorganic and polymeric membranes are considered. This analysis is extended to consider membrane technology as an enhancement to the water-gas shift reaction, to drive the production of hydrogen above the thermodynamic limit. The review concludes with a brief overview of the economics of incorporating membrane gas separation into the IGCC process and gives an indication of the potential economic use of membrane gas separation technology in the IGCC process. 相似文献
99.
Davies L Bell JN Bone J Head M Hill L Howard C Hobbs SJ Jones DT Power SA Rose N Ryder C Seed L Stevens G Toumi R Voulvoulis N White PC 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2011,159(8-9):2203-2210
OPAL is an English national programme that takes scientists into the community to investigate environmental issues. Biological monitoring plays a pivotal role covering topics of: i) soil and earthworms; ii) air, lichens and tar spot on sycamore; iii) water and aquatic invertebrates; iv) biodiversity and hedgerows; v) climate, clouds and thermal comfort. Each survey has been developed by an inter-disciplinary team and tested by voluntary, statutory and community sectors. Data are submitted via the web and instantly mapped. Preliminary results are presented, together with a discussion on data quality and uncertainty. Communities also investigate local pollution issues, ranging from nitrogen deposition on heathlands to traffic emissions on roadside vegetation. Over 200,000 people have participated so far, including over 1000 schools and 1000 voluntary groups. Benefits include a substantial, growing database on biodiversity and habitat condition, much from previously unsampled sites particularly in urban areas, and a more engaged public. 相似文献
100.
Amber Spackman Jones David K. Stevens Jeffery S. Horsburgh Nancy O. Mesner 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》2011,47(2):239-253
Spackman Jones, Amber, David K. Stevens, Jeffery S. Horsburgh, and Nancy O. Mesner, 2010. Surrogate Measures for Providing High Frequency Estimates of Total Suspended Solids and Total Phosphorus Concentrations. Journal of the American Water Resources Association (JAWRA) 1‐15. DOI: 10.1111/j.1752‐1688.2010.00505.x Abstract: Surrogate measures like turbidity, which can be observed with high frequency in situ, have potential for generating high frequency estimates of total suspended solids (TSS) and total phosphorus (TP) concentrations. In the semiarid, snowmelt‐driven, and irrigation‐regulated Little Bear River watershed of northern Utah, high frequency in situ water quality measurements were recorded in conjunction with periodic chemistry sampling. Site‐specific relationships were developed using turbidity as a surrogate for TP and TSS at two monitoring locations. Methods are presented for employing censored data and for investigating categorical explanatory variables (e.g., hydrologic conditions). Turbidity was a significant explanatory variable for TP and TSS at both sites, which differ in hydrologic and water quality characteristics. The relationship between turbidity and TP was stronger at the upper watershed site where TP is predominantly particulate. At both sites, the relationships between turbidity and TP varied between spring snowmelt and base flow conditions while the relationships between TSS and turbidity were consistent across hydrological conditions. This approach enables the calculation of high frequency time series of TP and TSS concentrations previously unavailable using traditional monitoring approaches. These methods have broad application for situations that require accurate characterization of fluxes of these constituents over a range of hydrologic conditions. 相似文献