气相色谱法测定水中的苦味酸

将水样中的苦味酸氯化后，用ECD气相色谱法测定氯化苦的量，来确定苦味酸的浓度。采用保留时间定性，外标法定量。实验表明，该方法能快速有效地提取并测定水体中的苦味酸。在HP-5毛细管柱上，对苦味酸的氯化产物有较好的分离效果。方法快速、反应较为彻底，灵敏度高，精密度和准确度较好。     

加热方式对垃圾热解过程中HCl析出特性影响的实验研究

在自行设计的小型外热式固定床试验台上，以垃圾中广泛存在的PVC为原料，通过改变加热方式、热解终温等参数。重点研究了快，慢两种加热方式下垃圾热解过程中HCl的析出特性，并从理论上进行了初步探讨。     

制备块体纳米材料的新工艺——等径角挤压

综述了等径角挤压法制备块体纳米材料的发展及其工艺原理 ,并在此基础上论述了等径角挤压材料的微观结构及其应用 ,指出了等径角挤压法目前存在的问题。     

Distribution of six anticancer drugs and a variety of other pharmaceuticals,and their sorption onto sediments,in an urban Japanese river

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The distributions of 31 pharmaceuticals grouped into nine therapeutic classes, including six anticancer drugs, were investigated in the waters and...     

Research status,challenges and future prospects of renewable synthetic fuel catalysts for CO2 photocatalytic reduction conversion

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - In recent years, with global climate change, the utilization of carbon dioxide as a resource has become an important goal of human society to achieve...     

Fluctuating asymmetry rather than oxidative stress in <Emphasis Type="Italic">Bufo raddei</Emphasis> can be an accurate indicator of environmental pollution induced by heavy metals

Oxidative stress (OS) and fluctuating asymmetry (FA) as risk markers for environmental stress are widely used to predict changes in the health and fitness of many animals exposed to pollutants. However, from the perspective of protecting declining amphibians, it remains to be verified which one would be a reliable indicator for amphibians exposed to long-term heavy metal pollution under natural conditions. In this study, the OS and FA of Bufo raddei exposed to natural heavy metal pollution were analyzed to determine which marker is more accurate for indicating heavy metal-induced stress. Three years of data were collected during the breeding season of B. raddei from Baiyin (BY), which has been mainly contaminated with Cu, Zn, Pb, and Cd compounds for a long period, and from Liujiaxia (LJX), which is a relatively unpolluted area. Unexpectedly, although significant accumulation of the four heavy metals was found in the kidney and liver of B. raddei from BY, the levels of superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and malondialdehyde in these two organs were found to be irregular, with low repeatability in both BY and LJX. However, significant differences in the levels of FA were observed in B. raddei populations from these two areas over the past 3 years (P < 0.01). The degrees of FA in B. raddei populations from BY and LJX were assessed as degree 4 and 1, respectively. In short, this study suggested that FA was a more reliable and effective indicator than OS to monitor and predict long-term environmental stress on anuran amphibians.     

Pollutant emission characteristics of rice husk combustion in a vortexing fluidized bed incinerator

Rice husk with high volatile content was burned in a pilot scale vortexing fluidized bed incinerator. The fluidized bed incinerator was constructed of 6 mm stainless steel with 0.45 m in diameter and 5 m in height. The emission characteristics of CO, NO, and SO2 were studied. The effects of operating parameters, such as primary air flow rate, secondary air flow rate, and excess air ratio on the pollutant emissions were also investigated. The results show that a large proportion of combustion occurs at the bed surface and the freeboard zone. The SO2 concentration in the flue gas decreases with increasing excess air ratio, while the NOx concentration shows reverse trend. The flow rate of secondary air has a significant impact on the CO emission. For a fixed primary air flowrate, CO emission decreases with the secondary air flowrate. For a fixed excess air ratio, CO emission decreases with the ratio of secondary to primary air flow. The minimum CO emission of 72 ppm is attained at the operating condition of 40% excess air ratio and 0.6 partition air ratio. The NOx and SO2 concentrations in the flue gas at this condition are 159 and 36 ppm, which conform to the EPA regulation of Taiwan.     

pH和DO对好氧颗粒污泥去除高氨氮废水的影响研究

研究使用SBR成功培养的结构紧密、外形规则,具有良好脱氮性能的成熟好氧颗粒污泥处理高浓度氨氮废水,并探讨pH和DO对其处理效果的影响,旨在为工程实践提供理论依据。通过人工模拟废水,以蔗糖作为唯一碳源,NH4Cl为氮源,将进水NH4+-N浓度由300 mg/L逐步提高至900 mg/L,相应的NH4+-N负荷由0.6 kg/(m3.d)提高至1.8 kg/(m3.d),考察pH和DO对其处理效果的影响。研究结果表明:当控制反应器pH为8.0,曝气量为75 L/h时,好氧颗粒污泥脱氮的效果最好,氨氮去处率分别为96.70%9、2.33%。由于运行过程中每隔15 min监测每个反应器pH值,使其维持在各自pH值7.0±0.1范围内。这种酸碱度环境对异养菌等微生物并没有产生抑制作用;因此在各pH条件下,COD去除的所需时间和去除率基本没有差别。在不同的DO下,COD在初始的60 min里降解速度有明显区别。曝气量为150 L/h时,COD的降解速度最快,但是曝气量过大颗粒污泥内部厌氧区被压缩,因此选择最佳的曝气量为75 L/h。     

中国金矿开采区环境汞污染

汞是金矿区环境的特征污染物。金汞同源性导致金矿床一般汞含量偏高,且在以混汞法为代表的提金过程影响下,导致了中国金矿区严重的环境汞污染问题。本文介绍了中国金矿分布与开采及选冶概况,研究了导致金矿区环境汞污染的原因,分析了金矿石选冶过程中汞的释放,并综述了金矿开采所致矿区土壤、水体、大气、生物体中汞污染状况,最后讨论了金矿区汞污染环境管理与生态修复。     

内江市磷肥厂磷矿石,磷肥样品中天然铀,镭—226含量分析

本文报道了内江市８个磷肥的磷肥及其原料矿石中天然铀，＾２２６Ｒａ含量水平，其结果为，磷肥样品中＾２２６Ｒａ含量２４５．８±１１２．９Ｂｑ．ｋｇ＾－１，天然铀含量２７．２±１６．４ｐｐｍ；磷矿石样品中＾２２６Ｒａ含量４０７．６±９４．３Ｂｑ．ｋｇ＾－１，天然铀含量３１．４±２１．０ｐｐｍ。