一种新型平流式沉淀池运行效果研究

在进水口加设调流板、溢流堰上沿水流方向设置溢流槽两个方面对传统平流式沉淀池进行了改进,设计提出了一种新型平流式沉淀池。通过试验研究分析了调流板和溢流槽对泥砂沉淀效果的影响,得出新型平流式沉淀池可以大大提高泥砂的沉淀效率,出池水流平均含砂量最大降幅可达94.8%,特别是对细颗粒泥砂的沉淀具有较好的效果。     

让纳若尔油田采出水处理汽提脱硫阻垢技术

让纳若尔油田采出水处理汽提脱硫工艺,高温工况下结垢严重,筛选合适的阻垢剂并对其进行应用评价,使脱硫塔达到良好的运行效果。文章分析了汽提脱硫装置结垢原因,进行了常规阻垢剂筛选评价、新型合成阻垢剂性能评价、化学平衡防垢技术的研究。结果表明：现场试运行实验投加有机复合酸离子调整剂A40mg／L、新型合成阻垢剂G－3为30mg／L,作为适合本工程的阻垢剂。     

橡胶产业对西双版纳生态环境影响初探

讨论了橡胶在开垦种植、割胶、更新阶段对生物多样性、动物生存环境、水土流失、水源、气候、土壤和水质污染、地质灾害等方面的生态影响,提出了橡胶产业在发展中如何减少对生态影响的对策措施.     

黑龙江省地下水污染防治对策

文章介绍了黑龙江省地下水污染的程度及其分布,揭示了地下水环境存在的天然水质不良、土壤盐渍化导致的原生盐溃化水环境问题及地下水污染、区域性地下水位持续下降筝导致的次生地下水环境问题,并分别从开发和推广节约用水的新技术及新工艺、对企业进行清洁生产评估和技术改造,减少工业污染排放、建立地下水水源保护工程及预警监测工程、完善地下水开采法律及法规等方面,提出了地下水保护的主要对策。     

Opportunities and challenges for development of urbanization in Western China

Urban and rural dual structure in Western China is obvious.The economic development of the central cities is relatively quick while that of the rural areas is lagging behind.The speeding up of urbanization contributes to the intensively uncoordinated development of urban and rural areas.Besides,the eco-fragile environment,shortage of available water resources,adverse geographic location,and relatively backward social economy restrict the development of urbanization in Western China.However,Western China also has the advantages of backwardness.This paper analyzes the present situation and development trend of urbanization in Western China.The results show that Western China has basically formed a development pattern with"industry promotes agriculture and urban leads to village".Therefore,combined with the present situation of Western China,this paper describes and analyzes the opportunities and challenges that may appear in the process of urbanization in Western China,puts forward the development pattern in which urban and rural areas can gain mutual support and co-development,and provides related recommendations.     

城市污水处理厂污泥中多氯二苯并二噁英/呋喃的分布特征

采用同位素稀释法-高分辨气相色谱-质谱测定了2007年北京8个污水处理厂污泥样品中多氯二苯并二噁英(PCDDs)和多氯二苯并呋喃(PCDFs)的分布情况,并根据毒性当量系数计算了污泥中PCDD/Fs的毒性当量(I-TEQPCDD/Fs).样品的I-TEQPCDD/Fs为1.4-15.0pg·g-1dw,平均值为6.0p...     

Stereoselective toxicity of malathion and its metabolites, malaoxon and isomalathion

In recent years, the stereoselective toxicity of chiral organophosphorus pesticides has received increasing attention from environmental toxicology scientists. In an attempt to explore the stereoselective effects of chiral organophosphorus pesticides on non-target organisms and enzymes, this work investigated the stereoselective toxicity and inhibition of malathion, malaoxon and isomalathion on Daphnia magna and on acid α-naphthyl acetate esterase extracted from wheat flour, respectively. Toxicity differences were observed between the two enantiomers of malathion and malaoxon and among the four stereoisomers of isomalathion in the LC50 values on D. magna and the IC50 values on acid α-naphthyl acetate esterase. Enantiomers with (R)-configuration in all the tested compounds showed higher toxicity to D. magna than their (S)-forms and racemic forms. Racemic malaoxon and isomalathion showed the strongest inhibition on acid α-naphthyl acetate esterase compared to their respective enantiomers and stereoisomers.     

Characteristics of particulate matter pollution in the Pearl River Delta region, China: an observational-based analysis of two monitoring sites

Two-year monitoring data (2006 and 2009), collected at the sub-urban site (WQS) and the background site (TH), were used to study the characteristics of Particulate Matter (PM) pollution in the Pearl River Delta region, China. Similar levels of PM(2.5) concentration measured at both sites seem to confirm that the fine particles have emerged as a major regional pollution issue. The seasonal variation of PM(2.5) concentration is associated with the regional monsoon circulations while the diurnal variation is related to land-sea breeze, traffic emissions and boundary layer development. Negative correlation was found in PM(2.5)-wind speed and PM(2.5)-humidity. Analysis of radiation, temperature and ozone suggests the existence of secondary aerosol formation. Transport effect may be another contributing factor to high PM pollution in the region, such as occasional long-distance dust intrusion and trans-boundary effects from upwind areas.     

水质监测中存在的若干技术问题 (续)

在全国“持证上岗”、“计量认证”、实验室现场考核和《亚洲地区实验室精度管理手册》编制过程及“监测质量调查”的基础上，发现我国部分环境监测站在水质监测的实际操作、试样前处理、监测分析方法选择及数据分析等方面尚存在一些技术问题。在分析这些问题的同时，提出了解决办法和建立我国质量保证指标体系的建议。     

Recovery elemental sulfur from calcium sulfide prepared by red gypsum in sulfuric acid wastewater treatment

Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management - Red gypsum comes from TiO2 production industry by sulfate method, which comes from the low acidic liquid stream treatment using lime or limestone....