微生物絮凝剂产生菌的初步筛选及条件试验

从活性污泥中筛选到18株絮凝剂产生菌,经复筛得到一株高效絮凝剂产生菌L-3.分别研究了碳源、氮源、无机盐、初始pH值、培养温度等对其产生絮凝剂的影响.结果表明,葡萄糖、玉米淀粉是较好的碳源,酵母膏为最佳氮源,最适宜培养温度为30 ℃,初始pH为7～9,摇床转速为160 r/min.     

油品真实蒸汽压多元非线性回归

油品蒸气压是从事油品蒸发损耗研究、计算油品蒸发损耗量的重要参数,但是仅有美国石油学会给出的诺模图,给利用计算机来计算储罐蒸发损耗带来了很大困难.为了利用计算机来计算储罐的蒸发损耗,运用Excel中的回归功能,对原始数据进行必要的转换,进行了真实蒸气压的多元非线性回归,回归出了油品真实蒸气压计算公式.结果显示,回归的方程具有很高的精度,利用回归方程编制了计算软件,为储罐蒸发损耗计算提供帮助.     

TiO2/凹凸棒土复合催化剂的制备及光催化降解活性大红

以凹凸棒土作为载体,以 TiOSO4为钛源,采用超声分散-再沉淀法制备了 TiO2粒径为 10 nm 左右的锐钛矿型 TiO2/凹凸棒土复合催化剂.并采用 X 射线衍射仪、透射电子显微镜、X 射线能谱仪对复合催化剂进行了表征.制备复合催化剂的最佳条件:凹凸棒土与 TiO2的质量比为 1:3.0,煅烧温度为 450 ℃....     

Current status and research on E-waste issues in Asia

Rapid economic growth in Asia and the increasing transboundary movement of secondary resources will increasingly require both 3R endeavors (reduce, reuse, recycle) in each country and appropriate control of international material cycles. Recently, managing electrical and electronic waste (E-waste) has become an important target for domestic and international material cycles from the viewpoints of environmental preservation and resource utilization efficiency. To understand the current status of E-waste issues in the context of international material cycles and to discuss the future tasks related to achieving 3R in the region, we organized the National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES) E-waste Workshop in December 2004. This article reviews past studies on E-waste and briefly describes the topics presented and discussions held at the workshop. The topics at the workshop included E-waste generation, recycling systems, international trade, and environmental impacts. In addition, we discussed various issues such as terminology, current environmental concerns, and possible solutions. Transboundary shipments of E-waste should be conducted taking into consideration the concept of sustainable development. The direction of future research and possible collaborations are also discussed.     

基于信息加工模型的飞行员差错分析与分类

建立了飞行员信息加工模型。基于该模型,飞行员人为差错可按照认知行为过程分为信息感知差错、信息处理差错、决断差错、行为操作差错,并结合差错模式分类框架进行更详细地分类;影响飞行员认知和行为的情境条件可分为外部差错影响因素和内部差错影响因素。对以往飞行人为差错的分析表明,在信息加工层面分类的人为差错更宜于确定差错的心理机制。基于该理论模型的差错分类系统可以提高人为差错分析的有效性和一致性,从而提高差错管理的有效性。     

Assessing Ecotourism from a Multi-stakeholder Perspective: Xingkai Lake National Nature Reserve,China

Ecotourism development is closely associated with the sustainability of protected natural areas. When facilitated by appropriate management, ecotourism can contribute to conservation and development, as well as the well-being of local communities. As such, ecotourism has been proposed and practiced in different forms in many places, including China. This study assesses ecotourism development at Xingkai Lake National Nature Reserve in Heilongjiang Province, China. Key informant interviews were conducted with representatives from the provincial Forestry Department, the Nature Reserve, and the local community. Observation was undertaken on three site visits and secondary data were collected. The potential for providing quality natural experiences is high and tourism development is occurring rapidly. However, current relationships between people, resources, and tourism have yet to provide mutual benefits necessary for successful ecotourism. The multi-stakeholder management style and the ambiguity of landownership within the nature reserve constitute structural difficulties for ecotourism management and operation. Although participation in ecotourism could provide a livelihood opportunity and interests in involvement in tourism have been identified among the local fishing community, current involvement is limited mainly due to the lack of mechanisms for participation. Therefore, it is recommended that management programs and government policies should be established to provide a platform for community participation in ecotourism. Then, a positive synergistic relationship between tourism, environment, and community could be developed. Planning and policy requirements are discussed for ecotourism development in protected areas in China.     

含油污泥调剖技术在陇东油田悦29区的应用

针对长庆陇东油田悦29区注水平面矛盾突出的特点,优选了含油污泥调剖技术。详细介绍了调剖体系的配制,调剖体系性能测试表明其相关性能指标满足要求。进行了驱替模拟试验,结果表明:其封堵作用可以维持较长时间,通过对不同注水井组进行现场应用,显示该技术能改善水驱开发效果,可以满足油藏深部封堵大孔道的技术要求,有增油降水效果。     

环境化学进展动态

本文概述了近年来环境化学包括环境分析化学、环境污染化学、环境污染控制化学、生态化学等方面研究的一些新进展     

阳离子染料废水治理技术

介绍了阳离子染料废水的特点,以及近年来阳离子染料废水的各种处理技术,并对阳离子染料废水处理技术的发展进行了展望,指出阳离子废水处理技术正朝着各种工艺优化组合的方向发展。