冬季降雪过程对城市大气气态汞污染的影响

2009年降雪和非降雪期间对北京西北城区的气态总汞浓度进行了连续采样,比较了降雪期间、非降雪期间的气态总汞浓度日变化过程;降雪期间气态总汞浓度的降低和恢复过程。结果表明,降雪和非降雪期间大气气态总汞浓度的日均值有显著差异,降雪期间气态总汞的平均浓度为5．64ng·m^-3,非降雪期间的平均浓度为7．43ng·m^-3,前者约为后者的70％。降雪后约7h气态总汞浓度恢复到降雪前水平。研究中分析了气象因素（气压、风速、阵风速度、气温和相对湿度）对于气态总汞浓度的影响,结果表明：降雪期间主要受到风速（r=-0．527）和阵风速度（r=-0．574）的影响;非降雪期间主要受到风速（r=-0．691）,阵风速度（r=-0．726）和相对湿度（r=0．692）的影响,并且相对湿度的影响与风速的影响相近。降雪和非降雪期间气态总汞的日变化有所差异：非降雪期间气态总汞浓度在午夜和清晨较高,日变化趋势与相对湿度一致;降雪期间气态总汞的日变化没有明显规律。     

高层建筑火灾最佳疏散路线的确定

高层建筑发生火灾后，在现场情况比较复杂的情况下，尽快地选择一条既安全、疏散时间又短的疏散路线，是室内人员快速、安全撤离火场的重要保障。在应用高层建筑火灾全风网网络模拟软件HRBFS模拟火灾时建筑物内烟流体积分数的基础上，结合当时人员的分布情况，提出了最佳疏散路线的算法。     

新型抗氧化膜材料PSAA的研制

对聚亚磺酰氨基酰胺(PSAA)作为新型抗氧化反渗透膜材料的可能性,以及聚合条件和成膜条件对膜性能的影响作了初步研究。     

Emission Inventories of Carbon-containing Greenhouse Gases in China and Technological Measures for Their Abatement

The report summarizes surveys on carbon inventories and initiatives on sustainable carbon cycling taken by the Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, where the authors work/worked. The first part of the report, which appeared in the preceding issue of this journal, deals with the concept of sustainable carbon cycling, the historic evolution of carbon cycling processes in China, carbon pool enhancement, value addition, carbon sequestration and carbon balance. This very paper, as the second part of the report, covers the results of carbon dynamics modeling, emission inventories of various carbon-containing greenhouse gases and their potential abatement measures.     

An interactive simulation model of urban ecosystem and its implementation

An interactive simulation model is established based on the methodology of "sensitivity model" (SM) during the cooperative research process between the founders of SM and the authors. And the conceptual framework of SM is developed into the interactively qualitative and quantitative simulation model presented in this paper, which makes it possible to break down a complex urban ecosystem into simple and visual quantitative or qualitative relationships between the factors. By studying the dynamic responses of the system to the changes of the inputs and parameters of the model, future trends in urban development can be predicted and strategies formulated. The whole process is realized on micro-computer in the course of man-computer interaction. Its potential use is shown in a case of Tianjin City.     

Role of interaction between selenium and organic matters on causes of Kaschin-Beck disease

Influences of organic matters of soil and water on speciation and biological utilization of selenium are discussed. Humic acid is found to be the main pool of selenium in soil and affects the bio-availability of the element in soil-plant system. Fulvic acid from drinking water inhibits the absorption of selenium taken from diet. The relationship between high content of organic matters of water and selenium deficiency on the causes of KBD could be reflected in the limited synthesis of glutathione peroxidase, which is generally stimulated by fulvic acid from drinking water.     

Spatial and temporal distribution of total ozone over China

１　ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＯｚｏｎｅｉｓｏｎｅｏｆｔｈｅｔｒａｃｅｇａｓｅｓｉｎａｔｍｏｓｐｈｅｒｅ．Ｉｔｃａｎａｂｓｏｒｂｎｅａｒｌｙａｌｌｓｏｌａｒｕｌｔｒａｖｉｏｌｅｔｒａｄｉａｔｉｏｎ（ＵＶＢ）ｒａｎｇｅｄｆｒｏｍ０－２０—０－３５μｍ．Ｔｈｅｃｈａｎｇｅｏｆｓｔｒａｔｏｓｐｈｅｒｉｃｏｚｏｎｅｃｏｎｃｅｎｔｒａｔｉｏｎａｎｄｉｔｓｖｅｒｔｉｃａｌｓｔｒｕｃｔｕｒｅｗｉｌｌｉｎｆｌｕｅｎｃｅｔｈｅｔｅｍｐｅｒａｔｕｒｅｓｔｒｕｃｔｕｒｅｏｆｓｔｒａｔｏｓｐｈｅｒｅ．Ｔｈｅｄｅｃｒｅａ…     

Regional eco-environmental analysis of Yuxi River-Chaohu Lake

Yuxi River-Chaohu Lake water suffers greatly from the ecological problems of eutrophication, high turbidity, organic pollution, disappearance of littoral macrophyte, bank erosion and reduction of economic fishery products. With Micro-cystis dominant, it is a degenerated and weak ecosystem. Its vicious cycling is caused by too much nutrient load, high spring water level and improper management of the water. The point sources of pollution from cities and industries contribute more than 50% of nutrient load. Soil erosion and fertilizer loss from late rice fields are important factors in non-point nutrient load. The disappearing littoral zone can neither give enough protection for the bank nor provide proper habitats for the biota. The feasibility of " ecological water level proposal" and means to reduce nutrient load are discussed to improve the habitat environment for both the nature and human being.     

福建龙岩中甲锡多金属矿床构造控矿特征

中甲锡多金属矿床是受政和一大埔断裂带的低序级构造所控制的矿床。控矿构造研究表明，锡矿化及矿体主要受NE－NNE、NW向断裂、裂隙以及接触带构造的复合控制，构造变形以服性—脆韧性为主，构造控矿型式多样并决定矿（化）体的空间定位方式，形成高中温热液型、破碎蚀变岩型、斑宕型锡多金属矿床，成为中甲锡多金属矿床的重要成矿地质条件之一。     

Effects of temperature on population growth and intake of food by the army worm, Mythimna separata (Walker)

Population life tables of the army worm, Mythimna separata, were constructed and nutritional parameters of food for the larvae were examined at 5 temperatures from 16℃ to 32℃. The temperature suitable for growth and reproduction of the insect ranged from 20℃ to 28℃ with the optimum of 24℃. Their survivalship and fecundity were much poorer at 32℃ than at 16℃. Indices of population trend of the insect at these temperatures could well fitted with the parabolic curve which theoretically indicated that the population density would multiply by some 660 after one generation circle at the optimal temperature, 22.6℃, and it would decline at temperatures higher than 32.9℃ or lower than 12.3℃. Larval food intake and their AD tended to go up while their ECI and ECD to go down with a rise in temperature. These alterations in population size and feeding behavior caused by temperature would exert an important effect on their damage to crops.