陶瓷精密滤膜处理乳化液废水的研究

以确立乳化液废水处理技术作为目的,采用陶瓷精密滤膜进行乳化废液的过滤,对其过滤性进行研究。研究结果表明,操作压力在40～60 kPa范围,只要采用孔径为1.5μm以下的陶瓷精密过滤膜,均能获得90%以上的截留率,这与本研究所测定的乳化液粒子的分布结果相一致。从而表明采用膜分离技术处理乳化液废水,是一种行之有效的方法。      

不同类型土壤对SO42-吸附特性的研究

为了进一步探讨我国酸沉降对水陆生态环境的影响以及典型地区生态系统对酸沉降的缓冲能力和临界负荷值,笔者对赣、鄂、湘３省具有代表性的土壤的ＳＯ吸附特性进行了研究。结果表明,红壤,待别是江西省的红壤,吸附ＳＯ的能力最强,最大吸附量达１１．５２ｍｇ／ｇ士;其余依次为黄壤、棕红壤、黄褐壤和黄红壤,最大吸附量分别为１１．１４,８．８３,６．８６和６．５３ｍｇ／ｇ土;红色石灰壤对ＳＯ的吸附能力最弱,最大吸附量仅３．５５ｍｇ／ｇ土,只及红壤的３０．８％。可以预计,就地区而言,以红壤为主的江西省是我国对酿沉降最敏感的地区之一。     

Distribution of endocrine-disrupting PCBs in hard roes of loaches and their potential ecological effects in Weishanhu Lake, China

Preliminary study is carded out on the endocrine-disrupting organic chemicals of polychlorinated biphenyls( PCBs. PCB-28, 60,104, 153, 190) in hard roes of Ioaches( Misgurnus anguillicaudatas) in Weishanhu Lake, China. Results showed that the hard roes of Ioacbes collected from the areas near the influx( such as Pengkou T-PCB =0. 243μg/g) or efflux( such as Hanzhuang T-PCB = 0. 221μg/g)are characterized by higher PCB contents, about 4 times that from the central lake(T-PCB = 0.066-μg/g), suggesting great difference between their pollutions. The PCB distributions indicated that PCB congeners with more chlorine are more easily accumulated in roes of Ioachee. The microscopic characteristics reveal that the PCB contents at present cannot lead the roes of Ioaches to be abnormal.However, the roes with higher PCBs in Pengkou and Hanzhuang are obviously bigger than those with lower PCBs(T-PCBs≤0. 176μg/g)in other localities. It is suggested that PCBs have a stronger estrogenic activity on the roes of Ioaches, and the phenomenon is likely premonitory for the abnormal development of the hard roes.     

深厚黄土覆盖层上土石坝地震响应特性分析

采用非线性有限单元法和笔者曾提出的动孔压试验曲线法,对某深厚黄土覆盖层上土石坝进行了有效应力法地震响应分析,重点分析大坝的绝对加速度、动位移和动应力等动力响应及动孔隙水压力分布情况。分析结果表明,在现有设计条件下,由于坝基软弱黄土覆盖层较厚,大坝在7度地震作用下地震响应不强烈,但坝基黄土覆盖层会出现液化情况,需采取相应的抗液化工程措施。     

Delineation of basic farmland based on the quality and spatial stability: a case study of Yingtan City,China

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Delimiting basic farmland is essential to ensure food security and maintain social stability. Determining the quantity and spatial layout of the basic...     

冲击载荷下叠合岩层巷道围岩的应力演化数值模拟研究——基于岩层运动并行计算系统StrataKing∗

煤系地层属于典型的层状沉积岩层,这在传统连续介质模型中不能被较好反映。为了探究冲击载荷下叠合岩层巷道围岩的应力演化规律,采用以拉格朗日元与离散元耦合连续?非连续方法为基础发展的岩层运动并行计算系统 StrataKing,基于理想化模型分析了巷道上表面附近应力波的叠加。阐明了应力波叠加导致顶板开裂机理,并且探讨了冲击载荷幅值的影响规律。研究发现：在原始压应力波传至巷道上表面附近测点后,该测点的最大主应力刚开始呈下降?上升?下降的变化趋势,这是由原始压、拉应力波不同时刻的叠加不同导致的;由于次级应力波的波长较原始应力波的小,次级压、拉应力波的单独作用更明显,它们的叠加使巷道上表面附近测点能产生更低和更高的最大主应力,甚至导致顶板开裂;冲击载荷幅值越大,近似阶梯增长阶段中拉裂纹平均发展速度越快,巷道围岩最终开裂范围越大,巷道围岩平衡越困难。