离子交换纤维对金属氰络合物吸附性能的研究

采用强碱性离子交换纤维对含氰废水中主要离子铜氰络合物、锌氰络合物的吸附性能进行了研究。实验结果表明：含氰废水的pH在8—11范围内，纤维材料对金属氰络合物具有良好的吸附性能；纤维对铜氰络合物、锌氰络合物的吸附速率很快，4min左右就可达吸附平衡；温度对铜氰络合物、锌氰络合物吸附影响不大，纤维的这些吸附特点对工业应用非常有利。     

广州分公司外输成品油埋地管线安全分析

广州分公司外输成品油埋地管线运行多年,已达到或接近设计使用寿命。通过对管线运行情况以及管线周边状况对管线安全影响的分析,认为这些外输埋地成品油管线运行现状存在安全隐患,应采取整改措施。     

城市垃圾焚烧渗沥液中Ca2+对厌氧EGSB处理效果的影响简

研究了城市生活垃圾焚烧厂渗沥液中Ca²⁺对厌氧颗粒污泥膨胀床反应器（EGSB）处理效果的影响，并采用静态实验方法考察了Ca²⁺对厌氧颗粒污泥产甲烷活性的影响。实验结果表明，进水COD为17 000 mg/L的条件下，当Ca²⁺浓度低于6 000 mg/L时，EGSB对COD去除率达93%以上；当Ca²⁺浓度高于6 000 mg/L时，COD去除率随运行时间明显下降，并在污泥中形成大量沉淀。静态实验结果表明，废水中低浓度Ca²⁺促进了厌氧颗粒污泥的产甲烷活性，但高浓度Ca²⁺明显抑制了其产甲烷活性，这是导致高Ca²⁺浓度条件下EGSB对COD去除率降低的主要原因。研究表明，颗粒污泥产甲烷活性恢复程度随Ca²⁺浓度增加而减弱。     

Effects of Cd(II) on the stability of humic acid-coated nano-TiO2 particles in aquatic environments

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The stability of nanoparticles (NPs) in aquatic environments is important to evaluate their adverse effects on aquatic ecosystems and human health....     

Assessment of the availability of As and Pb in soils after in situ stabilization

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The in situ stabilization has been widely used to remediate metal-contaminated soil. However, the long-term retaining performance of heavy metals and...     

Sources and historical record of tin and butyl-tin species in a Mediterranean bay (Toulon Bay,France)

Concentrations of inorganic tin (Sn_inorg), tributyltin (TBT) and its degradation products dibutyltin (DBT) and monobutyltin (MBT) were measured in surface sediments and in two cores from the Toulon Bay, hosting the major French military harbour. Anticipating planned dredging, the aim of the present work is to map and evaluate for the first time the recent and historic contamination of these sediments by inorganic and organic Sn species derived from antifouling paints used for various naval domains including military, trade, tourism and leisure. Tin and butyl-Sn concentrations in the bay varied strongly (4 orders of magnitude), depending on the site, showing maximum values near the shipyards. The concentrations of total Sn (1.3–112 μg g^?1), TBT (<0.5–2,700 ng g^?1), DBT (<0.5–1,800 ng g^?1) and MBT (0.5–1,000 ng g^?1) generally decreased towards the open sea, i.e. as a function of both distance from the presumed main source and bottom currents. Progressive degradation state of the butyl-Sn species according to the same spatial scheme and the enrichment factors support the scenario of a strongly polluted bay with exportation of polluted sediment to the open Mediterranean. Low degradation and the historical records of butyl-Sn species in two ²¹⁰Pb-dated sediment cores, representative of the Northern Bay, are consistent with the relatively recent use of TBT by military shipyards and confirm maximum pollution during the 1970s, which will persist in the anoxic sediments for several centuries. The results show that (a) degradation kinetics of butyl-Sn species depend on environmental conditions, (b) the final degradation product Sn_inorgBT is by far the dominant species after 10–12 half-life periods and (c) using recent data to reliably assess former TBT contamination requires the use of a modified butyl-Sn degradation index BDI_mod. Resuspension of extremely contaminated subsurface sediments by the scheduled dredging will probably result in mobilization of important amounts of butyl-Sn species.     

柠檬酸淋洗去除电子垃圾污染土壤中的重金属

采用柠檬酸溶液对模拟电子垃圾污染土壤（简称污染土壤）中Cu,Pb,Cd 3种重金属进行淋洗实验,考察了柠檬酸溶液的浓度、柠檬酸溶液的pH、淋洗时间等对污染土壤中Cu,Pb,Cd的淋洗效果,探讨了柠檬酸溶液淋洗前后污染土壤中Cu,Pb,Cd 3种重金属各形态含量的变化。研究结果表明,在柠檬酸溶液的浓度0.100 mol/L、柠檬酸溶液的pH 5、淋洗时间1 440 min的适宜条件下,对污染土壤中Cu,Pb,Cd的去除率分别达到89.37%,72.11%,86.39%。柠檬酸溶液对3种重金属的去除主要是通过洗出酸可提取态（R1）和酸可还原态（R2）来实现的,每种重金属的R1和R2之和均占到其淋出总量的95%以上,而酸可氧化态（R3）和残渣态（R4）的含量淋洗前后基本无变化。     

利用粉煤灰制备镁橄榄石微晶玻璃的研究

为丰富微晶玻璃外观色泽，提高产品竞争力，利用氟硅酸盐在微晶玻璃制备中可作成核剂的特性，经过理论分析确定以粉煤灰提取有价成分后的含氟固体残渣为主要原料生产镁橄榄石微晶玻璃的配料。通过等温晶化制度对产品进行晶化处理；运用扫描电镜对产品的结晶过程进行观察；采用X射线衍射分析确定产品的主晶相，验证是否生成了该配料条件下的目标晶相。研究表明，晶化产物中生成了大量以镁橄榄石为主晶相的微晶体，且基础玻璃的熔融温度大为降低，该原料配比是成功的。     

聚乙烯醇生物降解菌群的结构分析及优势菌株降解特性

对堆肥中降解聚乙烯醇材料的微生物菌群结构进行了分析。结果表明:降解聚乙烯醇材料的优势菌群属于芽胞杆菌科(Bacillaceae)。从降解了3年的材料表面筛选出了1株聚乙烯醇降解菌DG01,鉴定为苏云金杆菌(Bacillus thuringiensis sp.)。分别以聚乙烯醇(poly(vinyl alcohol), PVA)浓度和二氧化碳排放量为指标,对PVA的降解动力学进行了研究。结果表明:PVA生物降解过程符合一级动力学模型,R2分别为0.984 0和0.983 5。对摇瓶培养条件进行了单因素优化实验。最佳降解温度,初始pH和酵母粉浓度分别为41℃、7和1.40 g·L~(-1)。优化后,48 h内PVA初始浓度为3 g·L~(-1)的降解率达到了45.21%,提高了2.10倍。     

影响无砾石微孔管地下渗滤系统的几个主要因素

为了进一步明确植物、土壤、管道对无砾石微孔管地下渗滤系统中污染物去除的贡献能力大小，采用2种植物、2种管道、2种土壤组合形成8个平行系统，采用对比实验方法研究了植物、管道、土壤对地下渗滤系统中污染物去除效果的改变。结果表明，植物、土壤、管道任一因素的单独影响效应显著，但是组合后的交互效应不存在显著差异。而且，在土壤、植物、管道3因素中限定其中2个因素，对比研究另外一种因素的条件下，得到在COD、TP、NH4＋-N、TN的去除效果上，变化趋势相同，均是渗滤管外径200mm〉渗滤管外径160mm，吉祥草〉灯芯草，砂壤土〉粘土，且部分存在显著性差异（P〈0．05）。