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101.
Avilés-Ramírez Cristian Moreno-Godínez Ma. Elena Bonner Matthew R. Parra-Rojas Isela Flores-Alfaro Eugenia Ramírez Mónica Huerta-Beristain Gerardo Ramírez-Vargas Marco Antonio 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(29):43588-43606
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Exposure to environmental pollutants has been associated with alteration on relative levels of mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNAcn). However, the... 相似文献
102.
Sébastien Boillat Adrian Martin Timothy Adams Desiree Daniel Jorge Llopis Elena Zepharovich 《Journal of Land Use Science》2020,15(1):1-10
ABSTRACTEngaging with normative questions in land system science is a key challenge. This debate paper highlights the potential of incorporating elements of environmental justice scholarship into the evolving telecoupling framework that focuses on distant interactions in land systems. We first expose the reasons why environmental justice matters in understanding telecoupled systems, and the relevant approaches suited to mainstream environmental justice into telecoupled contexts. We then explore which specific elements of environmental justice need to be incorporated into telecoupling research. We focus on 1) the distribution of social-ecological burdens and benefits across distances, 2) power and justice issues in governing distantly tied systems, and 3) recognition issues in information flows, framings and discourses across distances. We conclude our paper highlighting key mechanisms to address injustices in telecoupled land systems. 相似文献
103.
Langer P Kocan A Tajtáková M Rádiková Z Petrík J Koska J Ksinantová L Imrich R Hucková M Chovancová J Drobná B Jursa S Bergman A Athanasiadou M Hovander L Gasperíková D Trnovec T Seböková E Klimes I 《Chemosphere》2007,70(1):110-118
In polluted district of Michalovce in East Slovakia (POLL) and two districts with background pollution (BCGR) 2046 adults (834 males and 1212 females aged 20-75 years) were examined. Serum levels of thyrotropin (TSH), free thyroxine (FT4), total triiodothyronine (TT3) and antithyroperoxidase antibodies (TPOab) were estimated by electrochemiluminiscent assay and also these of 15 polychlorinated biphenyl congeners (PCBs), p,p'-DDE, p,p'-DDT, hexachlorobenzene (HCB) and hexachlorocyclohexane were measured by high resolution gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. In addition, also dioxins, furans, coplanar- and mono-ortho-PCBs as well as selected hydroxylated and methylsulphonated PCBs and DDE metabolites were measured by appropriate methods based on gas chromatography/mass spectrometry principle. In POLL significantly higher levels of all organochlorines were found than these in BCGR. When pooled values from both areas were stratified in terms of PCBs level and treated as continuous variables, positive association of PCBs with FT4 and TT3 was found, the latter two being also mutually associated. However, within the category of PCBs level <530 ng/glipid (n=232) the association between PCBs and both the FT4 (p<0.09) and TT3 (p<0.03) was negative and any association of these was not found within the category of PCBs level of 531-1000 ng/g (n=691). In contrast, in the category of 531-2000 ng/g (n=1307) positive association appeared between PCBs and FT4 (p<0.001) as well as TT3 (p<0.05). Highly significant association of PCBs with FT4 (p<0.001) was further found in the categories with PCBs level of 1001-101414 ng/g (n=1307) and 2001-101414 (n=1123), while significant association with TT3 was observed only in the category of 531-2000 ng/g. Such findings suggest possible threshold level in positive effect of PCBs on FT4 and TT3 level which seems to be individual and located somewhere around the PCBs level of 1000 ng/g. However, highly significant negative association of both FT4 and TT3 with TSH was found in each of above indicated PCBs categories. Considerable difference in FT4 and TT3 level between large groups of subjects with the same range of PCBs level was also found suggesting different individual susceptibility to the effects of organochlorines. Among a total of 26 cases from POLL with very low TSH level (<0.5 mU l(-1)) 13 cases showed very high level of PCBs, FT4 and TT3, thus supporting a hypothesis on a novel sporadic form of high PCBs related peripheral subclinical hyperthyroidism possibly resulting from the long-term disruption of equilibrium between bound and free thyroxine in plasma by high PCBs level followed by a striking inhibition of TSH release from the pituitary. 相似文献
104.
This paper describes an instrument developed for the semi-continuous measurement of aerosol mass and its classification into three classes. These classes have been chosen to evaluate the health hazards caused by inhalable particles. The instrument takes samples through three probes, each providing different cut-off points ( approximately 15 microm, approximately 4 microm, approximately 2 microm) and collects airborne particles on circular membrane filters. The increase in weight is measured by the beta-ray attenuation method. 相似文献
105.
Elena Diaz-Almela Nuria Marbà Elvira Álvarez Elena Balestri Juan M. Ruiz-Fernández Carlos M. Duarte 《Marine Biology》2006,148(4):723-742
The intensive reconstructive sampling (1957–2004, 39 localities), a systematic direct observation (1992–2004, 1 locality)
and particular direct observations (66 localities) of Posidonia oceanica meadows were analysed together with temporal series of flowering available in the literature (19 localities). This allowed
the examination of temporal and spatial variability in annual flowering prevalence (FP, the fraction of meadows flowering
in a given year) and of annual meadow flowering intensity (FI, number of inflorescences per shoot) for the period 1979–2004
across the Western Mediterranean, as well as spatial variability of flowering frequency (FF, the fraction of years that a
given meadow has flowered) and shoot flowering probability (Pf, fraction of flowering stalks appeared per annual segment).
Each year, on an average 17% of the investigated meadows flowered, ranging from 3 to 86% of meadows among the years. The highest
annual FP and FI values were obtained in 2003 (FP=0.86 and mean FI=0.23±0.03 inflorescences shoot−1). A secondary peak of FP and mean FI occurred 9 years earlier, in 1994 (FP=0.44 and mean FI=0.08±0.02). Both peaks of flowering
occurred after hot summers. Flowering synchrony in particular years across the Western Mediterranean and clines of increased
meadow flowering frequency towards the North and East, suggests the existence of large-scale environmental mechanisms controlling
the floral induction. On the other hand, meadow FF and Pf were highly heterogeneous among and within the meadows, indicating
that local factors also may play a significant role in flowering induction. When flowering, the Western Mediterranean meadows
showed an average 0.11±0.02 inflorescences shoot−1, but FI greatly varied among and along the series (from 0.002 to 0.54 inflorescences shoot−1) and decreased significantly with depth but was independent of meadow shoot density and meadow latitude or longitude. The
shoot flowering probability was quite low (0.007±0.002 inflorescences shoot−1 year−1) and exponentially increased with shoot age. 相似文献
106.
Amorphous and condensed organic matter domains: the effect of persulfate oxidation on the composition of soil/sediment organic matter 总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12
The composition of amorphous and condensed soil/sediment organic matter (SOM) domains was investigated for one soil sample and four sediment samples. These samples were oxidized with persulfate to remove amorphous SOM, before and after which the composition of SOM was studied by thermogravimetric analysis, pyrolysis-GC/MS, and cross polarization magic angle spinning 13C-NMR. Comparison of the SOM composition before and after oxidation showed that condensed SOM was more thermostable and less polar than amorphous SOM. Condensed SOM was relatively low in O-alkyl C and carboxyl C and it was likely to contain only small amounts of labile organic components (carbohydrates, peptides, fatty acids). Apart from these general characteristics, the composition of the condensed and amorphous domains appeared to be highly dependent on the origin and nature of the SOM investigated. Condensed domains in relatively undecomposed SOM were enriched in aliphatic C, whereas condensed domains in relatively weathered SOM were enriched in aromatic C. Altogether, the compositional changes upon persulfate oxidation were similar to the compositional changes upon humification, which supports the idea that weathered SOM is more condensed than the original material. 相似文献
107.
Sapozhnikova Y Zubcov N Hungerford S Roy LA Boicenco N Zubcov E Schlenk D 《Chemosphere》2005,60(2):196-205
The Dniester River is one of the largest rivers in Eastern Europe and receives input from numerous anthropogenic activities. In October 2001, fish samples (Abramis brama, Rutilus rutilus heckeli, Perca fluviatilis, Chondrostoma nasus, Carassius auratus gibelio, and Cyprinus carpio) were collected and analyzed for metals and various pesticides. Maximum total DDT pesticide concentrations were between 27.7 and 34.2 ng/g wet weight in muscles and gonads, respectively. DDE isomers comprised up to 70% of total DDT measurement in fish tissues, indicating historical rather than recent DDT pollution. Chlordane and lindane were also detected in amounts up to 37 and 76 ng/g wet weight in gonads, respectively. Among organophosphorous pesticides, malathion showed extremely high concentrations--3 microg/g wet weight in muscles and 46 microg/g wet weight in gonads, indicating recent exposure. Copper concentrations in muscles (1.8-7.2 microg/g) exceeded Threshold Effect Concentrations for copper in fish. Detection of high concentrations of malathion and copper in fish tissues indicated potential anthropogenic stress for more sensitive aquatic biota, likely from agricultural sources in the Dniester River. 相似文献
108.
Marmiroli M Antonioli G Maestri E Marmiroli N 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2005,134(2):217-227
European walnut (Juglans regia) plants were grown in pots, on peat soil contaminated with lead (Pb), for four years. European walnut was chosen because it grows in Mediterranean climates, it yields a high biomass, and a fine quality wood. In the above ground parts Pb concentration was 1000 times lower than in roots: in 50 g roots there was 450 mg of Pb. Microanalysis of roots found in periderm more than 50% of the total root Pb. Pb L(III) EXAFS spectroscopy was performed on: root powder from Pb-exposed plants, Pb-impregnated cellulose and lignin. Comparison of plant material with lignin and cellulose helped to envisage a plant disposal strategy for Pb. This may consist in establishing links with large organic molecules, which are abundant constituents of cell walls. EXAFS spectroscopy evidenced the presence of Pb-O bindings within the ligno-cellulosic structure in roots. Lead was scantly conveyed to the shoots, giving to walnut plants an added asset in Pb phytostabilization. 相似文献
109.
Does living in elevated CO2 ameliorate tree response to ozone? A review on stomatal responses 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Short-term elevated O3 reduces photosynthesis, which reduces stomatal conductance (g(s)) in response to increased substomatal CO2 concentration (Ci). Further exposure causes stomata to become sluggish in response to environmental stimuli. Exposure to elevated CO2 stimulates rapid stomata closure in response to increased Ci. This reduction in g(s) may not be sustained over time as photosynthesis down-regulates and with it, g(s). The relationship between g(s) and photosynthesis may not be constant because stomata respond more slowly to environmental changes than photosynthesis, and because elevated CO2 may alter guard cell sensitivity to other signals. Also, reduced stomatal density (and g(s)) in response to long-term CO2 enrichment suggests sustained reduction in g(s). Elevated CO2 is believed to ameliorate the deleterious O3 effects by reducing g(s) and thus the potential O3 flux into leaves. Confirmation that g(s) acclimation to CO2 enrichment does not lessen over time is critical for developing meaningful O3 flux scenarios. 相似文献
110.
Fabiola?G.?Arcos Ilie?S.?Racotta Elena?Palacios Ana?M.?IbarraEmail author 《Marine Biology》2005,148(2):339-346
Besides some mammals and a few model organisms, the presence of genetic variation in ovary or gonad development at ages before that of reproduction has not been established for marine oviparous species nor has the correlation with reproductive traits at maturity. In this investigation, ovary development was evaluated for genetic variability in a full-sib family structured population of subadult shrimp. The numbers of each oocyte type that were present were counted, measured, and used to evaluate the following traits: total oocyte number, mean oocytes diameter, and ovary maturity (OM). The total ovary area was also measured for each female. Genetic variation was assessed through the estimation of the parameter ‘heritability’. The heritability (h
2) of total number of oocytes was zero, but large heritability values were seen for mean oocytes diameter (h
2=0.57±0.27) and OM (h
2=0.71±0.26). Family means correlations between traits in subadults with traits measured in their full-sibs when adults (days to first spawn, total number of spawns, total fecundity, and fecundity at first spawn) indicated the existence of some significant associations between reproductive traits at the two ages. These findings point toward an early genetic determination of reproductive capacity in this crustacean. 相似文献