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排序方式: 共有7140条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
61.
Feng Shi-Jin Li An-Zheng Zheng Qi-Teng Cao Ben-Yi Chen Hong-Xin 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2019,26(15):15229-15247
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Aeration by airflow technology is a reliable method to accelerate waste biodegradation and stabilization and hence shorten the aftercare period of a... 相似文献
62.
Environmental contamination of mercury from Hg-mining areas in Wuchuan, northeastern Guizhou, China 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Total Hg and methyl-Hg were evaluated in mine wastes, soils, water, and vegetations from the Wuchuan Hg-mining areas, Guizhou, China. Mine wastes contain high total Hg concentrations, ranging from 79 to 710 microg g(-1), and methyl-Hg from 0.32 to 3.9 ng g(-1). Total Hg in soil samples range from 0.33 to 320 microg g(-1) and methyl-Hg from 0.69 to 20 ng g(-1). Vegetations present a high average total Hg concentration of 260 ng g(-1), which greatly exceeds the maximum Hg concentration of 20 ng g(-1) recommended by the Chinese National Standard Agency for food sources. The rice samples contain elevated methyl-Hg concentrations, ranging from 4.2 to 18 ng g(-1). Stream water collected from Hg-mining areas is also contaminated, containing Hg as high as 360 ng l(-1), and methyl-Hg reaches up to 5.7 ng l(-1). Data indicate heavy Hg-contaminations and significant conversion of methyl-Hg in the study areas. 相似文献
63.
Methods for the preparation of a biodesulfurization biocatalyst using Rhodococcus sp 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Several methods to prepare a biodesulfurization (BDS) biocatalyst were investigated in this study using a strain of Rhodococcus sp. 1awq. This bacterium could selectively remove sulfur from dibenzothiophene (DBT) via the "4S" pathway. DBT, dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), sodium sulphate and mixed sulfur sources were used to study their influence on cell density, desulfurization activity, desulfurization ability, and the cost of biocatalyst production. In contrast to that observed from bacteria cultured in DBT, only partial desulfurization activity of strain 1awq was induced by DBT after cultivation in a medium containing inorganic sulfur as the sole sulfur source. The biocatalyst, prepared from culture with mixed sulfur sources, was found to possess desulfurization activity. With DMSO as the sole sulfur source, the desulfurization activity was shown to be similar to that of bacteria incubated in medium with DBT as the sole sulfur source. The biocatalyst prepared by this method with the least cost could remove sulfur from hydrodesulfurization (HDS)-treated diesel oil efficiently, providing a total desulfurization percent of 78% and suggesting its cost-effective advantage. 相似文献
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66.
介绍了小隐孢子虫卵囊的特点及其对人体的危害,分析了pH、混凝剂种类与投加量、电导率和天然有机物含量等对小隐孢子虫卵囊的Zeta电位的影响,总结了混凝-沉淀-过滤和直接过滤对小隐孢子虫卵囊的去除效果,探讨了水温、水质、混凝剂种类与投加量、滤料层组成和滤速等对去除效果的影响。 相似文献
67.
Zhang C Wang L Wu F Deng N 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2006,13(3):156-160
Background For their high photoreactivity, Fe(III)-carboxylate complexes are important sources of H2O2 for some atmospheric and surface
waters. Citrate is one kind of carboxylate, which can form complexes with Fe(III). In our previous study, we have applied
Fe(III)-citrate complexes to degrade and decolorize dyes in aqueous solutions both under UV light and sunlight. Results have
shown that carboxylic acids can promote the photodegradation efficiency. It is indicated that the photolysis of Fe(III)-citrate
complexes may cause the formation of some reactive species (e. g. H2O2 and ·OH). This work is attempted to quantify hydroxyl
radicals generated in the aqueous solution containing Fe(III)-citrate complexes and to interpret the photoreactivity of Fe(III)-citrate
complexes for degrading organic compounds.
Methods By using benzene as the scavenger to produce phenol, the photogeneration of ·OH in the aqueous solution containing Fe (III)-citrate
complexes was determined by HPLC.
Results and Discussion In the aqueous solution containing 60.0/30.0 mM Fe(III)/citrate and 7.0 mM benzene at pH 3.0, 96.66 mM ·OH was produced after
irradiation by a 250W metal halide light (l ≥ 313 nm) for 160 minutes. Effects of initial pH value and concentrations of Fe(III)
and citrate on ·OH radical generation were all examined. The results show that the greatest photoproduction of ·OH in the
aqueous solution (pH ranged from 3.0 to 7.0) was at pH 3.0. The photoproduction of ·OH increased with increasing Fe(III) or
citrate concentrations.
Conclusion In the aqueous solutions containing Fe(III)-citrate complexes, ·OH radicals were produced after irradiation by a 250W metal
halide light. It can be concluded that Fe(III)-citrate complexes are important sources of ·OH radicals for some atmospheric
and surface waters.
Recommendations and Outlook It is believed that the photolysis of Fe(III)-citrate complexes in the presence of oxygen play an important role in producing
·OH both in atmospheric waters and surface water where high concentrations of ferric ions and citrate ions exist. The photoproduction
of ·OH has a high oxidizing potential for the degradation of a wide variety of natural and anthropogenic organic and inorganic
substances. We can use this method for toxic organic pollutants such as organic dyes and pesticides. 相似文献
68.
汽车尾气净化催化剂的净化转化效果及其耐久性,与催化剂涂层的涂覆量以及涂层和载体的结合强度密切相关。本文研究了几种不同类型表面活性剂对浆料固体含量、涂层涂覆量以及涂层结合强度的影响。研究结果表明,不使用表面活性剂时,30%为最佳的固体含量;在使用表面活性剂的情况下,浆料的固体含量可以提高至35%。非离子型表面活性剂有助于提高催化剂涂层涂覆量,而使用离子型表面活性剂的浆料球磨过程中产生大量泡沫,无法涂覆。使用非离子型表面活性剂的催化剂涂层的结合强度最好。 相似文献
69.
Rapid degradation of butachlor in wheat rhizosphere soil 总被引:16,自引:0,他引:16
The degradative characteristics of butachlor in non-rhizosphere, wheat rhizosphere, and inoculated rhizosphere soils were measured. The rate constants for the degradation of butachlor in non-rhizosphere, rhizosphere, and inoculated rhizosphere soils were measured to be 0.0385, 0.0902, 0.1091 at 1 mg/kg, 0.0348, 0.0629, 0.2355 at 10 mg/kg, and 0.0299, 0.0386, 0.0642 at 100 mg/kg, respectively. The corresponding half-lives for butachlor in the soils were calculated to be 18.0, 7.7, 6.3 days at 1 mg/kg, 19.9, 11.0, 2.9 days at 10 mg/kg, and 23.2, 18.0, 10.8 days at 100 mg/kg, respectively. The experimental results show that the degradation of butachlor can be enhanced greatly in wheat rhizosphere, and especially in the rhizosphere inoculated with the bacterial community designated HD which is capable of degrading butachlor. It could be concluded that rhizosphere soil inoculated with microorganisms-degrading target herbicides is a useful pathway to achieve rapid degradation of the herbicides in soil. 相似文献
70.
Effects of EDTA and low molecular weight organic acids on soil solution properties of a heavy metal polluted soil 总被引:20,自引:0,他引:20
A pot experiment was conducted to study the effects of EDTA and low molecular weight organic acids (LMWOA) on the pH, total organic carbon (TOC) and heavy metals in the soil solution in the rhizosphere of Brassica juncea grown in a paddy soil contaminated with Cu, Zn, Pb and Cd. The results show that EDTA and LMWOA have no effect on the soil solution pH. EDTA addition significantly increased the TOC concentrations in the soil solution. The TOC concentrations in treatments with EDTA were significantly higher than those in treatments with LMWOA. Adding 3 mmol kg(-1) EDTA to the soil markedly increased the total concentrations of Cu, Zn, Pb and Cd in the soil solution. Compared to EDTA, LMWOA had a very small effect on the metal concentrations. Total concentrations in the soil solution followed the sequence: EDTA > citric acid (CA) approximately oxalic acid (OA) approximately malic acid (MA) for Cu and Pb; EDTA > MA > CA approximately OA for Zn; and EDTA > MA > CA > OA for Cd. The labile concentrations of Cu, Zn, Pb and Cd showed similar trends to the total concentrations. 相似文献