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81.
82.
Amoroso Maria Grazia Di Concilio Denise Langellotti Antonio Luca Martello Anna Cioffi Barbara Suffredini Elisabetta Cozzi Loredana Russo Valeria Mauriello Gianluigi Di Pasquale Simona Galiero Giorgio Fusco Giovanna 《Food and environmental virology》2021,13(3):329-336
Food and Environmental Virology - Kinetics of hepatitis A virus (HAV) accumulation and depuration from mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) was studied in an experimental depuration system.... 相似文献
83.
Maria Cristina Lavagnolo Mario Malagoli Luca Alibardi Francesco Garbo Alberto Pivato Raffaello Cossu 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2017,29(5):274-282
Efficient and economic reuse of waste is one of the pillars of modern environmental engineering. In the field of domestic sewage management, source separation of yellow (urine), brown (faecal matter) and grey waters aims to recover the organic substances concentrated in brown water, the nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorous) in the urine and to ensure an easier treatment and recycling of grey waters. With the objective of emphasizing the potential of recovery of resources from sewage management, a lab-scale research study was carried out at the University of Padova in order to evaluate the performances of oleaginous plants (suitable for biodiesel production) in the phytotreatment of source separated yellow and grey waters. The plant species used were Brassica napus (rapeseed), Glycine max (soybean) and Helianthus annuus (sunflower). Phytotreatment tests were carried out using 20 L pots. Different testing runs were performed at an increasing nitrogen concentration in the feedstock. The results proved that oleaginous species can conveniently be used for the phytotreatment of grey and yellow waters from source separation of domestic sewage, displaying high removal efficiencies of nutrients and organic substances (nitrogen > 80%; phosphorous > 90%; COD nearly 90%). No inhibition was registered in the growth of plants irrigated with different mixtures of yellow and grey waters, where the characteristics of the two streams were reciprocally and beneficially integrated. 相似文献
84.
Mugnai C Giuliani S Bellucci LG Carraro C Favotto M Frignani M 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2011,181(1-4):243-254
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were measured in two dated salt marsh cores of the Venice Lagoon to assess their input chronology and to evaluate the importance of atmospheric deposition as a source. Sampling sites were chosen in order to evidence the differences between areas located leeward and windward with respect to inputs originating in both the city of Venice and the industrial area. Concentrations of PCB indicators (0.13-15.6 ng g?1) increased gradually from the 1930s, reached maxima from the 1950s to the late 1970s, and then decreased. PCB loadings to marshes are driven by both the atmospheric deposition and the resuspension of subtidal sediments, this latter being more important for heavier congeners. The downwind marsh recorded higher fluxes (0.06-9.72 ng cm?2 year?1) than the upwind one (0.01-0.53 ng cm?2 year?1). Recent fluxes are rather consistent with bulk deposition measurements. A higher contribution of CB-101 and CB-118 was detected in the intermediate layers of the downwind site, suggesting a different PCB source for the corresponding time interval. In the other marsh, PCBs showed a rather constant composition at all levels (mostly CB-153, CB-138 and CB-180), accounting for a regional influence. Deep layers showed an enrichment of higher chlorinated congeners at both sites, whereas recent samples conserve the patterns typical of surficial and subsurficial subtidal sediments. The scientific approach adopted in this research can be considered as a sort of methodological procedure for the determination of fluxes and pathways of PCBs through the study of marsh cores. 相似文献
85.
86.
James H. Fullard Hannah M. ter Hofstede John M. Ratcliffe Gerald S. Pollack Gian S. Brigidi Robin M. Tinghitella Marlene Zuk 《Die Naturwissenschaften》2010,97(1):53-61
The auditory thresholds of the AN2 interneuron and the behavioural thresholds of the anti-bat flight-steering responses that
this cell evokes are less sensitive in female Pacific field crickets that live where bats have never existed (Moorea) compared
with individuals subjected to intense levels of bat predation (Australia). In contrast, the sensitivity of the auditory interneuron,
ON1 which participates in the processing of both social signals and bat calls, and the thresholds for flight orientation to
a model of the calling song of male crickets show few differences between the two populations. Genetic analyses confirm that
the two populations are significantly distinct, and we conclude that the absence of bats has caused partial regression in
the nervous control of a defensive behaviour in this insect. This study represents the first examination of natural evolutionary
regression in the neural basis of a behaviour along a selection gradient within a single species. 相似文献
87.
Nudi AH de Luca Rebello Wagener A Francioni E de Lemos Scofield A Sette CB Veiga A 《Environment international》2007,33(3):315-327
This study is aimed at verifying the relevance of Ucides cordatus as a bioindicator of oil contamination and PAH bioavailability in mangrove sediments. For this, crabs and sediment cores were sampled from five mangroves, including an area suspected of contamination derived from an MF380 oil spillage, and analyzed for the 16 PAH in the USEPA priority list as well as for the five series of alkylated homologues. Concentrations in sediments varied from 35 microg kg-1 in the lower core layer of the control area to 33,000 microg kg-1 in the upper layer of the most contaminated area. Total PAH contents in crabs varied from 206 to 62,000 microg kg-1 and were closely correlated to that in sediments. In general, individual PAH profiles in both matrices were in good agreement. Phenanthrenes, however, were more predominant in crabs making up to 30-46% of the Total PAH. Accumulation factors found in the range of 0.7 to 35 were highly variable even after normalizing concentrations for organic carbon and lipid content. Survival in highly contaminated environment and reliable record of environmental contamination in the tissue provide evidence that U. cordatus is an excellent bioindicator for oil in mangroves. 相似文献
88.
Treatment of industrial landfill leachate by means of evaporation and reverse osmosis 总被引:13,自引:0,他引:13
In this paper a process for the treatment of landfill leachate involving evaporation and reverse osmosis was proposed. Experimental tests were performed on an industrial landfill leachate. The leachate was subjected to evaporation so as to obtain a distillate containing a small amount of organic material and a substantial amount of inorganic substances (consisting primarily of metals and ammonium salts). The distillate of the evaporation treatment was then subjected to reverse osmosis. The reverie osmosis tests were performed using two different membranes: the AD membrane (thin two-ply film of polyamide) and the SC membrane (thin three-ply film of polyamide). Tests carried out at different values of pH showed a reduction of organic content of about 88% when AD membranes were used and about 80% with SC membranes independently of pH. As regards ammonium, comparable reductions of over 97% were registered for both types of membrane in the optimal conditions of pH = 6.4 (97.1% for AD membranes and 97.7% for SC). 相似文献
89.
A mineralogical and micro‐chemical study was performed by X‐ray diffraction and SEM/EDS techniques in a reduced sediment sample from the Venice Lagoon to investigate selectivity and significance of two widely used acid extractions (cold IN HCl and hot 8N HNO3) for the evaluation of anthropogenic metal concentrations. Hydrochloric acid determines an incomplete and variable solubilization of authigenic iron sulphides, yielding a partial extraction of the associated metals (Hg, Mn, Zn and less Ni and Cu). Nitric acid is effective in solubilizing all sulphides, however, it leads to an overestimate of the anthropogenic metal content since it partially dissolves the lattice of some clay‐minerals, particularly chlorites. When these acid extractions are used to asses metal pollution in aquatic ecosystems, the possible over or under‐estimate of the anthropogenic concentration must be taken into account, considering the mineralogical composition of the sediment. 相似文献
90.
Gisele Pigatto Regildo Marcio Gon alves da Silv Gian Luigi Mariottini Vanessa Marques de Oliveir Mauri Sergio Alves Palm Attilio Converti 《生态毒理学报》2013,8(4):609-615
The roots of onion (Allium cepa) stand out for having cells with large size and small number of chromosomes.These characteristics make them useful in bioassays for the measurement of a variety of cytogenetic and morphological parameters , in which they can be used as toxicity indicators of the induction and formation of micronuclei and chromosomal aberrations.Based on this background , the potential genotoxic effect of phenol concentration on cells of A.ceparoots was investigated either in terms of induced aberrations or micronuclei formation.The results demonstrated that the higher the concentration of phenol , the higher the incidence of abnormalities , thus confirming the genotoxicity of this pollutant. 相似文献