柳枝稷苗期对钾营养胁迫耐受性的综合评价

为明确能源作物柳枝稷在缺钾条件下的耐受能力,筛选出耐贫瘠性强的优质种质资源,以13个柳枝稷品种为供试材料,在人工气候室中开展水培试验,通过相关农艺性状和生理指标等评价指标的测定,采用标准差系数赋予权重法对柳枝稷在缺钾胁迫下的表现做出综合评价。结果表明：在缺钾胁迫下,13个柳枝稷品种地上及地下部的生长均受到显著抑制,具体表现为：生长速度下降,叶绿素含量减少,光合面积减少,光合速率降低,进而导致其总生物量积累下降。由标准差系数赋予权重法得出的13个品种耐胁迫性由高到低依次为：Cave—In—Rock、Trailblazer、BJ-5、Forestburg、BJ-4、Pathfinder、BJ～3、BJ一2、Blackwell、Alamo、BJ-1、BJ-6、Kanlowo     

粮食产量预测理论、方法与应用Ⅰ.科技进步增产理论、模型及其应用

粮食增产趋势及增产原因是国家制定宏观农业政策和措施的依据。科技进步增产理论是指：气候是波动的,科技是持续进步的,它是粮食多年持续增产的主要驱动力;科技进步增产预测模型是多年平均单产移动的回归方程。全国和东北三省粮食增产潜力案例分析结果表明：科技进步单产加速时间最早的是辽宁省,最晚的是黑龙江省;与全国相比,吉林省和辽宁省科技进步贡献率高于全国平均水平,黑龙江省低于全国平均水平,吉林省最高。本文初步得出以下结论：科技进步增产理论科学、模型实用、预测结果准确。     

城市轨道交通上盖物业振动影响评价标准选取探讨

对现行的振动评价标准中相关问题进行分析,认为VLzmax和VLz10分别作为城市轨道交通列车振动和环境振动背景评价量是合理的。并对标准JGJ/T 170-2009应用提出了建议。     

某运载火箭舱内无线系统电磁兼容性仿真分析方法与应用

为保证某运载火箭与卫星星箭分离面处的电磁兼容性设计,在火箭无线系统研制阶段,应用电磁仿真预测分析方法,构建火箭箭体及无线系统电磁仿真模型,搭建火箭系统电磁仿真平台,计算星箭分离面处的电磁辐射特性,分析潜在电磁干扰危害。在预测分析基础上,结合火箭、卫星总装状态下的星箭分离面处电磁兼容性测试,验证仿真预测分析方法的有效性。这种电磁仿真预测分析、试验验证相结合的方法,为在火箭设计全流程的电磁兼容设计提供支撑,同时实现了火箭研制与试验验证的闭环设计。     

沈阳臭氧污染时空分布特征及变化趋势

以沈阳2013—2015年臭氧(O_3)监测数据为基础,从地域差异及时间变化上分析了沈阳O_3浓度变化特征。结果表明:沈阳城市外围O_3浓度高于城市中心;O_3浓度变化具有明显季节特征,夏季O_3浓度最高,冬季最低;O_3浓度日变化呈单峰分布,谷值出现在06:00,峰值出现在14:00;O_3浓度出现明显"周末效应",周末白天O_3浓度高于工作日O_3浓度,夜间差异不大。     

聚四氟乙烯高压密封罐消解样品测定五氧化二钒

利用聚四氟乙烯高压密封罐消解矿石样品测定五氧化二钒，具有操作手续相对简便、轻松、快捷等优点，与传统的硫酸－磷酸混合酸消解或采用碱熔融前处理法比较，相对误差小于１．６％，样品的添加标准回收率为９２．９％～１０３．５％。     

Landfill site selection using spatial information technologies and AHP: A case study in Beijing,China

Site selection is an important and necessary issue for waste management in fast-growing regions. Because of the complexity of waste management systems, the selection of the appropriate solid waste landfill site requires consideration of multiple alternative solutions and evaluation criteria. Based on actual conditions of the study area, we considered economic factors, calculated criteria weights using the analytical hierarchy process (AHP), and built a hierarchy model for solving the solid waste landfill site-selection problem in Beijing, China. A geographic information system (GIS) was used to manipulate and present spatial data. All maps are graded from 1 (lowest suitability) to 5 (highest suitability) using spatial information technologies. The candidate sites were determined by aggregation based on the criteria weights. The candidate sites are divided by ‘best’, ‘good’ and ‘unsuitable’ landfill areas. Best landfill areas represent optimal sites; good landfill areas can be used as back-up candidate sites. Our work offers a siting methodology and provides essential support for decision-makers in the assessment of waste management problems in Beijing and other rapidly developing cities in developing countries.     

新型β-PbO2电极电解处理茜素红废水的研究

采用高压塑片工艺制备新型β-PbO2电极,该工艺简单易行,且所得β-PbO2电极具有很好的抗腐蚀性能.为研究该电极的电催化性能,探讨了电极间距、电解时间、茜素红初始浓度、外加电压、初始pH等条件对该电极降解茜素红染料效果的影响,并与石墨电极进行对比.结果表明,β-PbO2电极在脱色和COD去除方面都有明显的优越性.根据茜素红的分子结构和电解产物气相色谱—质谱联用(GC/MS)仪分析结果,初步探讨了茜素红降解的反应机制.     

山东省东营市生态环境与经济发展协调度评估

东营市是黄河三角洲地区最为重要的经济增长区域.该区是我国东部沿海最大的石油、天然气产区,三次产业之间极不协调,第二产业比重过高,其中石油工业占东营市经济总量的70%,第三产业偏低,产业结构升级、优化缓慢.该区生态环境脆弱,在保持经济发展的同时,必须协调环境与经济之间的关系.该文在分析东营市经济发展与产业结构的基础上,利用协调度计量模型计算得出:2008年东营市经济发展指数为1.89,相应的环境质量指数为1.04,综合环境经济发展指数为1.82,环境经济协调度为0.35,表明东营市生态环境与经济发展处于失调状态.因此,提出东营市生态环境与经济协调发展建议:①依靠现代农业技术,推进生态农业建设;②以产品对环境危害最小化、生产工艺清洁化、排放物低“三废”化、技术高科技化为目标,加快绿色油田建设;③依托黄河三角洲湿地生态旅游,推动以生态旅游为核心的三产发展.     

Temporal and spatial assessment of natural resource use in China using ecological footprint method

China has about 20% of the world's population. With rapid economic development and substantial population increase, China is now faced with severe conflicts between limited natural resources and increasing resource requirements. In this study, we used the ecological footprint method to assess the resource demand and supply conditions of each land use in China between 1978 and 2003. In order to provide insight into the spatial heterogeneity of resource demand and supply conditions, we also assessed the ecological footprint at provincial level in 2002. An ecological footprint curve method was introduced to compare differences in natural resource use, economic development and technological progress among different countries and provinces. The results showed that the ecological footprint, biocapacity and ecological deficit per capita for China have all been increasing during 1978–2003. The ecological footprints per person in northern and eastern China were larger than those in southern and western China. The ecological deficits per person in southern and eastern China were more severe than those in northern and western China. Though the resource use efficiency has increased considerably during 1978–2003, it was still much lower than those of the Netherlands, France, South Korea, Mexico, the Philippines and India.