Combining Stated Preference and Revealed Preference Methods for the Valuation of Non-market Goods

Abstract

In this paper, we introduce the combining stated preference and revealed preference methods which is the state-ofthe- art method for the valuation of non-market goods. Revealed preference methods and stated preference (SP) methods have both been applied by economists in valuing non-market goods; however both methods have inherent weaknesses. In order to exploit the strengths of the various approaches while minimizing their weaknesses, combining the two methods has become an important methodological option. Up to now, a growing number of literatures of studying combing the two types of data have evolved, and researchers developed three types of models to estimate combining revealed preference and stated preference data in academic fields: discrete choice model, continuous choice model and mixed choice model. Combining stated and revealed preference methods have been developed fast especially in the transport study field in which ideas could also be leant for environmental economic studies.     

成矿流体活动的地温信息及地球物理示踪

本文对流体活动与地温结构的相互作用关系流体活动的热效应、地温异常导致的地球化学效应、流体活动 -地热传输的耦合过程及其模拟进行了研究。初步建立了识别流体活动热效应的地球物理及地球化学标志 ,指出通过热史模拟、流体史模拟、热-质迁移模拟及地球物理等方法识别这些标志可以进行流体活动的示踪。     

基于SAPSO-BP网络模型的海洋平台落物碰撞损伤分析

为了确保海洋平台作业过程中落物坠落对甲板撞击后的结构安全,对坠落立管撞击海洋平台甲板的过程进行了非线性仿真分析。运用ANSYS/LS-DYNA建立有限元模型,对坠落立管不同撞击角度撞击海洋平台甲板进行模拟计算,得到甲板在不同工况下的损伤情况。运用1种自适应性变异的粒子群优化算法SAPSO与BP神经网络结合［1］,对海洋平台进行落物碰撞损伤分析。研究结果表明:落物与垂直方向偏离5°～10°为坠落时最危险的工况。SAPSO-BP提高了BP神经网络的拟合能力,减小了拟合误差,提高了拟合精度,验证了SAPSO-BP网络模型的实用性和可靠性。综合考虑制定适用于海洋平台落物安全的工作程序和平台及设备的防护措施,为海洋平台作业中落物风险评估和海洋平台作业安全保障提供参考。     

基于航空金属材料腐蚀的我国大气环境分区

目的针对我国服役飞机的腐蚀问题,实现飞机结构日历寿命的分区预测与精细化管理。方法收集我国大气环境17个典型地区的气象环境数据,编制各地区的气候、化学环境总谱,并根据腐蚀电荷当量原理,使用铝合金、合金钢两种材料的折算系数,将各地区的大气环境向标准潮湿空气作用时间进行折算。基于系统聚类的方法,根据大气腐蚀的差异性,将17个典型地区进行分类,确定各分区的划分标准和我国大气腐蚀分区个数,并综合考虑当前文献中可查的其他地区数据资料与我国气候、降水、大气污染的分布情况,对我国大气环境进行腐蚀分区。结果根据铝合金、合金钢的腐蚀特征量,可将我国大气环境划为5个分区。绘制了我国大气环境腐蚀分区图,给出了各分区的环境特点、地理位置分布和代表城市。结论应用我国大气环境分区结果,可以直观掌握我国飞机不同服役环境的腐蚀严酷程度,为编制加速腐蚀环境谱、评定飞机结构日历寿命、制定针对性的维护计划和飞行计划奠定基础。     

Methyl-β-cyclodextrin enhanced biodegradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and associated microbial activity in contaminated soil

The contamination of soils by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) is a widespread environmental problem and the remediation of PAHs from these areas has been a major concern.The effectiveness of ma...     

加氧酶在手性化合物合成中的应用研究进展

手性化合物广泛应用于医药、农药、新材料及精细化学品合成等领域.传统的化学合成方法存在一定的局限,如对映选择性较差、耗能高、污染严重等.生物催化作为一种环境友好且高选择性的合成方法成为当代有机合成领域的研究热点.从生物催化合成机制、加氧酶的定向进化与改造、生物催化合成手性化合物的过程优化控制等方面,综述了微生物加氧酶在手...     

等离子体-催化协同处理挥发性有机物的催化剂研究进展

等离子体与催化技术的结合解决了单一用等离子体时的能量利用率、产率低及应用条件高的缺陷.总结了不同等离子体-催化协同作用的催化剂催化活性；在此基础上探讨了催化剂的组成、表面性质和结构对其催化活性的影响以及催化剂使用过程中的稳定性,分析了等离子体催化协同处理挥发性有机物(VOCs)过程中的反应机制；最后,对催化剂存在的问题和今后的研究方向进行了探讨.     

PCB contamination in soils of the Pearl River Delta, South China: levels, sources, and potential risks

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) contamination in tropical and sub-tropical areas and the associated risks have attracted great concern. A total of 69 samples representing five distinct land types were collected to assess PCB concentrations in the Pearl River Delta (PRD), South China, including spatial distributions in soils of the area, the probable anthropogenic sources, and related potential risks. PCBs concentrations in soils of the PRD ranged from 0.3 to 202 ng?g^?1. More severe PCBs contamination was presented in the western part than in the eastern part of the PRD region. The PCBs were dominated by low-chlorinated biphenyls; however, the proportion of higher-chlorinated biphenyls was elevated with the influence of industrial activities. Principal component analysis indicated that PCBs contamination in soils of the PRD region was mainly associated with 1#PCBs, while 2#PCB and e-waste emission in South China also accounted for it partly, especially to the industrial activity severely impacted areas. Toxic equivalent (TEQ) of the dioxin-like PCBs in the soils indicated that higher risk of PCB contamination was presented in the Dongjiang River Valley (55 ng?TEQ?kg^?1, on average) than in the Xijiang River Valley, and were mostly contributed by the congener of PCB126.