企业安全文化和安全管理的关联性分析与实证研究

在提取安全文化和安全管理各6个指标要素的基础上,拟定研究材料,并采取走访、座谈、实地考察和专题研讨等形式,对北京市有代表性的6家生产企业进行了调研和分析。结果表明,企业安全文化现状与企业安全管理状况具有一致性,安全管理水平较好的企业,安全文化建设质量也相对较高,在一定程度上,可以用企业安全文化的测量结果来衡量安全管理工作的好坏。同时也发现,北京市企业安全文化仍较薄弱,应加强和重视对企业安全文化建设的研究。     

Distribution and temporal variation of trace metal enrichment in surface sediments of San Jorge Bay, Chile

Cu, Pb, and Hg concentrations were determined in surface sediment samples collected at three sites in San Jorge Bay, northern Chile. This study aims to evaluate differences in their spatial distribution and temporal variability. The highest metal concentrations were found at the site “Puerto”, where minerals (Cu and Pb) have been loaded for more than 60 years. On the other hand, Hg does not pose a contamination problem in this bay. Cu and Pb concentrations showed significant variations from 1 year to another. These variations seem to be a consequence of the combination of several factors, including changes in the loading and/or storage of minerals in San Jorge Bay, the dredging of bottom sediments (especially at Puerto), and seasonal changes in physical–chemical properties of the water column that modify the exchange of metals at the sediment–water interface. Differences in the contamination factor and geoaccumulation index suggest that pre-industrial concentrations measured in marine sediments of this geographical zone, were better than geological values (average shale, continental crust average) for evaluating the degree of contamination in this coastal system. Based on these last two indexes, San Jorge Bay has a serious problem of Cu and Pb pollution at the three sampling locations. However, only Cu exceeds the national maximum values used to evaluate ecological risk and the health of marine environments. It is suggested that Chilean environmental legislation for marine sediment quality—presently under technical discussion—is not an efficient tool for protecting the marine ecosystem.     

文氏管除尘器碗形喷嘴的试验研究及工作特性的预测

本文根据流体动力学的流体流阻定律，对三种规格的碗形喷嘴试验数据进行分析研究，找出了预测喷嘴工作压强（Ｐ）与喷射流量（Ｑ）关系的两种方法。同时也给出了喷射角（β）和水力效率的计算公式。另外，对改进喷嘴结构提出了初步设想。     

Preliminary study on the occurrence and distribution of polycyclic musks in a wastewater treatment plant in Guandong, China

The occurrence and distributions of six polycyclic musks were studied in influent, primary and effluent waters from a municipal wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) in Guangdong. Five polycyclic musk compounds, 1,2,3,5,6,7-hexahydro-1,1,2,3,3-pentamethyl-4H-inden-4-one (DPMI), 4-acetyl-1,1-dimethyl-6-tert-butylindan (ADBI), 6-acetyl-1,1,2,3,3,5-hexamethylindan (AHMI), 1,3,4,6,7,8-hexahydro-4,6,6,7,8,8-hexamethylcyclopenta(g)-2-benzopyran (HHCB) and 7-acetyl-1,1,3,4,4,6-hexamethyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene (AHTN) were found in wastewater in the WWTP. DPMI, HHCB and AHTN were measured at 0.38-0.69, 11.5-146, 0.89-3.47 microg/l, respectively, in influents. Meanwhile 0.06-0.10 microg/l DPMI, 0.95-2.05 microg/l HHCB, 0.10-0.14 microg/l AHTN were detected in effluents, ADBI and AHMI were also detected in some primary waters and effluents. The results suggested that wastewater from cosmetic plants cause high loadings of polycyclic musks to this WWTP. Under the currently applied treatment technology, the removal efficiencies achieved were 61-75% for DPMI, 86-97% for HHCB and 87-96% for AHTN by transfer to sludge as the main removal route.     

Superior activity of iron–manganese supported on kaolin for NO abatement at low temperature

A series of Fe–Mn catalysts was prepared using different supports(kaolin, diatomite, and alumina) and used for NO abatement via low-temperature NH_3-selective catalytic reduction(SCR).The results showed that 12 Fe–10 Mn/Kaolin(with the concentration of Fe and Mn 12 and 10 wt.%, respectively) exhibited the highest activity, and more than 95.8% NO conversion could be obtained within the wide temperature range of 120–300℃.The properties of the catalysts were characterized by inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry(ICP-AES), thermogravimetry(TG), Brunner–Emmet–Teller(BET)measurements, X-ray diffraction(XRD), H_2-temperature programmed reduction(H_2-TPR),NH_3-temperature programmed desorption(NH_3-TPD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS), scanning electron microprobe(SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy(EDS)techniques.The support effects resulted in significant differences in the components and structures of catalysts.The 12 Fe–10 Mn/Kaolin catalyst exhibited better dispersion of active species, optimum low-temperature reduction behavior, the largest amount of normalized Br?nsted acid sites, and the highest Mn~(4+)/Mn and Fe~(3+)/(Fe~(3+)+ Fe~(2+)), all of which may be major reasons for its superior catalytic activity.     

对全国环境监测信息系统建设总体架构的探讨

文章对全国环境监测网络信息系统的总体框架进行探讨 ,描述了该框架的各部分组成和功能 ,旨在探讨环境监测信息化工作的技术思路。     

美国安全工程师的专业范围与职责

美国安全工程师协会（ASSE）于1911年10月14日在纽约成立,其前身是联邦伤亡事故调查委员会.ASSE在近百年的发展过程中,为美国政府制定职业安全和健康标准和法律提供了重要的依据,并且积极促进政府活动的开展,对美国职业安全卫生局的机构改革提出良好的建议.1996年ASSE机构重组,重新明确安全工程师的职责范围是保护人们的生命、财产和环境不遭破坏.本文对美国安全工程师协会的发展史、安全工程师的专业范围及职责做了简要介绍.     

听泉

如果不是远离街衢，如果不是这一条青灰色石子路牵引了我的目光，我们一定会忽视了这一眼泉水的存在。它是那么狭窄、细弱，一路涓涓然又活泼，穿行在浓密的灌木丛中，没有捎带一丝儿天边的云彩，和那山鸟的喧闹。     

论安全学科的内涵与本科教育课程体系建设

安全学科的内涵是该学科本科教学课程体系建设的基础。学科内涵包括学科研究对象、研究目的、学科属性、研究方法、研究范围、研究内容、基本概念和基本公理。就安全学科来说 ,其研究对象可以简单地认为是损失程度范围非常宽广的事故 ,研究目的当然就是预防事故和控制事故损失 ;由于事故的发生既有社会、人文方面的原因 ,也有自然方面的原因 ,所以安全学科的研究方法就不可能是单一的 ,学科的属性也就具有人文、社会、自然等多重性。由于社会组织最有可能控制事故发生的原因 ,所以安全学科的研究范围一定是一个大到国家、地区 ,小到企业的社会组织 ,组织之内预防事故和控制事故损失的各种方法构成了安全学科的研究内容。该学科有危险源、风险、事故、安全和危险 5个基本概念 ,也可以识别出至少 4条基本公理。以上述学科内涵为理论基础 ,可以构建出近年来作为讨论焦点的安全学科本科教学课程体系。     

旋流板捕捉麻石水膜烟气除尘脱硫装置的研制与运行

针对常规麻石水膜除尘器分离性能差,烟气净化达不到排放标准且带水严重、引起引风机振动等问题,研制了旋流板捕捉麻石水膜烟气除尘脱硫装置.该装置在常规麻石水膜除尘器的基础上,在主塔内增设2～3层旋流板以强化气流的旋转运动,提高除尘和脱硫效率.本文介绍了该装置的试验研究情况,研究了除尘效率与进口速度、含尘浓度、粉尘粒径的关系;脱硫效率与进口流速、循环水pH值的关系和装置的阻力与进口速度、进口含尘浓度的关系,并通过其实际运行结果证明,该装置除尘效率为98.23%～98.50%,脱硫效率达70%以上.