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排序方式: 共有896条查询结果,搜索用时 93 毫秒
891.
Tomiyasu Takashi Yasumatsu Sora Kodamatani Hitoshi Kanzaki Ryo Takenaka Chisato Murao Satoshi Miyagawa Shuichi Nonaka Kenichi Ikeguchi Akiko Navarrete Ian A. 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2023,30(8):20052-20064
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - To elucidate the dynamics of mercury emitted and released by artisanal and small-scale gold mining (ASGM) activity and to estimate its impact on the... 相似文献
892.
893.
This paper summarizes sampling results from NOAA's National Status and Trends (NS&T) Program for marine environmental quality in Delaware Bay. A stratified-random design was used to determine the spatial extent of sediment contamination and toxicity in Delaware Bay from offshore stations in the coastal zone, the lower estuary, the upper estuary, the fresh/salt mixing zone, and tidal fresh areas. Sediment samples were taken for chemical analyses of major classes of environmental contaminants, a suite of toxicity bioassays, and benthic macrofaunal community assessment to identify patterns of resident species. The tidal-fresh areas and portions of the mixing zone of the study area were heavily contaminated. Contaminant concentrations were frequently above the 90th percentile of EMAP Virginian Province levels. PAHs in the sediment were higher than previously documented, with a major component of PAHs being pyrogenic in origin. Bioassay results were highly variable. Toxicity and contaminant levels were correlated when aggregated into indices, but were only marginally correlated with benthic community impacts. High and low abundance stations were found in all zones. Most of the tidal fresh stations were dominated by pollution tolerant species. Species diversity and abundance were generally lowest in the fresh/salt mixing zone. 相似文献
894.
Allen BL Mallarino AP Klatt JG Baker JL Camara M 《Journal of environmental quality》2006,35(2):599-610
Excessively high soil P can increase P loss with surface runoff. This study used indoor rainfall simulations to characterize soil and runoff P relationships for five Midwest soils (Argiudoll, Calciaquaoll, Hapludalf, and two Hapludolls). Topsoil (15-cm depth, 241-289 g clay kg(-1) and pH 6.0-8.0) was incubated with five NH4H2PO4 rates (0-600 mg P kg(-1)) for 30 d. Total soil P (TPS) and soil-test P (STP) measured with Bray-P1 (BP), Mehlich-3 (M3P), Olsen (OP), Fe-oxide-impregnated paper (FeP), and water (WP) tests were 370 to 1360, 3 to 530, 10 to 675, 4 to 640, 7 to 507, and 2 to 568 mg P kg(-1), respectively. Degree of soil P saturation (DPS) was estimated by indices based on P sorption index (PSI) and STP (DPSSTP) and P, Fe, and Al extracted by ammonium oxalate (DPSox) or Mehlich-3 (DPSM3). Soil was packed to 1.1 g cm(-3) bulk density in triplicate boxes set at 4% slope. Surface runoff was collected during 75 min of 6.5 cm h(-1) rain. Runoff bioavailable P (BAP) and dissolved reactive P (DRP) increased linearly with increased P rate, STP, DPSox, and DPSM3 but curvilinearly with DPSSTP. Correlations between DRP or BAP and soil tests or saturation indices across soils were greatest (r > or = 0.95) for FeP, OP, and WP and poorest for BP and TPS (r = 0.83-0.88). Excluding the calcareous soil (Calciaquoll) significantly improved correlations only for BP. Differences in relationships between runoff P and the soil tests were small or nonexistent among the noncalcareous soils. Routine soil P tests can estimate relationships between runoff P concentration and P application or soil P, although estimates would be improved by separate calibrations for calcareous and noncalcareous soils. 相似文献
895.
Gurnell AM Morrissey IP Boitsidis AJ Bark T Clifford NJ Petts GE Thompson K 《Environmental management》2006,38(4):580-596
A conceptual model of the morphological development of the riparian margins of newly cut river channels is presented, suggesting
early feedbacks between vegetation growth and bank form. To test the model, observations of long and cross profiles, bank
sediment and seed deposition, and bank vegetation development were collected over the first 2 years of river flows through
a reach of the River Cole, West Midlands, UK. The newly created channel had a sinuous planform and varying asymmetric trapezoidal
cross section in sympathy with the planform. No imposed bedforms or bank reseeding were included in the design. Over the 2
years, development of bedforms was rapid, with bed sediment sorting and bank profile adjustment occurring more steadily and
progressively. Six classes of bank profile were identified by the end of the study period, illustrating close associations
with sediment aggradation, vegetation colonization, and growth patterns. Vegetation colonization of the banks was seeded predominantly
from local sources during the summer and from hydrochory (transport by the river) during the winter. Colonizing vegetation
on the riverbanks appeared to act as a significant propagule source by the second summer and as an increasingly important
roughness element, trapping both propagules and sediment, within the second year and providing early feedback into bank evolution.
As a result, the time required for riparian margin development in the conceptual model was found to be considerably longer
than observed in the study river. In addition, the role of surface wash/bank failure in modifying the bank profile and transporting
seeds onto the upper bank face during the first year of bank development was found to be important in initiating rapid bank
vegetation colonization and surface stabilization. This set of processes had not been incorporated in the initial conceptual
model. In relation to channel restoration, this research illustrates that in small temperate rivers of modest energy the provision
of an initial, sinuous corridor is sufficient to induce rapid development of fluvial features and vegetation cover without
the need to construct bed forms or to seed the banks. 相似文献
896.
Ian C. Simcock Audrey Lamouroux Neil J. Sebire Susan C. Shelmerdine Owen J. Arthurs 《黑龙江环境通报》2023,43(7):937-949
Autopsy investigations provide valuable information regarding fetal death that can assist in the parental bereavement process, and influence future pregnancies, but conventional autopsy is often declined by parents because of its invasive approach. This has led to the development of less-invasive autopsy investigations based on imaging technology to provide a more accessible and acceptable choice for parents when investigating their loss. Whilst the development and use of more conventional clinical imaging techniques (radiographs, CT, MRI, US) are well described in the literature for fetuses over 20 weeks of gestational age, these investigations have limited diagnostic accuracy in imaging smaller fetuses. Techniques such as ultra-high-field MRI (>3T) and micro-focus computed tomography have been shown to have higher diagnostic accuracy whilst still being acceptable to parents. By further developing and increasing the availability of these more innovative imaging techniques, parents will be provided with a greater choice of acceptable options to investigate their loss, which may in turn increase their uptake. We provide a narrative review focussing on the development of high-resolution, non-invasive imaging techniques to evaluate early gestational pregnancy loss. 相似文献