膨润土对Pb^2＋、Cu^2＋、Cr^3＋的吸附动力学及等温线研究

研究所用膨润土的主要成分为SiO2和Al2O3，属于Ca基膨润土，BET表面积为50．83m^2／g。在恒温及恒定pH条件下，用静态吸附法研究了膨润土对Pb^2＋、Cu^2＋、Cr^3＋的吸附特性，结果表明其较好地符合Lagergren二级吸附速率方程，对这3种离子的吸附速率为Pb^2＋〉Cu^2＋〉Cr^3＋。利用3种等温线方程对吸附过程进行拟合，发现利用Langmuir吸附等温方程计算的值与膨润土吸附Pb^2＋、Cu^2＋、Cr^3＋试验数据最为吻合。膨润土对3种金属离子的平衡吸附量为Cr^3＋〉Cu^2＋〉Pb^2＋。     

小麦蛋白翻译起始因子5A(eIF5A)表达载体构建及原核表达

真核生物的翻译起始因子5A(eIF5A)是调控生物生长发育、衰老及环境适应等的重要因子.在对小麦eIF5A基因进行克隆和序列分析的基础上,成功构建了小麦蛋白翻译起始因子5A(eIF5A)的表达载体pET28a( )-eIF5A,并且经IPTG的诱导进行了原核表达,结果表明,eIF5A能够体外高效表达;进一步的Western blot分析表明,所表达的约18×103特异蛋白确为小麦eIF5A蛋白.图4参19     

Adsorption of water-soluble dyes onto modified resin

Adsorption behavior of five kinds of water-soluble dyes onto functionalized resin NKY has been dynamically and thermodynamically investigated. The results showed that the adsorption rates of dye K-GN, K-2BP, KN-R, AAB and 2G are all controlled by liquid film diffusion and particle diffusion. Equilibrium adsorption data can be well described by three-parameter equation. The first layer adsorption is the physical enhanced by chemical effect but multilayer adsorption is typically physical adsorption. Standard free energy change DeltaG(0) and standard entropy change DeltaS(0) indicate the adsorption of the dyes onto NKY can occur spontaneously.     

对改良硫酸钡比浊法测定水中硫酸根方法的改进

通过条件试验，对改良比浊法测定水中硫酸根方法进行了改进。检测限为０．１６ｍｇ／Ｌ，对地面水，地下水，降水和废水的测定，相对标准差小于１．２％，加标回收率在９５．９％－１０３．８％之间。     

Parameter evaluation and model validation of ozone exposure assessment using Harvard Southern California Chronic Ozone Exposure Study data

To examine factors influencing long-term ozone (O3) exposures by children living in urban communities, the authors analyzed longitudinal data on personal, indoor, and outdoor O3 concentrations, as well as related housing and other questionnaire information collected in the one-year-long Harvard Southern California Chronic Ozone Exposure Study. Of 224 children contained in the original data set, 160 children were found to have longitudinal measurements of O3 concentrations in at least six months of 12 months of the study period. Data for these children were randomly split into two equal sets: one for model development and the other for model validation. Mixed models with various variance-covariance structures were developed to evaluate statistically important predictors for chronic personal ozone exposures. Model predictions were then validated against the field measurements using an empirical best-linear unbiased prediction technique. The results of model fitting showed that the most important predictors for personal ozone exposure include indoor O3 concentration, central ambient O3 concentration, outdoor O3 concentration, season, gender, outdoor time, house fan usage, and the presence of a gas range in the house. Hierarchical models of personal O3 concentrations indicate the following levels of explanatory power for each of the predictive models: indoor and outdoor O3 concentrations plus questionnaire variables, central and indoor O3 concentrations plus questionnaire variables, indoor O3 concentrations plus questionnaire variables, central O3 concentrations plus questionnaire variables, and questionnaire data alone on time activity and housing characteristics. These results provide important information on key predictors of chronic human exposures to ambient O3 for children and offer insights into how to reliably and cost-effectively predict personal O3 exposures in the future. Furthermore, the techniques and findings derived from this study also have strong implications for selecting the most reliable and cost-effective exposure study design and modeling approaches for other ambient pollutants, such as fine particulate matter and selected urban air toxics.     

上海地区气溶胶特征及MODIS气溶胶产品在能见度中的应用

利用气象站点能见度的历史资料和美国国家宇航局的MODIS卫星遥感手段获取10 km×10 km分辨率的气溶胶光学厚度(AOD)资料,建立二者的季节平均关系,得到了上海地区季节变化的气溶胶标高,并利用标高数据和AOD的季节分布,反演出上海地区季节变化的区域能见度分布,研究了近地层大气气溶胶与地面能见度的关系,分析了上海地区AOD的特征及能见度的时空分布特征.结果显示:上海地区冬春季平均能见度较差,外环线以内能见度在10 km以下;低能见度中心分布明显.     

铁炭法处理高浓度难降解表面活性剂废水的研究

就铁炭法对高浓度难降解拉开粉(阴离子表面活性剂)废水的处理效果进行了接近工业化的动态模型实验研究,结果表明酸化铁炭工艺对橡胶工业拉开粉废水具有显著的去除效果.在Fe:C=2:1,pH=4,停留时间60 min,曝气量0.1 m3/h时,拉开粉(BX)和COD的总去除率分别约为80%和45%.     

日本长野高山蔬菜的开发及其对我国的启示

日本长野利用高山夏凉气候和近邻大城市区的市场区位优势,大规模发展蔬菜生产,有力保障了城市蔬菜的供应。为了发展高山蔬菜,日本采取了一系列鼓励与支持的政策措施．并建立起有组织的流通体制。日本长野的经验对我国山区高山反季节蔬菜的基地建设具有重要的启示作用。     

抚顺市“十一五”环境空气污染预测研究

为实现“十一五”经济增长目标的同时,环境空气质量达到国家标准,本文以2002年为基准年,2010年为目标年,对抚顺市进行能耗增长、大气污染物排放量和环境空气质量预测。结果表明,2010年抚顺市大气污染物排放量大幅增加，环境空气质量继续恶化,必须采取相应的对策。     

白色污染的外部性及其管控措施

随着经济的快速发展,白色污染造成的危害日益凸显.中国政府于1999年开始陆续颁布了一系列条例,限制"白色垃圾"的生产、销售和使用.但是,白色污染仍日趋严重.文章首先从分析白色污染的外部性入手,并且重点从经济学的角度讨论其外部性的具体表现.通过对现行政府征收排污税制度和实行排污许可证交易制度的效率比较,得出排污许可证交易是有效率的环境管控措施.