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Dr. Yash P. Agrawal Päivi Ylikangas Markku T. Parviainen Ilkka M. Penttilä 《黑龙江环境通报》1994,14(12):1141-1149
The histochemical measurement of urea-resistant alkaline phosphatase from maternal blood neutrophils is known to have a high detection rate for the prenatal detection of Down's syndrome pregnancies. However, because the histochemical method is laborious and subjective to use, it has not gained widespread acceptance in prenatal screening programmes. We present a simple and objective method for the measurement of urea-resistant alkaline phosphatase by flow cytometry. The method should allow the design of larger studies aimed at evaluating the role of neutrophil urea-resistant alkaline phosphatase in the prenatal screening for Down's syndrome. 相似文献
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The significant processes controlling the fate of particulates are convection an dispersion on one hand, and sedimentation on the other hand. Due to inteparticulated reactions, larger aggregates can be formed from smaller units thus changing the sedimentation characteristics. These phenomena are summarized in a mathematical model whereby hydrodynamic effects as well as the control mechanisms of the dissolved phase are included. A relationship was derived on the basis of energy considerations leading to the formulation of a critical sedimentation velocity of the suspensa, which determines the transport capacity of the flowing system. The sedimentation term is calculated from the above discussed transport capacity, hydro-dynamic parameters and suspending media properties. Aggregation effects are taken into account as an increase of sedimentation velocities of the particles. The equations are solved in a particular computational routine such that the horizontal distribution of suspended solids in a natural system can be describe as function of the above discussed phenomena. The model was tested with in situ-measurements. It was found that the observed processes are described satisfactorily by this model. 相似文献
118.
Jon E. Schoonover Karl W. J. Williard 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》2003,39(2):347-354
ABSTRACT: Ground water contamination by excess nitrate leaching in row‐crop fields is an important issue in intensive agricultural areas of the United States and abroad. Giant cane and forest riparian buffer zones were monitored to determine each cover type's ability to reduce ground water nitrate concentrations. Ground water was sampled at varying distances from the field edge to determine an effective width for maximum nitrate attenuation. Ground water samples were analyzed for nitrate concentrations as well as chloride concentrations, which were used as a conservative ion to assess dilution or concentration effects within the riparian zone. Significant nitrate reductions occurred in both the cane and the forest riparian buffer zones within the first 3.3 m, a relatively narrow width. In this first 3.3 m, the cane and forest buffer reduced ground water nitrate levels by 90 percent and 61 percent, respectively. Approximately 40 percent of the observed 99 percent nitrate reduction over the 10 m cane buffer could be attributed to dilution by upwelling ground water. Neither ground water dilution nor concentration was observed in the forest buffer. The ground water nitrate attenuation capabilities of the cane and forest riparian zones were not statistically different. During the spring, both plant assimilation and denitrification were probably important nitrate loss mechanisms, while in the summer nitrate was more likely lost via denitrification since the water table dropped below the rooting zone. 相似文献
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A pedagogic problem in forestry and landscape management is to visualize future landscape effects of forest growth and current management activities in the forest. This paper presents a method for forecasting digital image projections of forest landscape dynamics. Static nonlinear regression functions estimate the digital numbers in a Landsat Thematic Mapper image. Regressors used are forest stand variables. By estimating the future forest stand data, based on intermediate treatment and growth, future satellite digital images are created. In a case study example, the future landscape of a forest block in the province of Västernorrland, Sweden, is projected to demonstrate the application of this visualization technique. 相似文献
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Maie Bachmann Maksim Säkki Jaan Kalda Jaanus Lass Viiu Tuulik Hiie Hinrikus 《The Environmentalist》2005,25(2-4):165-171
Summary This study focuses on discrimination of changes, produced by low-level microwave exposure in intensity and time variability
of the human EEG at rest. The power spectral density (PSD) method and nonlinear scaling analysis of the length distribution
of low variability periods (LDLVP) were selected for analysis of the EEG signal. During the study, 19 healthy volunteers were
exposed to a microwave (450 MHz) of 217 Hz frequency on-off modulation. The field power density at the scalp was 0.16 mW/cm2. The experimental protocol consisted of ten cycles of repetitive microwave exposure. Signals from frontal, temporal, parietal
and occipital EEG channels on EEG theta, alpha and beta rhythms were analysed. Exposure to microwave causes average increase
of EEG activity. LDLVP analysis discriminated significant effect in time variability for 2 subjects (11%). PSD method detected
significant changes in intensity for 4 subjects (21%). The effect of low-level microwave exposure is stronger on EEG beta
rhythm in temporal and parietal regions of the human brain. 相似文献