Characteristics of phosphorus chemistry and its geographical distribution in the Haihe River valley,North China

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Yellow River Valley flood and drought disaster:spatial-temporal distribution predictionand early-warning

ＹｅｌｌｏｗＲｉｖｅｒＶａｌｌｅｙｆｌｏｏｄａｎｄｄｒｏｕｇｈｔｄｉｓａｓｔｅｒ：ｓｐａｔｉａｌ－ｔｅｍｐｏｒａｌｄｉｓｔｒｉｂｕｔｉｏｎｐｒｅｄｉｃｔｉｏｎａｎｄｅａｒｌｙ－ｗａｒｎｉｎｇＧａｏＬｉｎ，ＳｈａＷａｎｙｉｎｇ，ＬｉｕＨｕａｉｑｕａｎ，...     

神经网络在海水腐蚀预测中的应用

根据我国材料自然环境腐蚀网站长期以来积累的海水腐蚀数据,采用BP人工神经网络算法,建立了碳钢及低合金钢的海水腐蚀预测模型.该模型以合金成分、环境因素为输入参数,以平均腐蚀速率为输出参数.以碳钢、低合金钢的17种钢种在青岛、厦门、榆林海水腐蚀试验站16年腐蚀数据建模.选定A3钢与10CrCuSiV在以上三地16年的腐蚀数据为验证样本.结果表明该网络具有良好的预测精度,能够正确反映海水环境腐蚀性因素及金属材料腐蚀暴露时间与其腐蚀速率的关系,用于碳钢及低合金钢在海洋全浸环境中的腐蚀预测.     

处理含油废水絮凝剂最佳配方的筛选

针对含油废水，选择合适种类的絮凝剂，通过评价絮凝剂的除油效果，筛选出适合处理石油化工行业含油废水的絮凝剂最佳配方．其主要特点是投加量少、除油效果好、价格适宜。     

汞污染河流底质迁移模式研究

对蓟运河下游汞污染底质迁移过程的研究表明:在水流作用下,底质的重新悬移在其过程中起主要作用.在过去七年中,由这一作用带入渤海的汞为16.6t.本文提出了一种数学模式来描述这一过程.与实测数据对比,模式计算结果具有较好的精度(误差为16.4％)和重现性.用模式预测出底质中汞浓度降至目前二分之一所需时间为9—10年.     

南太平洋社会群岛塔希提岛(TAHITI)火山岩——一种典型的大洋岛屿玄武岩

塔希提岛火山岩属典型的大洋岛屿玄武岩(OIB)。该岛是法属波利尼西亚群岛中社会群岛链之一部分,火山活动可分三期:早期(1.7—1.3Ma),中期(1.3—0.6Ma)和晚期(0.6—0.3Ma)。早期火山岩兼有碱性和拉斑系列岩石,包括苦橄玄武岩、碱性玄武岩、拉斑玄武岩及少量玄武安山岩;中期火山岩主要有粗面玄武岩—粗面岩、碱性玄武岩和少量碧玄岩;晚期则以碧玄岩为主,并有部分碱玄岩出现。火山岩的这种岩性变化表明其岩浆由早到晚从富镁、硅弱不饱和向富碱和硅强烈不饱和演化。 社会群岛火山链的火山活动以平均11cm/a的速率从西北向东南迁移,与MORB相比,所有塔希提的岩石皆富大离子亲石元素并有较高的~(87)Sr/~(66)Sr比值,这一特征可能与其特殊的源区成分有关,即富集的地幔热柱或大洋岩石圈。早期岩石是地幔热柱和少量洋壳的部分熔融产物的混合体,故既有拉斑系列又有碱性系列。随着火山活动远离存在热柱的热点区域,洋壳部分熔融的程度逐渐降低,因而其产生的熔融体也越来越富碱,~(87)Sr/~(66)Sr比值也相应有所降低。     

游离附生假单胞菌对铜绿微囊蓝细菌中32P释放的影响

采用同位素示踪法，分析游离附生假单胞菌(Pseudomonas sp-)对富集^32P的铜绿微囊蓝细菌(Microcystis aeruginosa)中磷释放的影响．研究结果表明：在微囊蓝细菌生长的延迟期和对数期．游离附生假单胞菌的加入抑制了微囊蓝细菌中^32P的释放，而对蓝细菌的生长没有明显的影响；在微囊蓝细菌生长的稳定期和衰减期，假单胞菌促进其蓝细菌细胞内^32P的释放，同时也加速微囊蓝细菌的衰亡．假单胞菌对微囊蓝细菌^32P释放的促进作用是由于自身的吸磷能力导致的．假单胞菌的吸磷量由假单胞菌生物量和细胞内磷浓度决定，假单胞菌在微囊蓝细菌的整个生长阶段生物量不断增加，而体内^32P浓度在开始阶段很低．直到微囊蓝细菌进入稳定期才达到相对稳定。     

脱水污泥高含水率条件下好氧发酵过程的研究

在仓式反应器内,用木屑作为调理剂,对上海市某污水处理厂的脱水污泥进行一次好氧发酵试验。试验结果表明:用木屑作为调理剂的条件下,含水率控制在70%～75%时脱水污泥的一次好氧发酵过程能顺利进行。     

Enhanced removal of high-As(Ⅲ) from Cl(-Ⅰ)-diluted SO4(-Ⅱ)-rich wastewater at pH 2.3 via mixed tooeleite and(Cl(-Ⅰ)-free) ferric arsenite hydroxychloride formation

An advanced cost-saving method of removal of high-As(Ⅲ) from SO₄(-Ⅱ)-rich metallurgi cal wastewater has been developed by diluting the SO₄(-Ⅱ) content with As(Ⅲ)-Cl(-Ⅰ)-rich metallurgical wastewater and then by the direct precipitation of As(Ⅲ) with Fe(Ⅲ) at pH2.3.As(Ⅲ) removal at various SO₄(-Ⅱ)/Cl(-Ⅰ) molar ratios and temperatures was investigated The results showed that 65.2–98.2%of As(III) immobilization into solids occurred at the SO₄(Ⅱ)/Cl(-Ⅰ) mo...     

Decomplexation of Cu-1-hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid by a three-dimensional electrolysis system with activated biochar as particle electrodes

The feasibility of decomplexation removal of typical contaminants in electroplating wastewater, complexed Cu(II) with 1-hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid (Cu-HEDP), was first performed by a three-dimensional electric reactor with activated biochar as particle electrodes. For the case of 50 mg/L Cu-HEDP, Cu(II) removal (90.7%) and PO initial pH 7, acid-treated almond shell biochar (AASB) addition 20 g/L, and reaction time 180 min, with second-order rate constants of 1.10 × 10⁻³ and 1.94 × 10⁻⁵ min⁻¹respectively. The growing chelating effect between Cu(II) and HEDP and the comprehensive actions of adsorptive accumulation, direct and indirect oxidation given by particle electrodes accounted for the enhanced removal of Cu-HEDP, even though the mineralization of HEDP was mainly dependent on anode oxidation. The performance attenuation of AASB particle electrodes was ascribed to the excessive consumption of oxygen-containing functionalities during the reaction, especially acidic carboxylic groups and quinones on particle electrodes, which decreased from 446.74 to 291.48 µmol/g, and 377.55 to 247.71 µmol/g, respectively. Based on the determination of adsorption behavior and indirect electrochemical oxidation mediated by in situ electrogenerated H₂O₂ and reactive oxygen species (e.g., •OH), a possible removal mechanism of Cu-HEDP by three-dimensional electrolysis was further proposed.