关于档案管理信息化与数字化的探索

随着电子技术、网络通信技术的迅速发展,档案信息化建设随之兴起.推进档案信息化建设,必需从档案信息标准化、档案信息数字化和档案信息网络化三方面着手,统一规划,加强管理,加大资金投入,加强专业技术人员培训.     

Atmospheric DDTs over the North Pacific Ocean and the adjacent Arctic region: Spatial distribution,congener patterns and source implication

During the 2003 Chinese Arctic Research Expedition (CHINARE 2003) from Bohai Sea to the high Arctic (37°N–80°N), air samples were collected and analyzed for DDTs. ∑DDTs (sum of six congeners) ranged from 0.52 to 265 pg m^?3 with an average of 13.1 pg m^?3. Higher DDT concentrations were observed in Bohai Sea and near eastern Russia. The congener patterns were obviously different between the Far East Asia and the higher latitudinal regions that p,p'-DDT and o,p'-DDT were dominated in the former; while o,p'-DDT and o,p'-DDE were dominated in the latter. The source contributions of technical DDT and dicofol type DDT were estimated. Results showed that technical DDT was the dominant source (>94%) which was fresher in the Far East Asia compared to the North Pacific Ocean and the Arctic. For dicofol type DDT, the estimated contribution was minor. The “new” o,p'-DDT observed should have relatively more contribution from dicofol type DDT in the North Pacific Ocean and the Arctic.     

山西省近50年气候变化特征分析

根据近50年来山西省18个气象基准站1960—2004年间的逐月气温、降水量和山西气象观测台(太原站)1966—2005年的逐月太阳辐射资料的统计,对山西省的气候变化进行了较系统的分析。结果表明,近50年来山西省气温上升趋势明显,而且在1990年有一次明显的跃变(1990年的累积距平等于零),年平均温度以0.25℃/10a的幅度上升;降水的年变化呈下降趋势,平均以18.7mm/10a的幅度下降,在1990年也有一次跃变;年总太阳辐射量亦呈下降趋势,且在1982年有一次明显的突变,年平均太阳辐射总量以每10年238.9204 MJ/m2的幅度下降。1982年以前以正距平为主,1982年后以负距平为主,且跃变的幅度较明显。     

铁水包底粘铁所引发的一起重伤事故分析

介绍了一起铁水包底粘铁所引发的事故经过,进行了事故原因分析,指出了事故教训和预防措施。     

生物絮凝法与化学絮凝法处理洗毛废水的比较

分别采用生物絮凝法和化学絮凝法处理300 mL COD为20 000 mg/L、SS为4 000 mg/L的洗毛废水,最佳生物絮凝条件:生物絮凝剂加入量为5 mL,反应温度为30℃,先以120 r/min搅拌5 min、再以60 r/min搅拌35 min,洗毛废水pH为9.0.COD去除率达92%.最佳化学絮凝条件:化学絮凝剂加入量为30 mL,反应温度为40℃,先以120 r/min搅拌5 min、再以60 r/min搅拌25 min,洗毛废水pH为5.0.COD去除率达93%.生物絮凝剂和化学絮凝剂对洗毛废水的絮凝效果接近,但生物絮凝剂的加入量比化学絮凝剂少很多.     

粉尘爆炸强度分级方法存在问题分析

介绍了目前国际上粉尘爆炸强度分级方法及分级判据，并对其存在的问题进行了分析，在此基础上提出新的等级划分及分级判据。     

CODCr测定方法探讨

对经典测定水样ＣＯＤＣｒ的方法进行了改进，以硫酸银－硫酸铜作催化剂代替单独作用硫酸银，用适量硝酸银、硝酸铋代替硫酸汞消除氯离子的干扰，适当提高了消解用硫酸浓度，缩短回流时间。     

Physiological responses of glyphosate-resistant and glyphosate-sensitive soybean to aminomethylphosphonic acid, a metabolite of glyphosate

Aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA) is formed in glyphosate-treated glyphosate-resistant (GR) and glyphosate-sensitive (GS) soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] plants and is known to cause yellowing in soybean. Although, AMPA is less phytotoxic than glyphosate, its mode of action is different from that of glyphosate and is still unknown. Greenhouse studies were conducted at Stoneville, MS to determine the effects of AMPA on plant growth, chlorophyll content, photosynthesis, nodulation, nitrogenase activity, nitrate reductase activity, and shoot nitrogen content in GR and GS soybeans. AMPA was applied to one- to two-trifoliolate leaf stage soybeans at 0.1 and 1.0 kg ha(-1), representing a scenario of 10% and 100% degradation of glyphosate (1.0 kg ae ha(-1) use rate) to AMPA, respectively. Overall, AMPA effects were more pronounced at 1.0 kg ha(-1) than at 0.1 kg ha(-1) rate. Visual plant injury (18-27%) was observed on young leaves within 3d after treatment (DAT) with AMPA at the higher rate regardless of soybean type. AMPA injury peaked to 46-49% at 14 DAT and decreased to 17-18% by 28 DAT, in both soybean types. AMPA reduced the chlorophyll content by 37%, 48%, 66%, and 23% in GR soybean, and 17%, 48%, 57%, and 22% in GS soybean at 3, 7, 14, and 28 DAT, respectively. AMPA reduced the photosynthesis rate by 65%, 85%, and 77% in GR soybean and 59%, 88%, and 69% in GS soybean at 3, 7, and 14 DAT, respectively, compared to non-treated plants. Similarly, AMPA reduced stomatal conductance to water vapor and transpiration rates at 3, 7, and 14 DAT compared to non-treated plants in both soybean types. Photosynthesis rate, stomatal conductance, and transpiration rate recovered to the levels of non-treated plants by 28 DAT. Plant height and shoot dry weight at 28 DAT; nodulation, nitrogenase activity at 10 DAT, and nitrate reductase activity at 3 and 14 DAT were unaffected by AMPA. AMPA reduced root respiration and shoot nitrogen content at 10 DAT. These results suggest that a foliar application of AMPA could indirectly reduce photosynthesis through decreased chlorophyll content in GR and GS soybean up to 14 DAT, but affected plants can recover to normal growth by 28 DAT.     

西安市冬、夏两季PM2.5中碳气溶胶的污染特征分析

为研究西安市冬、夏两季大气颗粒物PM2.5中碳组分的污染变化规律,利用TEOM系列RP1400a采样仪于2010年冬季和夏季进行采样,测定了样品中的有机碳(OC)、无机碳(EC)和水溶性有机碳(WSOA)的含量。结果显示,PM2.5中OC和EC的季节平均浓度值冬季较高,分别是夏季的2.62,1.75倍,这表明西安市冬季碳气溶胶污染严重。OC和EC日变化在不同季节均呈现双峰分布特征,这主要是由交通源的排放和不利的气象条件造成的。OC和EC在冬、夏两季都有较强的相关性(R2分别为0.823和0.543),且OC/EC平均值分别为5.36和3.58,均大于2,表明采样各时段有二次有机碳(SOC)生成。