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21.
Hawkins BA Diniz-Filho JA Bini LM Araújo MB Field R Hortal J Kerr JT Rahbek C Rodríguez MA Sanders NJ 《Ecology》2007,88(8):1898-1902
22.
Colombo Stefanie M. Rodgers Timothy F. M. Diamond Miriam L. Bazinet Richard P. Arts Michael T. 《Ambio》2020,49(4):865-880
Ambio - Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is an essential, omega-3, long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid that is a key component of cell membranes and plays a vital role in vertebrate brain function. The... 相似文献
23.
Michelle Alves de Abreu-Mota Rodrigo Pereira Medeiros Mauricio Almeida Noernberg 《Regional Environmental Change》2018,18(7):2047-2058
The mullet fishery system encompasses a complex arrange of ecological and socioeconomic factors interacting in multiple scales on the Southern-Southeastern Brazilian coast. Similarly, to other fisheries in developing countries, overfishing and poor governance have been threatening the resilience of the mullet fishery. In this paper, we explore aspects related to fisheries management from the perspective of the concept of resilience. The industrial and artisanal fishery sectors represent the different stakeholders. The main issues of concern are related to failures in the fisheries management to properly address equity in resource access and resource use sustainability among stakeholders. Asymmetry in technology and political and economic power affect food security and income generation especially for subsistence and small-scale fishing. Despite changes in rules-in-use, overfishing and conflicts between resource users are still relevant. Fishery dynamics and resource availability are greatly affected locally by forces such as pollution, urbanization, non-selective fishing, and regionally, by the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO), and industrial (purse-seine) fishery. Considering the influence of ENSO on this fishery, a time span of at least 7 years to investigate this system could provide better answers to improve the management. Effective resilient fisheries should rely on three aspects. First, there should be a flexible fish allocation system based on ecosystem variability. Secondly, fish allocation should prioritize food security and poverty alleviation. Thirdly, a monitoring system should be implemented that takes into consideration ecosystem, fisheries and human dimensions to support a flexible and adaptive fisheries management, with resilient fisheries as an ultimate goal. 相似文献
24.
25.
Reynaldo Mauricio Rodríguez Amaya Sandra Milena Becerra Pinto 《International journal of occupational safety and ergonomics》2016,22(1):152-158
Objective. The objective of this study was to learn about the health and safety strategies in a sample of taxi drivers in Bucaramanga, Colombia. Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 138 taxi drivers. A survey was used to identify the socio-demographic and working characteristics, knowledge, attitudes and practices according to their occupational risk. Results. Eighty-five percent of the workers labored 9–15?h/day. Of those who suffered accidents, 27% were not affiliated to an occupational risk administrator (p = 0.028). Of the workers who had a work-related accident, 58% considered that the use of a cell phone while driving would not always reduce their attention, 50% always used their seat belt and 7% took active breaks and wore their seat belt (p = 0.01). Conclusions. Within this group of taxi drivers, having or believing to possess knowledge regarding an occupational risk did not ensure that they had a safe attitude or safe working practices. 相似文献
26.
Saki Harii Naoko Yasuda Mauricio Rodriguez-Lanetty Takahiro Irie Michio Hidaka 《Marine Biology》2009,156(6):1203-1212
The establishment of symbiosis in early developmental stages is important for reef-building corals because of the need for
photosynthetically derived nutrition. Corals spawn eggs and sperm, or brood planula larvae and shed them into the water. Some
coral eggs or planulae directly inherit symbiotic dinoflagellates (Symbiodinium spp.) from their parents, while others acquire them at each generation. In most species examined to date, the larvae without
dinoflagellates (aposymbiotic larvae) can acquire symbionts during the larval stage, but little is known regarding the timing
and detailed process of the onset of symbiosis. We examined larval uptake of symbiotic dinoflagellates in nine species of
scleractinian corals, the onset of symbiosis through the early larval stages, and the distribution pattern of symbionts within
the larval host, while living and with histology, of two acroporid corals under laboratory conditions. The larvae acquired
symbiotic dinoflagellates during the planktonic phase in all corals examined which included Acropora digitifera, A. florida, A. intermedia, A. tenuis, Isopora
palifera, Favia pallida, F. lizardensis, Pseudosiderastrea tayamai, and Ctenactis echinata. The larvae of A. digitifera and A. tenuis first acquired symbionts 6 and 5 days after fertilization, respectively. In A. digitifera larvae, this coincided with the formation of an oral pore and coelenteron. The number of symbiotic dinoflagellates increased
over the experimental periods in both species. To test the hypothesis that nutrients promotes symbiotic uptake, the number
of incorporated dinoflagellates was compared in the presence and absence of homogenized Artemia sp. A likelihood ratio test assuming a log-linear model indicated that Artemia sp. had a significantly positive effect on symbiont acquisition. These results suggest that the acquisition of symbiotic
dinoflagellates during larval stages is in common with many coral species, and that the development of both a mouth and coelenteron
play important roles in symbiont acquisition. 相似文献
27.
Viviana Paiano Caterina Generoso Alberta Mandich Ilaria Traversi Marinella Palmiotto Renzo Bagnati Andrea Colombo Enrico Davoli Roberto Fanelli Elena Fattore 《Chemosphere》2013
We analyzed polychlorobiphenyls (PCBs), perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) in the edible part of farmed sea bass reared in two fish farms in Liguria (Northern Italy). The aim was to determine the contamination levels and human exposure to these chemicals through fish consumption. Concentrations of “dioxin-like” PCBs (DL-PCBs) ranged from 0.033 to 0.759 pg ΣTEQ-PCB g−1 whole weight (w.w.) in fish farm 1 and from 0.032 to 1.60 pg ΣTEQ-PCB g−1 w.w. in fish farm 2, and the six indicators of “non-dioxin-like” (NDL-PCBs) from 0.538 to 9.33 ng Σ6PCB g−1 w.w. and from 1.62 to 27.6 ng Σ6PCB g−1 w.w. Concentrations were generally lower in farm 1 than in farm 2. One reason for this difference might be the proximity of farm 2 to the seaport of La Spezia, which could be a punctual source of pollutants influencing the contamination of the water in the farm. Principal component analysis (PCA) showed differences also in the congeners profiles for the two sites, with higher-chlorinated PCBs more abundant in farm 1, and lower-chlorinated PCBs were more abundant in farm 2. Most of the concentrations of PFOS and PFOA were below the limit of detection (LOD 0.05 ng g−1 w.w.). Only about 10% of the samples analyzed had levels slightly higher than the LOD. Assessments of exposure using these data showed that consumption of farmed fish may contribute significantly to PCBs through the diet, whereas the contribution of PFOS and PFOA seems to be low. 相似文献
28.
Andrea Colombo Emilio Benfenati Simona Grazia Bugatti Marco Lodi Alessandro Mariani Loredana Musmeci Giuseppe Rotella Vincenzo Senese Giovanni Ziemacki Roberto Fanelli 《Chemosphere》2013,90(9):2352-2357
Ambient air samples were collected in five locations around a polychlorobiphenyl (PCB) production plant in a highly industrialized city in the north of Italy, for the analysis of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) and PCBs.PCDD/F atmospheric concentrations were lower than those generally detected in urban areas, while PCB concentrations were higher than in urban and industrialized areas in other countries, especially in the locations closest to the plant. To identify source emissions responsible for air pollution we used principal component analysis (PCA) to compare the “fingerprint” of the air in Brescia with some source-related experimental and published data. This analysis showed that the PCDD/F fingerprints were more similar to steel plant emission data, while none of the PCB air patterns were comparable to emission profiles, indicating that different sources are responsible for the concentration of these two pollutants. The highest PCB concentrations detected in the areas closest to the chemical plant are indicative of its impact on the surrounding environment. 相似文献
29.
V. Andreoni M. Colombo M. Gennari M. Negre R. Ambrosoli 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2013,48(5):963-987
Abstract Laboratory experiments were conducted to study the degradation of acifluorfen 5‐[2‐chloro‐4‐ (trifluoromethyl)‐phenoxy]‐2‐nitrobenzoic acid by a mixed microbial population. Concentrations of acifluorfen up to 100 mg/1 had no inhibitory effect on the growth of microbial culture. The microorganisms degraded acifluorfen through a cometabolic process in presence of 2‐nitrobenzoate. The degradation rate of acifluorfen, determined by liquid chromatography analysis in batch cultures incubated under oxygen and oxygen‐limited conditions were compared. The degradation was slower under oxygen than oxygen‐limited conditions. Aminoacifluorfen was produced in both conditions. 相似文献