Pulverization of waste printed circuit boards

A new pulverization method to reduce the volume of waste printed circuit boards is reported. About 50% of printed circuit boards with integrate circuits (ICs) could be pulverized by our method in one 20-min batch, but boards without ICs could not be pulverized. By repeating the process three times, about 95% of printed circuit boards with ICs could be made into a fine powder with particles less than 106µm. A weight-drop test was also performed to examine the strength of the printed circuit boards and clarify the mechanism of pulverization. When a weight was dropped on the solder-welding side of the board ruptures occurred more easily than when the weight was dropped on the IC-mounted side. With a heavy weight, the IC was fractured more easily when the potential energy was low. Where the stress was concentrated, two types of rupture location were found on printed circuit boards with ICs. One was where the IC was connected to the printed circuit board. The other was where the surface had undulations. It also became clear that the fracture of printed circuit boards depends on the impacting weight rather than on the potential energy.     

Solid-state anaerobic co-digestion of food waste,rice straw,and rice husk supplemented with cattle digesta under thermophilic conditions

Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management - Improving the solid-state digestion of food waste (FW) is important for recovering energy and utilizing the digested residue as fertilizer. Herein,...     

城市火灾风险表征量及其与社会经济因素的多元相关性分析——以日本2005年统计数据为例

利用因子分析法对日本2005年统计数据进行了分析.从13个常用火灾统计指标中提取出火灾后果总量、火灾发生概率、平均死亡人数及平均经济损失4个公因子,并采用多元线性回归方法对若干社会经济因素与4个公因子建立多元线性模型.根据模型的判定系数和各自变量的偏相关系数,分析了若干社会经济因素与4个火灾风险公因子的相关性并对重要度进行排序.结果表明,4个公因子意义明确且相互独立,可全面表征城市火灾风险程度.基于分析数据,火灾后果总量公因子与人口总量呈显著线性相关;火灾发生率公因子主要受人员结构、人口流动性及居住条件3个方面影响,与人口总量、经济水平、教育水平之间不存在线性相关性;平均死亡人数公因子随消防训练提高而显著降低; 平均经济损失公因子与选用的任何一个社会经济因素之间都没有线性相关性.     

Life cycle environmental benefit and waste-to-energy potential of municipal solid waste management scenarios in Indonesia

Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management - Appropriate municipal solid waste management transition should be promoted for developing Asian countries. Thus, we established a life-cycle...