呼和浩特市不同粒径空气颗粒物中汞的分布规律

采用分级采样装置 ,于冬夏两季采集呼市三个不同功能区不同粒径空气颗粒物中的汞进行分析 ,结果表明 :呼市空气颗粒物中的汞含量冬季明显高于夏季 ;冬季空气颗粒物中的汞含量为居民区 >交通区 >对照区 ,夏季为交通区 >居民区 >对照区 ;空气中汞主要富集在可吸入粒子中。     

水中氯仿的活性炭电增强吸附特性

讨论了活性炭在电场作用下对水中微量的三氯甲烷的吸附 ,测定不同控制电位下活性炭的吸附量 ,并讨论了吸附动力学与吸附等温方程 .实验结果表明 :活性炭的吸附量与活性炭上所加的控制电位相关 .在阳极极化时 ,活性炭的吸附量增大 ;在阴极极化时 ,活性炭吸附量减少 .吸附起始浓度为 10 0 μg L的氯仿溶液 ,同样数量的活性炭在阳极极化下可得到最大吸附量 ,其值为无电场时的 1 6倍 .分析了电场影响活性炭吸附的机理 .     

蔬菜样品的H_2SO_4-H_2O_2快速消化方法

本文报道了使用硫酸 -过氧化氢对蔬菜样品进行快速消化的方法。其消化时间比常规消化方法大为缩短。重金属元素镉、铬、铜、镍、锌含量测定的结果 ,与用常规消化方法 (硝酸 -高氯酸 )相吻合。     

高浓度甲基橙溶液的低压湿式催化氧化处理

以高浓度甲基橙溶液模拟偶氮染料废水,采用低压湿式催化氧化法(LPWCO)进行处理,考察了H2O2投量、温度、FeSO4投量、硫酸浓度、甲基橙浓度等因素对甲基橙脱色率的影响。结果表明,LPWCO法能有效地使高浓度(大于400mg/L)甲基橙溶液脱色,脱色率大于95%,而H2O2投量不到Fenton法的5%。     

Effects of cerium on growth and physiological mechanism in plants under enhanced ultraviolet-B radiation

Effect of cerium （Ce^3＋） on the growth, photosynthesis and antioxidant enzyme system in rape seedlings （Brassica juncea L.） exposed to two levels of UV-B radiation （T1： 0.15 W/m^2 and T2：0.35 W/m^2） was studied by hydroponics under laboratory conditions. After 5 d of UV-B treatment, the aboveground growth indices were obviously decreased by 13.2%-44. 1%（T1） and 21.4%-49.3% （T2）, compared to CK, and except active absorption area of roots, the belowground indices by 14.1%-35.6%（T1） and 20.3%-42.6% （T2）. For Ce＋UV-B treatments, the aboveground and belowground growth indices were decreased respectively by 4.1%-23.6%, 5.2% -23.3%（Ce＋T1） and 10.8%-28.4%, 7.0%-27.8%（Ce＋T2）, lower than those of UV-B treatments. The decrease of growth indices appeared to be the result of changes of physiological processes. Two levels of UV-B radiation induced the decrease in chlorophyll content, net photosynthesis rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance and water use efficiency by 11.2%-25.9%（T1） and 20.9%- 56.9%（T2）, whereas increase in membrane permeability and activities of antioxidant enzymes including superoxide dismutase（SOD）, catalase （CAT） and peroxidase （POD） by 6.9%, 22.8%, 21.5%, 9.5%（T1） and 36.6%, 122.3%, 103.5%, 208.9%（T2）, respectively. The reduction of the photosynthetic parameters in Ce＋UV-B treatments was lessened to 3.2%-13.8%（Ce＋T1） and 4.9%-27.6%（Ce＋T2）, and the increase of membrane permeability and activities of antioxidant enzymes except POD in the same treatments were lessened to 2.4%, 8.4%, 6.6%（Ce＋T1） and 30.1%, 116.7%, 75.4%（Ce＋T2）. These results indicate that the regulative effect of Ce on photosynthesis and antioxidant enzymatic function is the ecophysiological basis of alleviating the suppression of UV-B radiation on growth of seedlings. Furthermore, the protective effect of Ce on seedlings exposed to TI level of UV-B radiation is superior to T2 level.     

中国东南沿海中生代火山作用基本特征

中国东南沿海自晚侏罗世到白垩纪火山活动分为二期、四个旋回,在空间上有迁移性,在时间上与侵入活动呈交替式演变。建立火山碎屑流等五种岩相模式,岩浆爆发占主导地位,同时存在蒸气岩浆爆发。确定破火山口、火山穹隆和锥火山为火山构造基本类型。由火山作用与区域构造作用、沉积作用控制形成火山沉积洼地、火山构造洼地和火山构造隆起。提出不同类型火山构造组合形式和相互演化关系。火山岩系列属高钾钙碱系列,晚期则具双模式性质。它们的地球化学型式兼具大陆边缘和大陆板内双重特性。     

安徽新桥铜硫矿床成矿时代及成矿物质来源

安徽新桥铜硫矿床的主要矿体呈似层状赋存于上石炭统黄龙组下部，矿石的Rb－Sr等时线年龄为313.2士32．7Ma，Ph－Ph等时线年龄为290±10Ma。锶和铅同位素组成反映成矿物质主要来自上地壳（地层）。矿床主要由海西期沉积成矿作用形成，后来受到了燕山期岩浆活动迭加改造。     

Effects of simulated acid rain on cation release in soils of South China

This paper deals with the release of base cations and Al3+ at the treatment with simulated acid rain (SAR) in main soil types collected from South China. Results showed that the amounts of base cations increased obviously when the pH value of simulated acid rain was lower than 3.0 or 3.5. Compared with the leaching of K+ and Na+, the leaching of Ca2+ and Mg2+ was affected by the pH value of SAR. Only when the amounts of base cations leached from soils exceeded the cation exchange capacity, the pH value of leaching solutions decreased sharply and the amounts of released Al3+ increased. The H+ buffering mechanisms, which were affected notonly by the pH values of SAR, but also by the types and solid components of soils, were proposed for the main soils studied.     

Photocatalytic remediation of γ-hexachlorocyclohexane contaminated soils using TiO2 and montmorillonite composite photocatalyst

TiO2 and montmorillonite composite photocatalysts were prepared and applied in degrading γ-hexachlorocyclohexane(γ-HCH)in soils.After being spiked with γ-HCH,soil samples loaded with the composite photocatalysts were exposed to UV-light irradiation.The results indicated that the photocatalytic activities of the composite photocatalysts varied with the content of TiO2 in the order of 10%＜70%＜50%＜30%.Moreover,the photocatalytic activity of the composite photocatalysts with TiO2 content 30% was higher than that of the pure P25 with the same mass of TiO2.The strong adsorption capacity of the composite photocatalysts and quantum size effect may contribute to its increased photocatalytic activities.In addition,effect of dosage of composite photocatalysts and soil pH on γ-HCH photodegradation was investigated. Pentachlorocyclohexene,trichlorocyclohexene,and dichlorobenzene were detected as photodegradation intermediates,which were gradually degraded with tlle phOtOdegradation evolution.     

2019年西安首场雾霾PM2.5关键特征的综合诊断

通过对WRF-Chem（Weather Research and Forecasting Model Coupled to Chemistry）环境模式模拟资料、HYSPLIT（HYbrid Single Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory Model）前/后向气团轨迹资料、环境站监测资料，以及西安理工大学（Xi''an University of Technology，简称XUT）多波长激光雷达、米散射激光雷达、能见度仪、粒谱仪等观测资料的综合诊断，探讨了2019年1月初发生在西安的雾霾过程（记为首场雾霾）PM_2.5组分、分布及传输特征，旨在为雾霾气溶胶研究提供有益的个例积累.定性、定量双重检验表明，Chem模式较成功复制了此次雾霾气溶胶过程.利用这些可靠的模式数据分析表明，PM_2.5中碳气溶胶的主要组分为有机碳，约占85%，强盛期气溶胶各组分随高度增加均呈递减趋势，各组分近地面浓度最高.通过对两类不同方法获取的消光系数对比分析表明，相比于模式数据，激光雷达数据具有更高的垂直分辨率，因此，更善于描述消光廓线的细节特征.通过对多源资料的综合诊断最终揭示出，"北风涌"是雾霾消散的关键影响因子，沿铜川-西安-山阳一带存在着污染物传输的重要路径，雾霾由此体现出自北向南依次消散的特征.