凹凸棒土对腐殖酸的低温吸附性能研究

首次研究凹凸棒土对饮用水中腐殖酸的低温吸附性能,考察5℃条件下,吸附时间与腐殖酸初始浓度、吸附剂投加量、pH对凹凸棒土吸附腐殖酸的影响,确定吸附剂的吸附等温线、吸附动力学和热力学等相关理论参数,研究凹凸棒土对腐殖酸的吸附性能与机理。结果表明,江苏盱眙凹凸棒土在温度5℃、pH=4、水中腐殖酸初始浓度为5 mg/L,投加量为15 g/L的条件下,吸附180 min后对腐殖酸的去除率可达97.26%。凹凸棒土对腐殖酸的吸附符合二级吸附动力学方程与Freundlich吸附等温式,吸附过程由孔隙内扩散过程控制,吸附为自发的吸热过程,包括物理吸附与化学吸附。根据Fre-undlich吸附等温式拟合计算,5℃、pH=7时理论最大吸附量为9 mg/g,说明凹凸棒土对于低温饮用水中腐殖酸具有良好的吸附效果。     

Provenances of atmospheric dust over Korea from Sr–Nd isotopes and rare earth elements in early 2006

Sr and Nd isotopic composition of pre- and syn-Asian dust (Hwangsa) particles collected from three different water depths at two different offshore sites, western Korea and rare earth elemental composition of syn-Asian dust particles collected from three islands around the Korean Peninsula in late April 2006 were analyzed to interpret their provenance. The dust Sr–Nd isotopic compositions vary spatiotemporally, but they show specific values when the Hwangsa event occurred. Satellite images, airmass backward trajectory modeling, and comparison with Sr–Nd isotopic ratios and rare earth elements compositions of soils and desert sands of northern China all suggest the major source of dust particles for the late April 2006 Hwangsa event to be the Mu Us Desert in northern China. Dust particles of the pre-Hwangsa period include both background dusts and the previous Hwangsa event dust particles, and they are interpreted to have been originated from various arid regions of China such as the Hobq Desert, the Mu Us Desert, and the Taklamakan Desert in different times. Different background dust sources during pre-Hwangsa period in early 2006 resulted from the changing route of the westerlies.     

便携式场(厂)内专用机动车辆制动性能检测设备的研发

设计一套可用于场(厂)内专用机动车辆制动系统现场检验的在线检测设备,将制动性能测量、多通道信号处理算法,以及智能化诊断集成于一体,通过显示窗口反馈设备运行过程中的关键参数与预警部位,并为检测结果判断安全等级,从而提高了检验效率,实现了检验设备的小型化、智能化.     

太湖大气氮、磷干湿沉降特征

于2018年1—12月,采集太湖湖滨及湖面共计9个点位600多个干湿沉降样品,估算了N、P干、湿沉降率以及全太湖2018年N、P干、湿沉降通量。结果表明,2018年太湖TN和TP月湿沉降率均值分别为161. 2和7. 1 kg/(km~2·月),TN和TP月干沉降率均值分别为103. 6和4. 5 kg/(km~2·月)。TN和TP年干沉降率空间分布规律为:湖面之上开阔水域处的TN和TP年干沉降率大于其他湖滨点位,TN和TP总沉降通量为7 702和333 t/a。2018年相比于2002—2003年,TN和TP总沉降通量分别降低了22. 6%和53. 8%。     

Evaluation of environmental impacts of food waste management by material flow analysis (MFA) and life cycle assessment (LCA)

This paper focuses on the evaluation of potential environmental impacts of food waste management practices by material flow analysis (MFA) and life cycle assessment (LCA) during different life cycle stages toward the environmentally sustainable options for Daejeon Metropolitan City (DMC) in Korea. The MFA and LCA studies were conducted to examine different recycling facilities of food waste. The results of the LCA study indicate that, among the different recycling methodologies currently in practice in DMC, Scenario 4 (wet and dry feed site) conduced to higher global warming potential (GWP) and higher acidification potential (AP), whereas Scenarios 2 (wet feed site 1) and 3 (wet feed site 2) resulted in the lowest impact. This is mainly due to the emission caused during the treatment stage. For eutrophication potential (EP), Scenario 1 (composting site) contributed to higher environmental impacts due to the emission of ammonia generated during the treatment process, while in case of photochemical ozone creation potential (POCP), the collection stage for all recycling facilities led to higher impacts to the environment due to the combustion of fossil fuels. This study indicates that the proper disposal of the final residues, such as solid sludge and screened materials, could aid in reducing environmental burdens.     

Characteristics of MSW and heat energy recovery between residential and commercial areas in Seoul

This paper analyzes the amount and characteristics of municipal solid waste (MSW) according to the inhabitant density of population and the business concentration in 25 districts in Seoul. Further, the heat energy recovery and avoided CO₂ emissions of four incineration plants located in residential and commercial areas in Seoul are examined. The amount of residential waste per capita tended to increase as the density of inhabitants decreased. The amount of commercial waste per capita tended to increase as the business concentration increased. The examination of the heat energy recovery characteristics indicated that the four incineration plants produced heat energy that depended on residential or commercial areas based on population and business. The most important result regarding avoided CO₂ emissions was that commercial areas with many office-type businesses had the most effective CO₂ emission savings by combusting 1 kg of waste. Assuming the full-scale operation of the four incineration plants, the amount of saved CO₂ emissions per year was 444 Gg CO₂ and 57,006 households in Seoul can be provided with heat energy equivalent to 542,711 Nm³ of LNG.     

Homology modeling of anti-parathion antibody and its interaction with organophosphorous pesticides and analogues

The mechanism of specific recognition in pesticide immunochemistry was investigated by computer-based strategy, and a rapid method for the identification of antibody specificity was developed. Based on the previously produced anti-parathion monoclonal antibody (mAb), the DNA sequence was analyzed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). From the translated amino acid sequences, a three-dimensional structure of the antibody was constructed by homology modeling method, and then it was coordinated by 1 ns molecular dynamics under the explicit solvent condition. The stereochemical property and folding quality were further assessed by Procheck and Profile-3D. The self-compatibility score for the antibody model was 98.7, which was greater than the low score 46.2 and close to the top score 102.6. In addition, parathion and several structural analogues were docked to the constructed antibody structure. The docking results showed that the interaction energy (-40.54 kcal/mol) of antibody-parathion complex was the lowest among all the tested pesticides, which accounted for the high specificity of the antibody to parathion and perfectly matched with the experimental data. Moreover, three residues, Phe165, Asp107 and Thr100 were recognized as the most important residues for antibody reacting with parathion. The interaction energy negatively correlated with the antibody specificity.     

金华生态建筑的设计

金华生态建筑是自身良性循环的绿色建筑物，有3个特点，即屋顶覆土种植或养殖或设太阳能装置，地下设有以净化生活污水为主要目的沼气净化池，墙体垂直绿化，这三者缺不一可，但可单项利用，它有节土，节水，节能和经济，环境，社会产益协调统一这两大优点。     

颗粒活性炭载体新型生物转盘去除生活污水中COD和NH3-N的研究

开发一种改进型生物转盘处理生活污水，将盘片改为转笼状，并向其中加入颗粒活性发作为载体，研究该系统对生活污水的处理效果。结果表明：在转盘转速为15rpm和HRT分别为10h、8h、6h、4．5h情况下，进水COD平均浓度约为223mg／L，出水COD平均浓度分别为15．6、17．9、23．4、28．2mg/L，平均去除率为93．0％、91．9％、89．5％、86．6％；进水NH3-N平均浓度约为22mg／L，出水NH3-N平均浓度分别为0．32、1．13、2．30、5．71mg／L，平均去除率为98．5％、94．8％、89．7％、74．6％。     

粒子阻隔效率测试仪串行通信数据处理系统

在GB2626—2006《呼吸防护用品——自吸过滤式防颗粒物呼吸器》中防尘面罩粒子阻隔效率测定是一项评价防尘面罩性能的关键指标。为实现数据通信及处理的自动化操作，提高检测效率，本研究针对装置的串行数据通信的底层接口，开发基于EXCELVB脚本的串行通信数据处理系统。该系统为更好地研究实粒子阻隔效率测定方法和阻隔效率相关规律提供了便利条件。