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141.
142.
This work examined how adding one of three polyelectrolyte flocculants (T3052: cationic, T2000: non-ionic, and T1052: anionic) affected the anaerobic digestion of wastewater sludge. Methane production, floc characteristics (morphology and zeta-potential) and process parameters (soluble chemical oxygen demands (SCODs) and reductive potentials) were monitored along the digestion tests. The digestion rates of T2000- and T1052-conditioned sludge resembled that for original sludge. The T3052-flocculated sludge generated methane at a higher rate during the first 6 days of digestion than did the original one. In the following stage, the digestion rate of sludge flocculated with T3052 at dosage exceeding 15 g/kg dried solids declined. For example, at 40 days of digestion the methane production amounts for original, 15 g/kg DS flocculated, and 40 g/kg flocculated sludge were of 136, 105, and 85 g/kg DS, respectively. The role of flocculants could change in different stages of digestion.The dosed polymers had no apparent toxicity to the inoculum used. The changes in SCOD, adenosintriphosphate concentrations, oxidative and reductive potential, and zeta-potentials did not correlate with the noted hindered digestion for T3052-conditioned sludge. Microphotographic observation revealed that the flocs of T3052-conditioned sludge were not only of a large size, but also were resistant to structural deterioration during digestion. Therefore, mass transfer resistance was proposed to account for the hindered digestion efficiency observed for T3052-conditioned sludge. 相似文献
143.
通过对比运行试验,研究了内、外循环EGSB反应器酸碱特征及其调控能力.结果表明,内、外循环厌氧反应器内部的pH值分布规律相似,较低有机负荷时pH值梯度变化较小,较高负荷时随循环比变化pH值分布有所差别,但2种条件下循环比为3时反应器内pH值均可达到较均衡的分布.相同原水pH值条件下外循环体系pH值要高于内循环体系pH值,2种条件下体系pH值变化趋势较为一致,二者平均差值在0.5个单位左右.循环厌氧反应器系统pH值维持在6.3~6.8可以较好地保障系统正常运行,为了保证此条件,外循环运行方式对原水pH值的极限调节范围是4.5~6.8,内循环运行方式对原水pH值的极限调节范围是5.3~7.2.该成果对于研究和应用内外循环EGSB反应器具有理论参考和实用价值. 相似文献
144.
145.
Formation and emission status of PCDDs/PCDFs in municipal solid waste incinerators in Korea 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Kim SC Jeon SH Jung IR Kim KH Kwon MH Kim JH Yi JH Kim SJ You JC Jung DH 《Chemosphere》2001,43(4-7):701-707
This study was carried out to examine the formation and the emission status of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDDs/PCDFs) in the flue gases of commercial-scale municipal solid waste (MSW) incinerators, and thus to provide the engineering data for the reduction of PCDDs/PCDFs emitted from MSW incinerators. The formation concentrations of the PCDDs/PCDFs generated at the outlet of waste heat boilers (WHB) were in the range of 1.18-29.61 ng-TEQ/N m3 (average 5.75 ng-TEQ/N m3), while the emission concentrations at the stacks were in the range of 0.026-4.548 ng-TEQ/N m3 (average 0.924 ng-TEQ/N m3). Two major 2,3,7,8-substituted congeners were 2,3,4,7,8-PeCDF and 2,3,4,6,7,8-HxCDF, and their concentrations were up to 50% and 64% of total TEQ values at the outlet of WHB and the stack, respectively. From the results of multi-regression analysis, the formation concentration of PCDDs/PCDFs could be predicted as follows with the correlation factor of r2 = 0.962: PCDDs/PCDFs (ng-TEQ/N m3) = 3.036 (Cl) + 0.094 (T1) - 0.472 (Combustibles) + 0.059 (CO) - 0.039 (THC) - 3.366 (H) + 22.157, where T1 (degrees C) is the temperature at the outlet of the WHB. Cl, Combustibles and H are given as percentages and the others are in parts per million. 相似文献
146.
超声强化混凝去除蓝藻实验研究 总被引:11,自引:2,他引:11
研究了超声波对藻类的混凝去除强化,证明超声波可以快速、高效地提高藻类混凝去除效率,减少混凝剂用量.在混凝剂投加量为0.8 mg/L时,5 s超声处理,藻类去除效果比对照样好30%.同样,藻类去除率都为92%时,5 s超声预处理可以将混凝剂投加量降低至1/3.超声预处理时间对强化混凝效果有很大的影响,在实验条件下,1~5 s的超声处理均可产生满意的结果,1 s为最优、最经济时间,而预处理超过30 s反而降低混凝效果.低频下不同处理频率对超声强化混凝效果影响不大,在80 kHz的频率下,最佳功率为50 W.最佳pH值在8~9范围内. 相似文献
147.
由文辉 《生态与农村环境学报》1997,(3)
淀山湖是上海市唯一的淡水湖泊,面积约62km2。淀山湖湿地的形成主要是地质、地貌、气候、水文等自然因素和人类活动影响长期相互作用的结果。本文着重讨论了淀山湖湿地的生产功能和环境生态功能,并对湖泊湿地的利用与保护提供了建议。 相似文献
148.
Min Sun Risheng Yao Yahua You Shengsong Deng Wenxia Gao 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2007,1(1):95-98
This paper reports on the degradation of 4-aminophenol using hydrogen peroxide as oxidizer and the enzyme from Serratia marcescens AB 90027 as catalyst. The effecting factors during degradation and the degrading mechanism were studied. Also, the location of the enzyme in the cell, which could catalyze the degradation of 4-aminophenol, was analyzed. The results showed that to degrade 50 mL of 4-aminophenol whose concentration was 500 mg/L, the optimal conditions were: volume of H2O2 = 3 mL, temperature = 40–60°C and pH = 9–10. In the degradation process, 4-aminophenol was first converted to benzoquinone and NH3, then organic acids including maleic acid, fumaleic acid, and oxalic acid were formed, and then finally CO2 and H2O were generated as final products. The enzyme that could catalyze the degradation of 4-aminophenol was mainly extracellular enzyme. 相似文献
149.
Humic acids, especially FA in fractions, contain more oxygen functional groups. In this experiment, on the basis of confirming the action of humic acids on KBD, what was studied is the biological effects of one of main oxygen functional groups, hydroxy group (-OH). The results indicate that inducing pathologic process of KBD, obviously decrease the GSH-Px activity and induce peroxidation membrane injury of tissue. The SOD activity increase in the tissues caused by oxygen functional groups showed that enhancing of free radical reaction should not be neglected. 相似文献
150.
IntroductionThestudyofmodernsoilzoologyhasenteredintoastageofbiologicalproductivityandtherelationbetweenhumanandenvironment.P?.. 相似文献