Land use as a mitigation strategy for the water-quality impacts of global warming: a scenario analysis on two watersheds in the Ohio River Basin

This study uses an integrative approach to study the water-quality impacts of future global climate and land-use changes. In this study, changing land-use types was used as a mitigation strategy to reduce the adverse impacts of global climate change on water resources. The climate scenarios were based on projections made by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) and the United Kingdom Hadley Centre's climate model (HadCM2). The Thornthwaite water-balance model was coupled with a land-use model (L-THIA) to investigate the hydrologic effects of future climate and land-use changes in the Ohio River Basin. The land-use model is based on the Soil Conservation Service's curve-number method. It uses the curve number, an index of land use and soil type, to calculate runoff volume and depth. The ArcView programming language, Avenue, was used to integrate the two models into a geographic information system (GIS). An output of the water-balance model, daily precipitation values adjusted for potential evapotranspiration, served as one of the inputs into the land-use model. Two watersheds were used in the present study: one containing the city of Cincinnati on the main stem of the Ohio River, and one containing the city of Columbus on a tributary of the Ohio River. These cities represent two major metropolitan areas in the Ohio River Basin with different land uses experiencing different rates of population growth. The projected hypothetical land-use changes were based on linear extrapolations of current population data. Results of the analyses indicate that conversion from agricultural land use to low-density residential land use may decrease the amount of surface runoff. The land-use practices which generate the least amount of runoff are forest, low-density residential, and agriculture; whereas high-density residential and commercial land-use types produce the highest runoff. The hydrologic soil type present was also an important factor in determining the amount of runoff and non-point-source pollution. A runoff-depth matrix and total nitrogen matrix were created for Cincinnati and Columbus to describe possible land-use mitigation measures in response to global climate change. The differences in Cincinnati and Columbus were due to differences in geographic location, air temperature, and total runoff. The results of this study may be useful to planners and policy makers for defining the possible impacts of future global climate and land-use changes on water resources.     

Technological system for sustainable development of Chinese agriculture

ＴｅｃｈｎｏｌｏｇｉｃａｌｓｙｓｔｅｍｆｏｒｓｕｓｔａｉｎａｂｌｅｄｅｖｅｌｏｐｍｅｎｔｏｆＣｈｉｎｅｓｅａｇｒｉｃｕｌｔｕｒｅＺｈａｎｇＲｅｎｗｕ；ＪｉＷｅｎｙｉｎｇ；ＺｈａｎｇＴｏｎｇ（Ａｇｒｏ－ＥｎｖｉｒｏｎｍｅｎｔａｌＰｒｏｔｅｃｔｉｏｎＩｎ...     

Florisil柱层析与GC-ECD测定海洋环境样品中OCPs

建立了ＧＣ－ＥＣＤ测定海洋环境样品中ＯＣＰs的分析方法。通过Ｆｌｏｒｉｓｉｌ柱层 析的分类分析和毛细管ＧＣ－ＥＣＤ的测定，得出了ＯＣＰs柱层析的分离点（所需正己烷 的最小淋洗体积为１５０ｍｌ）和ＯＣＰs的回收率（其范围为２１．８％～１０８．７％），给出了海洋环境样品中ＯＣＰs的含量。结果表明，本方法是可行的。     

石油污染对真鲷幼体谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶影响的研究

选择厦门港石油烃污染物０＾＃柴油和养殖鱼类赵鲷（Ｐａｇｒｏｓｏｍｕｓ ｍａｊｏｒ）幼体为材料，研究了石油污染对真鲷幼体内脏谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性变化的影响。结果表明：在本实验剂量范围内，油污对真鲷幼体内脏Ｓｅ－ＧＰｘ总的表现为显著的诱导作用；油污对Ｓｅ－ＧＰｘ活性变化的剂量－效应作用形式表现为抛物线型，即低浓度对酶活性起诱导作用，高浓度则起抑制作用；     

自动监测数据管理及网络查询系统的设计与应用

文章介绍了环境空气质量日报及水质自动监测周报数据管理软件和基于web方式查询系统的总体设计及应用。以Microsoft Visual Basic6．0为开发平台，结合Access2000数据库平台设计开发了数据管理软件。运用ASP网络编程技术，实现了环境自动监测数据的网络查询和共享。经过在本机服务器系统实际应用效果较好，将其移植到真正的web服务器上即可实现开放式网络查询功能。     

『吃德』与『生态法西斯分子』

中国人好吃。因而吃的讲究极多。自古以来。有关吃的外观、内容乃至礼仪、细节都有说法。而烹调技术、口味之类的食谱、馔经，更是汗牛充栋。连孔圣人都说过“食不厌精。脍不厌细”。“割不正不食”。甚至关心到作料，强调“不撤姜食”。可见“民以食为天”，吃在中国人心目中所占的分量。     

Microbial flocculant and its application in environmental protection

１ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＡｌｏｔｏｆｖａｒｉｅｄｆｌｏｃｃｕｌａｎｔｓｈａｖｅｂｅｅｎｕｓｅｄｉｎｗａｓｔｅｗａｔｅｒｔｒｅａｔｍｅｎｔ，ｄｒｅｄｇｉｎｇｄｏｗｎｓｔｒｅａｍｐｒｏｃｅｓｓｉｎｇａｎｄｓｏｍｅｉｎｄｕｓｔｒｉａｌｆｉｅｌｄｉｎｃｌ...     

Preconcentration and determination of trace copper(II) in natural water using silica gel modified with 1-(2-pyridylazo)-2-naphthol

Trace copper (II) in water can be preconcentrated using silica gel modified with 1-(2-pyridylazo)-2-naphthol (PAN) and be determined spectrophotometri-cally. The conditions for the preconcentration were studied. The method was applied to both artificial and natural water samples and the results suggest that copper (II) of ppb level in water can be measured accurately after the preconcentration.     

MBR处理工艺的新发展

膜生物反应器(MBR)作为一种新型高效的污水处理方法,其研究发展的空间仍很大。通过与不同的污水处理流程相结合,MBR的处理工艺得到了拓展。通过介绍:MBR与序批式反应器(SBR)相结合工艺;MBR与升流式厌氧滤床(AUBF)相结合工艺;MBR与高效生物反应器(HCR)相结合工艺等多种最新型MBR处理工艺,对MBR工艺发展趋势进行预测。     

摩托车后挡泥板冲孔模

分析了摩托车后挡泥板的冲孔工艺,着重介绍了摩托车后挡泥板冲孔模的结构。该模具布局合理,结构紧凑,提高了生产效率,降低了生产成本,从而降低了摩托车的造价,提高了摩托车的市场竞争力。