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591.
Lina Gan Kezhi Li Hejingying Niu Yue Peng Jianjun Chen Yuandong Huang Junhua Li 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2021,15(4):70
592.
区域环境协同治理理论可为跨区域环境监管体制改革提供重要理论支撑。在政策和法律法规的推动下,近年来我国跨区域环境治理取得了一定成效,但是仍存在中央与地方权责划分不明,跨区域环境监管缺乏权威性,环境监管垂管制度改革不彻底等问题。现有机制无法有效支撑地方政府开展跨区域环境监管和深层次的环境协同高效治理。为进一步突破现有的制约障碍,提高跨区域环境协同治理效率,应当进一步加快中央层面的跨区域统一立法和地方层面的跨区域协同立法,以法律保障跨区域环境监管体制改革向纵深推进,将中央与地方政府环境保护的权责在法律中进行明确和细化,中央政府成立专门的跨区域环境治理机构,地方层面成立跨区域环境治理协同机构,理顺跨区域环境治理中的纵向和横向关系,进而推进我国生态文明体制建设。 相似文献
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594.
Leachate pollution in landfill sites is a major source of environmental concern. This study evaluates organics, nutrients and heavy metals in a landfill site in Beijing, and introduces a method combining coagulation–flocculation with filtration for the advanced treatment of leachate. The results confirm that CODCr, TN, NH4+ ? N, TP, Mn and As in leachate treated by an anaeobic–oxic biological method are unable to meet discharge or surface water quality standards. When treated with coagulation–flocculation combined with filtration under optimal conditions (cationic polyacrylamide dosage of 8.0 mg/L; polyaluminium chloride dosage of 350 mg/L; 0.4–0.6 mm ceramsite media in the filtration process), the residual NH4+? N, TN, Mn and As in the leachate meet the maximum allowed values for landfill leachate discharge or surface water quality standards in China; the exceptions are chemical oxygen demand and total phosphorus. Leachate treatment processes could be further strengthened or improved. 相似文献
595.
以氯苯降解率为降解效果指标,以降解温度、初始pH、降解时间、接种量和氯苯初始浓度为影响因素,对实验室保藏的一株氯苯优势降解菌株Lysinibacillus fusiformis LW13降解氯苯的降解条件进行优化。单因素试验结果表明,该降解菌株对氯苯的适宜降解条件分别为:温度20~40℃,pH为8.0,降解时间4 d,接种量2%~4%,氯苯初始浓度60~140 mg/L。以降解温度、氯苯初始浓度和接种量这三个显著影响因素进行正交试验,结果表明各影响因素的主次顺序为降解温度>氯苯初始浓度>接种量,最佳降解条件为降解温度35℃、氯苯初始浓度100 mg/L和接种量4%,最佳降解条件下氯苯降解率可高达93.8%。 相似文献
596.
微生物诱导碳酸钙沉淀(MICP)作为一种环保型地基处理技术,其机理是通过微生物诱导碳酸钙沉淀有效改善土体工程性能,参与固化反应的营养液成份不同对固化效果有显著影响。分别选用氯化钙和硝酸钙作为营养液中的钙源,通过渗透实验、干密度实验、吸水率实验、无侧限抗压强度实验从宏观角度分析钙源对微生物固化砂土物理力学指标的影响。同时,结合电镜扫描测试,从微观角度对比了不同钙源作用下碳酸钙沉淀晶体形态及空间分布的差异。研究结果表明:利用硝酸钙固化后的砂柱整体密实度更高,其破坏裂缝在饱水和干燥状态下比氯化钙固化后的砂柱更小;硝酸钙作为钙源固化后的砂柱渗透系数和吸水率更低,干密度和无侧限抗压强度也更高。电镜扫描结果显示,氯化钙为钙源形成的碳酸钙沉淀量较少,形态为球状,散落分布在砂粒表面;硝酸钙形成碳酸钙沉淀量较多,形态以球状或者立方体为主,包裹住砂颗粒,团聚效果更为明显。因此,就钙源而言,硝酸钙的微生物固化效果较氯化钙更好。 相似文献
597.
598.
The effects of deoxynivalenol in different dose including 100, 200, 500, 1000, and 1500 µg/L on primary cranial osteoblasts from fetal mice were investigated. Fluorescence staining, flow cytometric measurement, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol 2-y1)-3,5-di-phenyltetrazolium bromide assay, quantitative PCR, and Western blot were used for the test. Mineralization and proliferation of osteoblasts decreased upon 100 µg/L and higher deoxynivalenol treatment and apoptosis of osteoblasts was increased upon 500, 1000, and 1500 µg/L deoxynivalenol treatment. Karyopyknosis, membrane breakage, and a decreased number of calcium nodes were also observed upon 500 µg/L deoxynivalenol treatment. The mRNA and protein levels of B-cell lymphoma-2-associated X protein were upregulated, B-cell lymphoma-2 protein downregulated with increasing concentrations of deoxynivalenol treatment and their ratio increased. Deoxynivalenol induces apoptosis of osteoblasts, suggesting a mechanism by which deoxynivalenol can affect murine skeletal development. 相似文献
599.
600.
Niu X.Guo S.Zhou J.Huang D.Gao Z.Chi M. 《应用与环境生物学报》2018,(4):758-765
In order to investigate the effect of different slope-protecting vegetation on soil restoration in the highways, we collected soils at depths of 0-10 cm, 10-20 cm, and 20-30 cm from areas planted with Amorpha fruticosa, Periploca sepium, and Paederia scandens for 6-7 years in the Daming road section of the Daguang Highway, in October 2016. The physico-chemical properties and microbial community of the soils were then analyzed. The soil microbial community was analyzed by terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP). The correlation between the microbial community and the physico-chemical properties of the soils was determined by redundancy analysis (RDA). The results showed that (1) the physico-chemical properties were the best for soils with Paederia scandens; the nutrient content, water holding capacity, and porosity of the soils with the three types of slope-protecting vegetation were better in the 0-10 cm layer than in the other layers; (2) the contents of soil aggregates (diameter > 5 mm) were the highest in the 0-10 cm and 10-20 cm layers for the soil with Paederia scandens; (3) the dominant bacteria in the 0-10 cm layer and dominant fungi in the 0-10 cm, 10-20 cm, and 20-30 cm layers were higher in the soils with Pe. sepium and Pa. scandens than in the soil with A. fruticosa; and (4) results of RDA showed that the physical properties of the soils were the main factors that influenced the soil microbial community. The physical properties of the soils were sensitive to the change of soil quality. Soil quality can be improved by appropriate management measures, such as burying litter, which can subsequently improve the ecological environment of soils in sloping regions. © 2018 Science Press. All rights reserved. 相似文献