Calcium invigorates the cadmium-stressed <Emphasis Type="Italic">Brassica napus</Emphasis> L. plants by strengthening their photosynthetic system

Introduction  

Cadmium (Cd) in plants interrupts numerous metabolic processes and reduces the water and nutrient uptake that cause chlorosis, growth retardation, and ultimately plant death. Response of Brassica napus L. to calcium (Ca) enrichment in growth medium for reducing Cd toxicity stress by strengthening the photosynthesis organelles and their functionality was explored in this study.     

A holistic framework for design of cost-effective minimum water utilization network

Water pinch analysis (WPA) is a well-established tool for the design of a maximum water recovery (MWR) network. MWR, which is primarily concerned with water recovery and regeneration, only partly addresses water minimization problem. Strictly speaking, WPA can only lead to maximum water recovery targets as opposed to the minimum water targets as widely claimed by researchers over the years. The minimum water targets can be achieved when all water minimization options including elimination, reduction, reuse/recycling, outsourcing and regeneration have been holistically applied. Even though WPA has been well established for synthesis of MWR network, research towards holistic water minimization has lagged behind. This paper describes a new holistic framework for designing a cost-effective minimum water network (CEMWN) for industry and urban systems. The framework consists of five key steps, i.e. (1) Specify the limiting water data, (2) Determine MWR targets, (3) Screen process changes using water management hierarchy (WMH), (4) Apply Systematic Hierarchical Approach for Resilient Process Screening (SHARPS) strategy, and (5) Design water network. Three key contributions have emerged from this work. First is a hierarchical approach for systematic screening of process changes guided by the WMH. Second is a set of four new heuristics for implementing process changes that considers the interactions among process changes options as well as among equipment and the implications of applying each process change on utility targets. Third is the SHARPS cost-screening technique to customize process changes and ultimately generate a minimum water utilization network that is cost-effective and affordable. The CEMWN holistic framework has been successfully implemented on semiconductor and mosque case studies and yielded results within the designer payback period criterion.     

Evaluation of enterovirus recovery in surface water by different adsorption and elution procedures

The performance of six concentration method combinations and two quantitative analysis techniques were evaluated in terms of enterovirus recovery efficiencies by adjusting the pH and salt concentration of water samples. Of the six concentration method combinations, adsorption on nitrocellulose membranes followed by an acid rinse elution consistently gave the highest recovery efficiencies. In theory, an electropositive membrane should be the most appropriate technique for adsorption of electronegative viruses in pure water. However, it displayed the greatest loss in natural waters. For adsorption and elution procedures, both the electronegative membrane, accompanied by an acid rinse step, and the electropositive membrane, accompanied by a glycine rinse step, provided higher recovery efficiencies. MPN-RT-PCR, a statistically quantitative analysis method, performed more efficiently, in economic terms, but had a similar enterovirus recovery trend to real-time RT-PCR, which is the authoritative quantitative analysis method for nucleic acid.     

空间碎片防护结构优化设计理论模型

分析了空间碎片环境，提出了航天器对空间碎片的防护方案。对这种防护结构提出了优化设计模型     

从阪神震害看沈阳市的防震减灾对策

通过对日本阪神震害的主灾区神户市与中国沈阳市在人口、经济发展状况及地震背景等方面的对比，指出了沈阳市潜在的地震灾害危险，并参考神户在防震灾规划中所存在的失误，提出了沈阳市应采取的防震减灾措施和对策．     

公共管理与公众参与策略：于桥水库水质改善项目

环境问题是在人类的发展与资源的开发过程中产生的 ,是多种因素综合作用的结果 ,解决任何一个环境问题都将涉及到若干部门和公众 ,决不是一个部门所能完全胜任的。因此 ,采用公共管理与公众参与的模式解决环境问题 ,是改善环境质量的必然途径 ,是一个政府环境管理能力的综合体现。文章阐述了公共管理与公众参与的内涵、目标、目的、基本原则和实施程序等。     

尾矿坝稳定性精细化评价方法的研究

尾矿库安全与否关系到下游居民生命财产与矿山生产的安全,必须确保其安全运行,因此,需要实时了解和掌握尾矿坝生产期间稳定性的动态演变特性及其安全性。针对现有评价方法的不足,借鉴边坡稳定性评价中精细化评价理论,结合尾矿坝体、基底及其筑坝特点,建立了尾矿坝精细化评价方法。并结合具体工程实例将新方法的评价结果与传统分析结果进行了对比与分析, 结果表明,精细化评价方法的评价结果具有更高的可靠性与精度高的特点,更加接近稳定状态的真值,从而为尾矿坝的安全评价与设计提供了决策依据。     

强腐蚀土壤地区特高压线路砼基础施工技术

为了增强特高压输电线路砼基础对地基土和地下水的抗腐蚀性能,通过采取"内增外防"的措施,在国内特高压输电线路工程中首次使用高性能抗腐蚀混凝土及高强防腐布袋的裹体灌注桩技术。应用结果表明:裹体灌注桩基础施工技术工艺步骤清晰,节省成本,施工效率高,便于推广,对强腐蚀土壤地区工程基础施工及防腐具有非常重要的参考价值。