中国工业污染防治的战略决策——清洁生产

本文简述了清洁生产的概念与国外清洁生产的概况，评述了国内工业生产的现状及推行清洁生产的潜力和前景，并提出了一些有益建议。     

Confined placental mosaicism for trisomy 14 and maternal uniparental disomy in association with elevated second trimester maternal serum human chorionic gonadotrophin and third trimester fetal growth restriction

A case of confined placental mosaicism (CPM) and maternal uniparental isodisomy 14 identified after placental karyotype revealed trisomy 14 in a newborn with intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) and minor dysmorphic features is reported. During the second trimester of the pregnancy, multiple marker screening revealed an increased risk for Down syndrome of >1 in 10. The maternal serum human chorionic gonadotrophin (MShCG) was markedly elevated at 4.19 MoM. Amniocentesis revealed a normal 46,XX karyotype. Fetal growth restriction has been associated with elevated MShCG and placental aneuploidy with CPM for chromosomes 2, 7, 9 and 16. The present case of CPM for chromosome 14 was also associated with fetal growth restriction and elevated second trimester MShCG, suggesting a common link. Further studies need to be done to determine if indeed elevation of second trimester MShCG is associated with increased risk of CPM. The present case again demonstrates the need to perform placental karyotype in unexplained fetal growth restriction. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

珠江流域"西电东送"能源空间配置的综合效益分析

“西电东送”作为跨区域能源合作工程，引发了区域间经济利益关系格局的重新调整，也日益突显出区域环境利益间的关系。在区域协调发展的战略背景下，从能源配置的经济效益目标、环境效应与社会效益三方面，以珠江流域“西电东送”为案例。测算跨区域能源合作所产生的综合效应即总体净福利。研究结果表明西电东送工程建设改善了西部的交通条件和投资环境，增加了当地财政收入和就业机会。缓解了东部即广东省的电力紧缺局面．优化广东的能源结构。已产生减排SO2、缓解酸雨危害等环境效应。针对西部电能输出区大规模开发水电可能改变地质构造引发地震、产生水库移民以及高耗能产业向西部聚集形成新的污染源等环境问题。提出以提高社会总体净福利作为能源配置合理有效性的重要依据的观点，所探讨的跨区域能源台作多方共赢的动力机制。如生态补偿的市场化建议期望能对跨区域能源合作提示有益的启发。     

王家坡滑坡形变变化的模糊分析

本文对陕西省蓝田县王家坡滑坡近三年来的形变资料经过预处理后,进行了模糊分析,指出了王家坡坡体各部位蠕动变形水平及特征,并对整个坡体的蠕动变形趋势和降水量进行了比较分析,初步得出了坡体变形与降雨量的关系。     

AN LP-10 MODEL FOR COORDINATING MULTI-GROUP INPUTS IN RESOURCE PLANNING1

ABSTRACT A model for guiding public as well as multi-discipline inputs about the development of water and related natural resources has been developed. Optimal location of economic activities can be achieved by iterative use of the model. An example illustrating the manner the model can be used is included in the paper.     

Occurrence and distribution of organochlorine pesticides (HCH and DDT) in sediments collected from East China Sea

Sediments used in this study were collected from different depths of eight sites in East China Sea in November 2002. The levels and distribution patterns of the selected organochlorine pesticides (OCPs=p,p'-DDT, o,p'-DDT, p,p'-DDE, p,p'-DDD, alpha-, beta-, gamma- and delta-HCH) in samples were investigated by the technique of sonication extraction followed by the analysis of gas chromatography (GC) coupled with a micro-electron capture detector (muECD). The concentrations of SigmaHCH and SigmaDDT in the surface sediments were in the range of <0.05-1.45 ng/g (mean 0.76 ng/g), <0.06-6.04 ng/g (mean 3.05 ng/g) based on dry weight (dw), respectively. In the vertical distributions, the SigmaHCH and SigmaDDT were in the range of <0.05-2.52 ng/g, <0.06-10.94 ng/g dw, respectively. Residues of OCPs varied significantly with different sampling sites. SigmaDDT in the surface sediments was correlated well with total organic carbon (TOC) content (r2=0.71), while SigmaHCH showed no obvious correlation. The distribution showed that the sediments from the vicinity estuary or near shore had higher TOC contents, and higher OCPs concentrations. The contamination record indicated an extensive use of OCPs in the catchments from Yangtze River in the past might greatly affect the OCP residues.     

The effects of preozonation on the biodegradability of mixed phenolic solution using a new gas-inducing reactor

In this study, the effects of preozonation on the biodegradability of mixed 2-chlorophenol/4-cresol solution were investigated using a new gas-inducing reactor, which can provide high ozone utilization efficiency. The decomposition rate of phenolic mixture, COD removal and TOC removal increases with increasing pH. A half-order overall kinetic model can correctly describe the decomposition of phenolic mixture. The BOD(5)/COD ratio of the preozonized solutions increases with increasing preozonation time, indicating that preozonation can enhance the biodegradability. Based on high ozone utilization rate, it is concluded that the best characteristic time can be chosen at the rapid increase of ozone gas outlet concentration. Since the ozone gas outlet concentration can be easily monitored, it is a useful real-time control parameter in preozonation.     

城市排水系统提质增效关键技术研究 ——以马鞍山市为例

长江中下游城市普遍存在排水系统提质增效问题,成为制约城市水环境长效改善的关键瓶颈.结合长江生态环境保护修复马鞍山驻点城市需求,围绕精准控源截污和雨天排放污染控制,以马鞍山市主要城市内河——慈湖河水系水质改善为案例,开展了4项关键技术研究:1)基于河流网格化水量水质监测的排污口溯源方法,结合反问题方法,确定慈湖河干流污染...     

用大型底栖动物对武汉南湖水质的生物学评价

2003年6月至2004年5月季度性调查武汉南湖大型底栖动物的种类组成,并对水质理化指标进行测定.结果表明,大型底栖动物由寡毛类和水生昆虫组成,密度为4 437个/m2,优势种为霍甫水丝蚓和刺铗长足摇蚊;大型底栖动物的Shannon-Wiener多样性指数和Margelef多样性指数表明南湖水质为中等污染状态;历年夏季水体中主要营养元素含量的变化,进一步描述了近年来南湖富营养化的加剧进程.