载银活性碳纤维对大肠杆菌吸附作用的研究

以大肠杆菌（Ｅｓｃｈｅｒｉｃｈｉａｃｏｌｉ）为对象，通过细菌吸附实验研究了载银活性碳纤维（ＡＣＦ（Ａｇ））对大肠杆菌的吸附特性．借助扫描电子显微镜（ＳＥＭ）进行细菌分布形态的观察和细菌数量的计算．结果表明，大肠杆菌易分布于ＡＣＦ（Ａｇ）表面的沟槽处；ＡＣＦ（Ａｇ）吸附的细菌数量随银含量、比表面积的增加而增大．此外，细菌吸附量还与ＡＣＦ（Ａｇ）表面银颗粒的大小有关．对吸附细菌的动力学亦进行了研究．     

环境中有机含硫芳烃化合物的研究

有机含硫芳烃化合物（ＰＡＳＨ） 性质稳定，不易降解，毒性极强，具有潜在的危害特征。其在环境中的分布，一般是生物体中ＰＡＳＨ 的含量最高，其次是大气悬浮颗粒物与海洋沉积物。ＰＡＳＨ 的主要来源是石油，分析环境中的ＰＡＳＨ 可追踪石油或合成燃料污染。     

次级燃料还原燃烧产物内NOx的动力学特性研究

提出了在燃煤电站锅炉炉膛内添加次级燃料建立ＮＯｘ的还原区，以控制ＮＯｘ的排放，建立了描述ＮＯｘ还原动态过程的数学模型和化学动力学模型，对计算值和实测值作了比较分析。     

Al（Ⅲ）溶液的水解─沉淀特性研究─—磷酸根的作用

采用连续碱滴定方法和Ｘ射线衍射及红外光谱分析，研究了在Ａｌ（Ⅲ）－磷酸根溶液体系中Ａｌ（Ⅲ）的水解－沉淀特性，结果表明，当Ｐ／Ａｌ＞０．０５时，磷酸根对Ａｌ（Ⅲ）的水解－成核－沉淀过程有显的促进作用，描述了磷酸根作用的动力学机理。     

铸态不锈钢光亮钝化新工艺研究

依据不锈钢钝化的几种理论现点和钝化机理,对工艺流程与若干工艺参数的选择进行了探讨。并列出了工艺配方的主要组份,从结构和蟹合两方面使H_2O_2稳定以获得显著效果。经本工艺处理的不锈钢,表面质量稳定,从根本上消除了氮氧化物及氟污染,环境效益与经济效益明显。     

2007年春节期间北京大气颗粒物中多环芳烃的污染特征

利用大流量颗粒物采样器分昼夜采集了2007年春节前后大气气溶胶中PM₁₀和PM_2.5样品，并采用气相色谱-质谱技术对PM_2.5样品中的多环芳烃进行了检测.春节期间大气颗粒物中PM₁₀和PM_2.5夜间平均质量浓度为232 μg·m^-3和132 μg·m^-3,分别高于白天的PM₁₀(194 μg·m^-3)和PM_2.5(107 μg·m^-3)；除夕后颗粒物日平均质量浓度为252.3 μg·m^-3 (PM₁₀)和123.8 μg·m^-3 (PM_2.5)，分别高于除夕前的166.7 μg·m^-3(PM₁₀)和106.8 μg·m^-3(PM_2.5)；同时夜间PM_2.5中多17种多环芳烃(PAHs)的总浓度都高于相应白天的总浓度，且除夕前多环芳烃日均总浓度为95.9 ng·m^-3，高于除夕后的58.9 ng·m^-3.结果表明，除了受一定的气象条件的影响外，大量燃放烟花爆竹会对大气颗粒物浓度有影响，但对大气中的多环芳烃影响不大，而春节期间工业及交通污染排放的减少削减了排放到大气中的PAHs.根据荧蒽/芘等比值指标判别北京PAHs主要以燃煤为主、交通为次的混合局地源污染.     

Effect of domestic sewage on growth of phytoplankton-mathematical model

A mathematical model relating to the change in phytoplankton biomass in the period of growth and nutrient concentration in the media was proposed on the basis of the Monod equation and was testified by simulation experiments. Analysis of the experiment data showed that: the half-saturation constants for growth Kp (μmol/L) for Skeletonema, Chaetoceros and Prorocentrum were 5.52, 1.90 and 0.46, respectively; the balance between stimulation of nutrients and the inhibition of some other materials was found in the effect of domestic sewage on algal growth and the stimulation played a leading role; domestic sewage was more stimulative on dinoflag-ellate than on diatom and chlorophyte when the assemblage of the algae was cultured. The experiment suggested that mathematical model reasonably explained the characteristics of phytoplankton growth in different nutrient conditions and was worthy to be further improved for eutrophication prediction in off-shore water.     

饮用水中氯化产物水合氯醛、三氯乙酸的活性炭富集顶空分析法研究

以活性炭为富集材料,经酸化和甲酯衍生化后,饮用水中非挥发性的水合氯醛和三氯乙酸可以从活性炭的吸附态定量地释出气体,利用顶空法取样,GC/ECD进行测定。对不同水样检测结果表明,饮用水中水合氯醛、三氯乙酸来自氯化消毒过程。控制水源有机质污染,装置活性炭过滤器,延长烧水煮沸时间,可有效地减少人体对其摄入量。     

Chance-constrained programming (CCP)abatement of SO_2 emission for acid deposition control in Liuzhou City

A deterministic linear programming model which optimizes the abatement of each SO2 emission source, is extended into a CCP form by introducing equations of probabilistic constrained through the incorporation of uncertainty in the source-receptor-specific transfer coefficients. Based on the calculation of SO2 and sulfate average residence time for Liuzhou City, a sulfur deposition model has been developed and the distribution of transfer coefficients have been found to be approximately log-normal. Sulfur removal minimization of the model shows that the abatement of emission sources in the city is more effective, while control cost optimization provides the lowest cost programmes for source abatement at each allowable deposition limit under varied environmental risk levels. Finally a practicable programme is recommended.     

A study on Se application for improving the soil in the environment at lower Se level

A result that application of sodium selenite or fly ash to some of soilin loess plateau can increase Se content in wheat grain has been demonstrated by the pot and field experiments, and added Se in soil can last its availability for 3 years. So this is a good measure for improving the low Se soils and preventing the Kaschin-Beck disease.